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D’Empires et de frontières, La pratique de la frontière du IXe au XIIIe siècle

Authors: Jens Schneider;

D’Empires et de frontières, La pratique de la frontière du IXe au XIIIe siècle

Abstract

Van rijken en grenzen : de aard van grenzen van de negende tot de dertiende eeuw Dit artikel bestudeert de manier waarop grenzen en de hieraan verbonden praktijken werden gepercipieerd in het Frankische en het Heilige Roomse Rijk van de negende tot de dertiende eeuw. Met behulp van een diachronische aanpak onderzoekt het hoe grenzen als instrument van ruimtelijke ordening evolueerden van de negendeeeuwse verdeelverdragen tot de grensonderzoeken van de dertiende eeuw. Het begrip ‘ grens’ veranderde van een vrij onnauwkeurige en vaak veranderlijke afbakening, die in teksten werd voorgesteld als een lijst van plaatsnamen, naar een scheidingslijn die door lokale getuigen werd bevestigd in naam van de administratieve autoriteiten (graaf, hertog, koning, paus). Bijgevolg waren rivieren zoals de Rijn en de Maas referentiepunten eerder dan echte grensmarkeringen. Vanaf de dertiende eeuw werden er grensonderzoeken gevoerd om conflicten op te lossen tussen lokale actoren die elkaar de zeggenschap over grensgebieden betwistten.

Cet article traite de la perception et des pratiques de la frontière à l’échelle de l’Empire du IXe au XIIIe siècle. Adoptant une approche diachronique, il envisage l’évolution de l’organisation spatiale sur la base de traités de partages territoriaux du IXe siècle et d’enquêtes sur les frontières menées dans le courant du XIIIe siècle. On entrevoit ainsi un processus de transformation de la frontière : imprécise voire floue, réduite à des noms de lieux énumérés dans les sources, durant le Haut Moyen Âge, elle finit par s’imposer comme une véritable délimitation ; l’attestent quelques témoins émanant des autorités comtales, ducales, royales ou encore papales. Il en ressort que le Rhin et la Meuse servent de repères mais pas nécessairement de tracé frontalier. Les enquêtes sur les frontières menées à partir du XIIIe siècle ont été rendues nécessaires par des conflits locaux d’autorité en terres frontalières.

Of Empires and Borders. The Nature of Borders from the ninth to the thirteenth century This paper deals with the perception of borders and related practices in the Frankish and Holy Roman Empire between the ninth and the thirteenth century. Adopting a diachronic approach, it analyses how spatial organisation evolved, from the ninthcentury division treaties up to the border inquiries of the thirteenth century. The frontier was transformed from a rather imprecise and oft-moving border, presented in the texts as a list of place names, to a delimitation attested by local witnesses on behalf of administrative authorities (count, duke, king, pope). And so, rivers such as the Rhine and the Meuse were reference points rather than real frontier lines. From the thirteenth century onward, frontier inquiries were launched to resolve conflicts between local agents disputing each other’s authority on border territories.

Schneider Jens. D’Empires et de frontières, La pratique de la frontière du IXe au XIIIe siècle. In: Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire, tome 91, fasc. 4, 2013. Histoire médiévale, moderne et contemporaine Middeleeuwse, moderne en hedendaagse geschiedenis. pp. 1187-1209.

Keywords

Historiography ; Spatial turn ; Frankish Empire ; Holy Roman Empire ; Lotharingia ; Frisia ; Rhine ; Meuse ; Meersen ; Verdun ; Bar, Geschiedsschrijving ; ruimtelijke ordening ; Frankische Rijk ; Heilige Roomse Rijk ; Lotharingen ; Friesland ; Rijn ; Maas ; Meersen – ; Verdun ; Bar, Linguistics and Language, History, Literature and Literary Theory, Meuse ; Tournant spatial ; Empire franc ; Saint-Empire ; Lotharingie ; Frise ; Rhin ; Meersen ; Verdun ; Bar ; Historiographie, Language and Linguistics

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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