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  • English
    Authors: 
    Acosta Reveles, Irma Lorena;
    Country: Germany

    Recognizing that poverty in the fields of Latin America has not been overcome with the model of agribusiness and agro-exporting, the paradigm of new rurality emerges as a response to meet the demands of the rural areas. This vision is now the basis of rural policies in Latin America and other underdeveloped areas of the world. This document seeks to recover the core elements of this vision in its internal articulation. Then, we will respond to some questions: What can we expect from this paradigm? Can we expect to overcome rural poverty? Which are the merits and limitations of this approach? Tras reconocer que la pobreza en los campos latinoamericanos no ha sido superada con el modelo de los agronegocios y las agroexportaciones, el paradigma de la nueva ruralidad emerge como respuesta para atender las carencias más sentidas en el medio rural. Esta visión, promovida con afán por instituciones multilaterales y por organismos financieros internacionales, ha pasado a ser el eje central de las políticas de Estado orientadas al campo en América Latina y otras zonas subdesarrolladas del orbe. Es intención de este documento recuperar los elementos medulares de este paradigma en su articulación interna. Luego de esta síntesis nos abocamos a responder algunas preguntas: ¿Qué podemos esperar de este paradigma trasladado en la práctica a nuestros países, donde impera la condición de subdesarrollo? ¿Cabe esperar de él éxitos importantes en materia de progreso rural local o microrregional? ¿Cuáles son sus méritos y cuáles sus restricciones?

  • Open Access English
    Authors: 
    Cabanac, Guillaume; Labbé, Cyril;
    Publisher: Zenodo

    research integrity publishing industry misconduct retraction computer-generated papers SCIgen nonsense detection citation manipulation

  • English
    Authors: 
    Acosta Reveles, Irma Lorena;
    Country: Germany

    This article proposes a joint reading of the structural changes that are common in the Latin-American agriculture, and that operate in opposition to the labour equitable incorporation of the women in the rural zones. To observe better the process we refer to empirical information about Mexican agro. A conclusion is that nowadays the women of the rural way have more work charge. But the remuneration isn't sufficient to improve substantially their standard of living. El artículo pretende una lectura conjunta de los cambios estructurales que son comunes en la agricultura latinoamericana, y que operan en contra de la inclusión laboral equitativa de las mujeres en las zonas rurales. Para observarlo mejor recurrimos a referentes empíricos en el agro mexicano. Del análisis se desprende que hoy en día las mujeres que residen del medio rural hacen enormes esfuerzos por atender quehaceres que atañen tanto a la reproducción doméstica como a la reproducción social —en virtud de una participación más activa al mercado de trabajo—. Pero la retribución que obtienen de sus múltiples ocupaciones no resulta suficiente para que ellas y sus familias puedan mejorar sustancialmente su nivel de vida.

  • English
    Authors: 
    Acosta Reveles, Irma Lorena;
    Country: Germany

    The purpose of this essay is offer a perspective of situation crosses today regional agriculture, checking some of its added balances. It interests us to debate the optimistic and not very critical way with which the figures are divulged and to put in evidence aspects fewer diffused, but of supreme importance for present and future of the region. To begin, we refer to the general context in that the transformation are raised in the Latin America growth model, and their pretences. At once we are in charge of the agriculture, focused in the common content of the national projects, to revise finally some of their sequels. We conclude with some thinking on the meaning of these changes for the expansion of the capital as long as system an for the involved rural population.

  • English
    Authors: 
    Acosta Reveles, Irma Lorena;
    Country: Germany

    Under the pressure of NAFTA negotiations Mexican government changed the agrarian legislation at the beginning of the 1990. This reform meant turning away from the former leitmotiv of social justice brought up in the revolution towards the neoliberal paradigm of economic efficiency. The old system of subsedies and and institutional support was replaced by a market- and export orientation, the priority of community land was replaced by the primacy of private property rights in order to capitalize the Mexican agriculture. This paper analyses whether the goals of increasing productivity and changing the production structure where achieved. There are three basic outcomes from the reforms: small scale farmers have los market shares and depend on non-agricultural incomes. Secondly, the trading of land is marginal, as export goods are produced on a small share of productive land and the agricultural corporations have many alternative to the purchase Hof land. The capitalization of agricultural enterprises has also been minimal. These results cause a regional concentration of agricultural corporations and lead to a further marginalization Hof small scale farmers.

