• Digital Humanities and Cultural Heritage

We investigated the processing of violations of the verb position in Dutch, in a group of healthy subjects, by measuring event-related potentials (ERPs) through electroencephalography (EEG). In Dutch, the base position of the verb is clause final, but in matrix clauses, the finite verb is in second position, a construction known as Verb Second. In embedded clauses, the finite verb remains in its clause-final base position. The results show that ungrammatical placement of finite verbs in second position in embedded clauses yields a P600 response, which suggests that the parser treats this type of violation as a clear syntactic anomaly. This is in contrast to accounts by which a general preference for subject-verb-object word order in languages like Dutch is reflected by an absence of P600 effects in response to violations of Verb Second.

Ahlqvist Anders. À propos des adverbes vieil-irlandais en -id, -ith. In: Etudes Celtiques, vol. 15, fascicule 2, 1977. pp. 501-503.

Three formal models of category learning, the rational model (Anderson, 1990), the configural-cue model (Gluck & Bower, 1988a), and ALCOVE (Kruschke, 1992), were evaluated on their ability to account for differential learning of hierarchically structured categories. An experiment using a theoretically challenging category structure developed by Lassaline, Wisniewski, and Medin (1992) is reported. Subjects learned one of two different category structures. For one structure, diagnostic information was present along a single dimension (1-D). For the other structure, diagnostic information was distributed across four dimensions (4-D). Subjects learned these categories at a general or at a specific level of abstraction. For the 1-D structure, specific-level categories were learned more rapidly than general-level categories. For the 4-D structure, the opposite result was observed. These results proved highly diagnostic for evaluating the models—although ALCOVE provided a good account of the observed results, the rational model and the configural-cue model did not.

In this paper we present a bioarchaeologic study of human remains of burial 2 of Canadon Leona 5 site (Magallanes, Chile), excavated by the American archaeologist Junius Bird during the 1930s. We examined the 8 individuals (2 subadults and 6 adults) recovered in this burial -currently housed at the Anthropology Division, American Museum of Natural History, New york-, from a physiological, patho- logical, and taphonomic point of view. In this assemblage, two calvaria exhibit compressive traumas (circular and subcircular perforations with some rim remodeling). In both cases it is inferred that these

La Historia ha sido una de las palabras de “intersección”, o mejor aún, el concepto cardinal alrededor del cual se ha cristalizado lo creíble, durante los dos últimos siglos. ¿Qué se designa hoy al pronunciar la palabra Historia? ¿De cuál creencia se trata? Es menester, ante todo, desprenderse por completo de una acepción del nombre que, incluso si ya no tiene eficacia alguna en el mundo actual, merodea aún en lo ordinario de la disciplina. Acepción promovida e impuesta por Europa: la del concepto moderno de historia, que al ser responsable del progreso de los pueblos, se engalanaba con una H mayúscula. Cabe preguntarse, entonces, si ese viejo nombre de historia puede volver a tener alguna utilidad para designar una manera nueva de articular esas tres categorías del pasado, presente y futuro, que los humanos siempre han requerido para ordenar su vida en común. History has been one of the words of “intersection,” or better yet, the cardinal concept around which the credible has crystalized over the past two centuries. What does the word History mean today? What belief does it entail? It is necessary, first of all, to free oneself completely from accepting a meaning for the word which, even if it is no longer effective in the present world, still lurks in the shadows throughout most of the discipline. It is the meaning that has been promoted and imposed by Europe: the modern concept of history, which in being responsible for the progress of the peoples of the world, embellished itself with a capital H. It is thus worthwhile asking whether the old name of history can once again prove somehow useful for designating a new way of articulating the three categories of past, present and future that human beings have always required to organize their common life. A História tem sido uma das palavras de “interseção”, ou melhor ainda, o conceito cardinal ao redor do qual se tem cristalizado o acreditável, durante os dois últimos séculos. O que se designa hoje ao se pronunciar a palavra História? De qual crença se trata? É necessário, acima de tudo, desprender-se por completo de uma acepção do nome que, inclusive se já não tem eficácia alguma no mundo atual, vagueia ainda no ordinário da disciplina. Acepção promovida e imposta pela Europa: a do conceito moderno de história, que ao ser responsável pelo progresso dos povos, ostentava-se com um H maiúsculo. Cabe perguntar-se, então, se esse velho nome de história pode voltar a ter alguma utilidade para designar uma maneira nova de articular essas três categorias do passado, presente e futuro, que os humanos sempre requereram para ordenar sua vida em comum.

Catorzenes Jornades de Foment de la Investigació de la FCHS (Any 2008-2009) Es especialmente lúcido Magritte al investigar el problema de la representación y la esencia del arte. Él cuestiona la relación entre las imágenes y las cosas basada en la semejanza representativa. Esto se puede ver en su obra La traición de las imágenes. Michel Foucault le dedicó a esta obra un interesante ensayo titulado Esto no es una pipa. Ensayo sobre Magritte, donde aprovecha para reforzar sus teorías sobre la débil ilusión que liga las palabras y las cosas. Dos versiones de un mismo dibujo de Magritte, Ceci n´est pas une pipe. La primera versión es ya inquietante y provoca una serie de interrogantes: la relación-contraste de imágenes y palabras en Magritte, el significado de la negación. Pero la otra versión aún es más desconcertante, porque las pipas son dos, una suspendida en el vacío y la otra inscrita en una tela: los interrogantes se multiplican. En este caso el problema es triple: la palabra “pipe” no es una pipa, la imagen de la pizarra tampoco es una pipa, pero resulta que tampoco lo es esa enorme “Idea platónica de pipa” que flota en el aire. Esta investigación trata de reflejar las dificultades que presenta el conocimiento o el arte entendido como representación.

This paper studies the imaginary food in ancient Greek tragedy including satyric drama. Sophocles’ fragment (Radt 167) “Live, drink, eat” expresses a common belief that food is both a vital biological function and one of the simple pleasures of life. But food has also an important social function and, on the stage, bread and wine are associated with the concept of equality, which was an important value in Athenian democracy. Finally, food had a religious dimension due to the rituals observed at banquets and sacrifices as well as due to the assimilation between Demeter and bread, but also Dionysos and wine.