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International audience; Investigation into the nexus of human-environmental behavior has seen increasing collaboration of archaeologists, historians, and paleo-scientists. However, many studies still lack interdisciplinarity and overlook incompatibilities in spatiotemporal scaling of environmental and societal data and their uncertainties. Here, we argue for a strengthened commitment to collaborative work and introduce the “dahliagram” as a tool to analyze and visualize quantitative and qualitative knowledge from diverse disciplinary sources and epistemological backgrounds. On the basis of regional cases of past human mobility in eastern Africa, Inner Eurasia, and the North Atlantic, we develop three dahliagrams that illustrate pull and push factors underlying key phases of population movement across different geographical scales and over contrasting periods of time since the end of the last Ice Age. Agnostic to analytical units, dahliagrams offer an effective tool for interdisciplinary investigation, visualization, and communication of complex human-environmental interactions at a diversity of spatiotemporal scales.

Discussing the current AHRC/LABEX-funded EyCon (Early Conflict Photography 1890–1918 and Visual AI) project, this article considers potentially problematic metadata and how it affects the accessibility of digital visual archives. The authors deliberate how metadata creation and enrichment could be improved through Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools and explore the practical applications of AI-reliant tools to analyze a large corpus of photographs and create or enrich metadata. The amount of visual data created by digitization efforts is not always followed by the creation of contextual metadata, which is a major problem for archival institutions and their users, as metadata directly affects the accessibility of digitized records. Moreover, the scale of digitization efforts means it is often beyond the scope of archivists and other record managers to individually assess problematic or sensitive images and their metadata. Additionally, existing metadata for photographic and visual records are presenting issues in terms of outdated descriptions or inconsistent contextual information. As more attention is given to the creation of accessible digital content within archival institutions, we argue that too little is being given to the enrichment of record data. In this article, the authors ask how new tools can address incomplete or inaccurate metadata and improve the transparency and accessibility of digital visual records.

The portal connecting the invisible and visible sectors is one of the most natural explanations of the dark world. However, the early-time dark matter production via the portal faces extremely stringent late-time constraints. To solve such tension, we construct the scalar-controlled kinetic mixing varying with the ultralight CP-even scalar’s cosmological evolution. To realize this and eliminate the constant mixing, we couple the ultralight scalar within 10$^{−33}$eV ≲ m$_{0}$ ≪ eV with the heavy doubly charged messengers and impose the ℤ$_{2}$ symmetry under the dark charge conjugation. Via the varying mixing, the keV – MeV dark photon dark matter is produced through the early-time freeze-in when the scalar is misaligned from the origin and free from the late-time exclusions when the scalar does the damped oscillation and dynamically sets the kinetic mixing. We also find that the scalar-photon coupling emerges from the underlying physics, which changes the cosmological history and provides the experimental targets based on the fine-structure constant variation and the equivalence principle violation. To ensure the scalar naturalness, we discretely re-establish the broken shift symmetry by embedding the minimal model into the ℤ$_{N}$-protected model. When N ~ 10, the scalar’s mass quantum correction can be suppressed much below 10$^{−33}$eV. Journal of high energy physics 11(11), 031 (2023). doi:10.1007/JHEP11(2023)031 Published by SISSA, [Trieste]

International audience

During the period of Louis XIV’s reign as sole ruler of France and prior to the revocation of the Edict of Nantes (1661–1685)—years characterized by legal repression of the Reformist minority and uncertainty around the Edict’s régime of tolerance—provincial synods were the de facto representatives of the reformed Churches. Here, it was pastors, and more particularly moderators, who acted as the voice of their communities. Royal oversight was chiefly maintained by commissioners (including Catholics after 1679) who were present in the synods. The exchanges that took place between the moderators and the representatives of the king reveal how a discourse of submission to the monarchy was established and cultivated by the commissioners, while sometimes being conditioned or contested by the pastors, particularly in cases where freedom of conscience was threatened and divine law appeared to be impeded by royal decree. Lors du règne personnel de Louis XIV et jusqu’à la Révocation (1661–85), dans le contexte d’une répression judiciaire contre la minorité réformée et d’une remise en cause du régime de l’édit de Nantes, les synodes provinciaux représentent de facto les Églises. En leur sein, ce sont des pasteurs, et notamment les modérateurs, qui portent la parole de leurs communautés. La surveillance royale est principalement exercée par des commissaires (y compris des catholiques à partir de 1679) présents dans les synodes. Les échanges entre les modérateurs et les représentants du roi permettent donc de voir comment le discours de soumission à la monarchie est recherché, consigné et valorisé par les commissaires, mais parfois conditionné, voire contesté par les pasteurs, en particulier lorsque la liberté de conscience est remise en cause et que les lois divines semblent entravées par la législation royale.

Après la Révocation de l’édit de Nantes, le culte protestant est interdit pendant plus d’un siècle en France. Une résistance voit le jour : les protestants se réunissent pour des cultes clandestins, privés ou publics. Plus on avance dans ce siècle de répression, plus la résistance est organisée : à partir de 1718, des pasteurs, formés clandestinement à l’étranger, arrivent en France pour encadrer les fidèles. Cette étude présente les objets utilisés par la résistance, certains lui permettant de continuer ses activités clandestines, d’autres de dissimuler son existence et de protéger les fidèles. Des livres, tout d’abord, permettent le culte privé, au sein du domicile. À partir de l’arrivée des pasteurs, les protestants ont recours à des objets liturgiques pour le culte public, dont certains sont cachés de manière ingénieuse dans leur quotidien. Enfin, les maisons protestantes sont aménagées pour accueillir et dissimuler les activités clandestines des fidèles. After the Edict of Nantes is revoked, Protestantism is declared illegal in France, but Protestants gather for private or public clandestine worship services, creating a resistance movement. As the century of repression progresses, the resistance becomes more organized: from 1718 onwards, pastors are trained in Switzerland and sent back to France to oversee the clandestine churches. This study explores the objects used by the resistance, some allowing it to continue its illegal activities, others to hide its existence and protect the faithful. First of all, books enable Protestants to worship privately, within their homes. Secondly, as pastors begin overseeing public worship services, Protestants use liturgical objects, some of which are ingenuously hidden in their everyday life. Finally, Protestant houses are adapted to accommodate and hide clandestine activities.

Post-inflationary reheating phase is usually said to be solely governed by the decay of coherently oscillating inflaton into radiation. In this submission, we explore a new avenue toward reheating through the evaporation of primordial black holes (PBHs). After the inflation, if PBHs form, depending on its initial mass, abundance, and inflaton coupling with the radiation, we found two physically distinct possibilities of reheating the universe. In one possibility, the thermal bath is solely obtained from the decay of PBHs while inflaton plays the role of dominant energy component in the entire process. In the other possibility, we found that PBHs itself dominate the total energy budget of the Universe during the course of evolution, and then its subsequent evaporation leads to radiation dominated universe. Furthermore, we analyze the impact of both monochromatic and extended PBH mass functions and estimate the detailed parameter ranges for which those distinct reheating histories are realized. Comment: 17 pages, 9 figures

Abstract This paper discusses the transformation of the content, role, and status of economic research at the Bank of England in the past sixty years. We show how three factors (the policy functions and missions of the Bank, the attitude of its executives toward economics, and its organizational structure) shaped the evolution of in-house economic research at the Bank during three distinctive periods (1960–91; 1992–2007; 2007–14). Our account relies on a broad set of sources and methods (the Bank's publications, archives, interviews with current and former Bank economists, citation analysis, prosopography, and topic modeling).