  • English
    Authors: 
    Acosta Reveles, Irma Lorena;
    Country: Germany

    From beginning of the eighties decade, with the arrival of the neoliberalism to Mexico, the familiar homes have experimented an adjustment in their income and expenses composition. These adjustments are linked directly to the changes in the labour and the reform of the State, and both are the main reason of the restrictions that faces today the family for their development. Continuing this reflection, in this writing I offer a frame of analysis to place in the plane of the theory and of the context of the globalization the familiar precarious reproduction process. A circular dynamics on which they converge: a) conditions of poverty in their traditional meaning of restricted income; b) limitations to accede to the wage-earning employment, as well as their tendency to autoemployment; c) vulnerability and uncertainty, and d) serious conflicts in the area of the familiar and social relations.

  • English
    Authors: 
    Acosta Reveles, Irma Lorena;
    Country: Germany

    This article has two aims. First, provide a systematic review of academic contributions on agricultural wages. Secondly, introduce conceptual and methodological tools to understand the development of the Latin-American agriculture from 1980's to today. Of special importance is the development of labor relations in agriculture.

  • English
    Authors: 
    Acosta Reveles, Irma Lorena;
    Country: Germany

    In this article I have wanted to delineate the central trends from labour scene of Latin America in the frame of neoliberalism, as well as the domineering perceptions concerning these processes. I have centered in the aspects of major meaning for wage-labor in their insertion to the economic cycle from the sale of the labourforce. The aim is to show that the different dimensions that include the relations between capital and work they have been change thoroughly, and not also in a level of the labour market; nevertheless that is this one the space that has deserved main attention of analysts and politicians. The proposition is that the origin of changes that they have been express in circulation sphere it will be find in adjustment substantive from mechanism extraction of the surplus value (inside productive process), and the results is the reformulation of traditional standards from the distribution of social wealth between the productive factors.

  • Open Access English
    Authors: 
    Opel, Thomas; Wetterich, Sebastian; Meyer, Hanno; Dereviagin, Alexander Yu; Fuchs, Margret C; Schirrmeister, Lutz;
    Publisher: PANGAEA

    To reconstruct palaeoclimate and palaeonvironmental conditions in the Northeast Siberian Arctic, we studied late Quaternary permafrost at the Oyogos Yar coast (Dmitry Laptev Strait). New infrared stimulated luminescence ages for distinctive floodplain deposits of the Kuchchugui Suite (112.5±9.6 kyr) and thermokarst-lake deposits of the Krest Yuryakh Suite (102.4±9.7 kyr), respectively, provide new substantial geochronological data and shed light on the landscape history of the Dmitry Laptev Strait region during the Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5. Ground ice stable-isotope data are presented together with cryolithological information for eight cryostratigraphic units and are complemented by data from nearby Bol'shoy Lyakhovsky Island. Our combined record of ice-wedge stable isotopes as proxy for past winter climate conditions covers about 200 thousand years and is supplemented by stable isotopes of pore and segregated ice which reflect annual climate conditions overprinted by freezing processes. Our ice wedge stable-isotope data indicate substantial variations in Northeast Siberian Arctic winter climate conditions during the late Quaternary, in particular between Glacial and Interglacial but also over the last millennia to centuries. Stable isotope values of Ice Complex ice wedges indicate cold to very cold winter temperatures about 200 kyr ago (MIS7), very cold winter conditions about 100 kyr ago (MIS5), very cold to moderate winter conditions between about 60 and 30 kyr ago, and extremely cold winter temperatures during the Last Glacial Maximum (MIS2). Much warmer winter conditions are reflected by extensive thermokarst development during the MIS5c and by Holocene ice-wedge stable-isotopes. Modern ice-wedge stable isotopes are most enriched and testify the recent winter warming in the Arctic. Hence, ice-wedge based reconstructions of changes in winter climate conditions add substantial information to those derived from paleoecological proxies stored in permafrost and allow for distinguishing between seasonal trends of past climate dynamics. Future progress in ice-wedge dating and an improved temporal resolution of ice-wedge derived climate information may help to fully explore the palaeoclimatic potential of ice wedges.

  • Open Access
    Authors: 
    Johann-Mattis List; Greenhill, Simon J; Ryder, Robin; ValentinThouzeau; Jacques, Guillaume; Sagart, Laurent; Yunfan Lai;
    Publisher: Zenodo
    Project: EC | CALC (715618)

    Source code and data for the paper: Sagart, L., G. Jacques, Y. Lai, R. Ryder, V. Thouzeau, S. Greenhill, and J.-M. List (2019): Dated language phylogenies shed light on the ancestry of Sino-Tibetan. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America 116. 10317–10322. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1817972116

