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By examining how power is constructed and maintained in Russia with the help of hydrocarbons—oil and gas—this article shows why this system is detrimental to Russia in the context of global environmental, technological, and geopolitical changes. While promoting a hydrocarbon culture as central to national identity, the Kremlin has failed to adapt to the global transition toward renewable energy. But external actors such as the European Union could encourage change from within to develop Russia’s untapped potential as a green power, given its vast endowments of renewable resources. Peer reviewed

An Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) in USA is currently discussed as a next-generation facility for high-energy nuclear physics. The main goal of the EIC is to study fundamental questions of Quantum Chromodynamics, which include the origin of the nucleon mass and spin and the three-dimensional structure of the nucleon in terms of quarks and gluons, the emergent properties of dense systems of gluons, and influence of nuclear matter on distributions of quarks and gluons and propagation of color charges through it. The EIC machine designs are aimed at achieving variable center of mass energies of 20 – 100 GeV, upgradable to 150 GeV, high degree of polarization ( 70%) of beams of electrons, protons and light nuclei, high collision luminosity of 1033–34 cm–2s–1, and ion beams from deuteron to heaviest (Lead) nuclei. In this contribution, we present the current status of the EIC project, its physics program, and proposed designs of EIC realization. peerReviewed

We study how a high-speed solar wind stream embedded in a slow solar wind a ects the transport and energy changes of solar energetic protons in interplanetary space, assuming di erent levels of cross-field di usion. This is done using a particle transport model that computes directional particle intensities and first order parallel anisotropies in a background solar wind generated by the magnetohydrodynamic model EUHFORIA. In particular, we consider a mono-energetic 4 MeV proton injection over an extended region located at a heliographic radial distance of 0.1 AU. By using di erent values for the perpendicular proton mean free path, we study how cross-field di usion may a ect the energetic particle spread and intensity profiles near a high-speed solar wind stream and a corotating interaction region (CIR).We find that both a strong cross-field di usion and a solar wind rarefaction region are capable of dispersing SEPs e ciently, producing overall low particle intensities which can in some cases prevent the SEPs from being detected in-situ, since their intensity may drop below the detected preevent intensity levels. We also discuss how accelerated particle populations form on the reverse and forward shock waves, separated by the stream interface inside the CIR. Under strong levels of cross-field di usion, particles cross the SI and hence both accelerated particle populations merge together. ispartof: 18th Annual International Astrophysics Conference (AIAC) location:Pasadena, CA date:18 Feb - 22 Feb 2019 ispartof: Journal of Physics : Conference Series vol:1332 status: published