Advanced search in Research products
Research products
arrow_drop_down
Searching FieldsTerms
Any field
arrow_drop_down
includes
arrow_drop_down
Include:
The following results are related to Digital Humanities and Cultural Heritage. Are you interested to view more results? Visit OpenAIRE - Explore.
32 Research products, page 1 of 4
  • English
    Authors: 
    Acosta Reveles, Irma Lorena;
    Country: Germany

    Recognizing that poverty in the fields of Latin America has not been overcome with the model of agribusiness and agro-exporting, the paradigm of new rurality emerges as a response to meet the demands of the rural areas. This vision is now the basis of rural policies in Latin America and other underdeveloped areas of the world. This document seeks to recover the core elements of this vision in its internal articulation. Then, we will respond to some questions: What can we expect from this paradigm? Can we expect to overcome rural poverty? Which are the merits and limitations of this approach? Tras reconocer que la pobreza en los campos latinoamericanos no ha sido superada con el modelo de los agronegocios y las agroexportaciones, el paradigma de la nueva ruralidad emerge como respuesta para atender las carencias más sentidas en el medio rural. Esta visión, promovida con afán por instituciones multilaterales y por organismos financieros internacionales, ha pasado a ser el eje central de las políticas de Estado orientadas al campo en América Latina y otras zonas subdesarrolladas del orbe. Es intención de este documento recuperar los elementos medulares de este paradigma en su articulación interna. Luego de esta síntesis nos abocamos a responder algunas preguntas: ¿Qué podemos esperar de este paradigma trasladado en la práctica a nuestros países, donde impera la condición de subdesarrollo? ¿Cabe esperar de él éxitos importantes en materia de progreso rural local o microrregional? ¿Cuáles son sus méritos y cuáles sus restricciones?

  • Open Access English
    Authors: 
    Cabanac, Guillaume; Labbé, Cyril;
    Publisher: Zenodo

    research integrity publishing industry misconduct retraction computer-generated papers SCIgen nonsense detection citation manipulation

  • English
    Authors: 
    Acosta Reveles, Irma Lorena;
    Country: Germany

    This article proposes a joint reading of the structural changes that are common in the Latin-American agriculture, and that operate in opposition to the labour equitable incorporation of the women in the rural zones. To observe better the process we refer to empirical information about Mexican agro. A conclusion is that nowadays the women of the rural way have more work charge. But the remuneration isn't sufficient to improve substantially their standard of living. El artículo pretende una lectura conjunta de los cambios estructurales que son comunes en la agricultura latinoamericana, y que operan en contra de la inclusión laboral equitativa de las mujeres en las zonas rurales. Para observarlo mejor recurrimos a referentes empíricos en el agro mexicano. Del análisis se desprende que hoy en día las mujeres que residen del medio rural hacen enormes esfuerzos por atender quehaceres que atañen tanto a la reproducción doméstica como a la reproducción social —en virtud de una participación más activa al mercado de trabajo—. Pero la retribución que obtienen de sus múltiples ocupaciones no resulta suficiente para que ellas y sus familias puedan mejorar sustancialmente su nivel de vida.

  • English
    Authors: 
    Acosta Reveles, Irma Lorena;
    Country: Germany

    The purpose of this essay is offer a perspective of situation crosses today regional agriculture, checking some of its added balances. It interests us to debate the optimistic and not very critical way with which the figures are divulged and to put in evidence aspects fewer diffused, but of supreme importance for present and future of the region. To begin, we refer to the general context in that the transformation are raised in the Latin America growth model, and their pretences. At once we are in charge of the agriculture, focused in the common content of the national projects, to revise finally some of their sequels. We conclude with some thinking on the meaning of these changes for the expansion of the capital as long as system an for the involved rural population.

  • English
    Authors: 
    Acosta Reveles, Irma Lorena;
    Country: Germany

    Under the pressure of NAFTA negotiations Mexican government changed the agrarian legislation at the beginning of the 1990. This reform meant turning away from the former leitmotiv of social justice brought up in the revolution towards the neoliberal paradigm of economic efficiency. The old system of subsedies and and institutional support was replaced by a market- and export orientation, the priority of community land was replaced by the primacy of private property rights in order to capitalize the Mexican agriculture. This paper analyses whether the goals of increasing productivity and changing the production structure where achieved. There are three basic outcomes from the reforms: small scale farmers have los market shares and depend on non-agricultural incomes. Secondly, the trading of land is marginal, as export goods are produced on a small share of productive land and the agricultural corporations have many alternative to the purchase Hof land. The capitalization of agricultural enterprises has also been minimal. These results cause a regional concentration of agricultural corporations and lead to a further marginalization Hof small scale farmers.

  • English
    Authors: 
    Acosta Reveles, Irma Lorena;
    Country: Germany

    From beginning of the eighties decade, with the arrival of the neoliberalism to Mexico, the familiar homes have experimented an adjustment in their income and expenses composition. These adjustments are linked directly to the changes in the labour and the reform of the State, and both are the main reason of the restrictions that faces today the family for their development. Continuing this reflection, in this writing I offer a frame of analysis to place in the plane of the theory and of the context of the globalization the familiar precarious reproduction process. A circular dynamics on which they converge: a) conditions of poverty in their traditional meaning of restricted income; b) limitations to accede to the wage-earning employment, as well as their tendency to autoemployment; c) vulnerability and uncertainty, and d) serious conflicts in the area of the familiar and social relations.

  • English
    Authors: 
    Acosta Reveles, Irma Lorena;
    Country: Germany

    This article has two aims. First, provide a systematic review of academic contributions on agricultural wages. Secondly, introduce conceptual and methodological tools to understand the development of the Latin-American agriculture from 1980's to today. Of special importance is the development of labor relations in agriculture.

  • English
    Authors: 
    Acosta Reveles, Irma Lorena;
    Country: Germany

    In this article I have wanted to delineate the central trends from labour scene of Latin America in the frame of neoliberalism, as well as the domineering perceptions concerning these processes. I have centered in the aspects of major meaning for wage-labor in their insertion to the economic cycle from the sale of the labourforce. The aim is to show that the different dimensions that include the relations between capital and work they have been change thoroughly, and not also in a level of the labour market; nevertheless that is this one the space that has deserved main attention of analysts and politicians. The proposition is that the origin of changes that they have been express in circulation sphere it will be find in adjustment substantive from mechanism extraction of the surplus value (inside productive process), and the results is the reformulation of traditional standards from the distribution of social wealth between the productive factors.

  • Open Access English
    Authors: 
    Opel, Thomas; Wetterich, Sebastian; Meyer, Hanno; Dereviagin, Alexander Yu; Fuchs, Margret C; Schirrmeister, Lutz;
    Publisher: PANGAEA

    To reconstruct palaeoclimate and palaeonvironmental conditions in the Northeast Siberian Arctic, we studied late Quaternary permafrost at the Oyogos Yar coast (Dmitry Laptev Strait). New infrared stimulated luminescence ages for distinctive floodplain deposits of the Kuchchugui Suite (112.5±9.6 kyr) and thermokarst-lake deposits of the Krest Yuryakh Suite (102.4±9.7 kyr), respectively, provide new substantial geochronological data and shed light on the landscape history of the Dmitry Laptev Strait region during the Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5. Ground ice stable-isotope data are presented together with cryolithological information for eight cryostratigraphic units and are complemented by data from nearby Bol'shoy Lyakhovsky Island. Our combined record of ice-wedge stable isotopes as proxy for past winter climate conditions covers about 200 thousand years and is supplemented by stable isotopes of pore and segregated ice which reflect annual climate conditions overprinted by freezing processes. Our ice wedge stable-isotope data indicate substantial variations in Northeast Siberian Arctic winter climate conditions during the late Quaternary, in particular between Glacial and Interglacial but also over the last millennia to centuries. Stable isotope values of Ice Complex ice wedges indicate cold to very cold winter temperatures about 200 kyr ago (MIS7), very cold winter conditions about 100 kyr ago (MIS5), very cold to moderate winter conditions between about 60 and 30 kyr ago, and extremely cold winter temperatures during the Last Glacial Maximum (MIS2). Much warmer winter conditions are reflected by extensive thermokarst development during the MIS5c and by Holocene ice-wedge stable-isotopes. Modern ice-wedge stable isotopes are most enriched and testify the recent winter warming in the Arctic. Hence, ice-wedge based reconstructions of changes in winter climate conditions add substantial information to those derived from paleoecological proxies stored in permafrost and allow for distinguishing between seasonal trends of past climate dynamics. Future progress in ice-wedge dating and an improved temporal resolution of ice-wedge derived climate information may help to fully explore the palaeoclimatic potential of ice wedges.

  • Open Access
    Authors: 
    Johann-Mattis List; Greenhill, Simon J; Ryder, Robin; ValentinThouzeau; Jacques, Guillaume; Sagart, Laurent; Yunfan Lai;
    Publisher: Zenodo
    Project: EC | CALC (715618)

    Source code and data for the paper: Sagart, L., G. Jacques, Y. Lai, R. Ryder, V. Thouzeau, S. Greenhill, and J.-M. List (2019): Dated language phylogenies shed light on the ancestry of Sino-Tibetan. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America 116. 10317–10322. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1817972116