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AbstractUpon its cession from 1874 to 1970, Fiji was under the British colonial government, and the colonial government attempted to control the spread of smallpox in the colony. The vaccination of Smallpox in the colonial era was effectively eradicated and controlled by the colonial authority with the help of Native Medical Practitioners. This paper looks at how smallpox was prevented and controlled in Fiji. The control drive was established, executed, and expanded in the face of all medical, financial, logistical, social, political, and geographical challenges. Indeed, this paper examines the relationship between native and colonial administrations in tackling the spread of smallpox. The changes in vaccination policies’ formulation, implementation, and budgetary in Colonial Fiji were also examined in this paper. This research helps fill in the gaps in our understanding of the effects of colonial health policy in Fiji by focusing on the vaccination of indentured labourers and the construction of quarantine centres. By examining the historical backdrop of smallpox vaccination in colonial Fiji, this research has the potential to provide significant insights that can be utilized to improve the efficacy of contemporary public health initiatives, particularly in environments characterized by cultural diversity.

AbstractThis survey study examines how online teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic affected the students’ perception of an ideal English teacher. A close-ended questionnaire prepared in light of the students’ short descriptive views on the characteristics of an ideal English teacher was used to collect data about personal, social, and professional aspects of an ideal English teacher before the Covd-19 pandemic. During the pandemic, the survey was repeated. The present article compares and contrasts the calculated percentage of the data collected prior to and during the pandemic to conclude how the circumstances created by the global crises changed the students’ perceptions of an ideal English teacher. Based on comparative analysis, this research is a quantitative, descriptive study with some interesting results. The results reveal that, with the change of circumstances, some aspects of an ideal teacher remained irrelevant (e.g. age, gender, etc.); some others remained considerably compelling (e.g. the teacher’s interaction with the students, reading skills, listening skills, and punctuality); some became more important (e.g. show concern); some became less important (e.g. dress sense and physical features). The article touches on the Indian value system to interpret the results.

El diseño de estrategias basadas en el uso de las plataformas digitales constituye hoy una oportunidad para dar a conocer y hacer accesibles los valores del patrimonio cultural universitario. Es por ello que el artículo tiene como objetivo, diseñar una plataforma de comunicación digital de los símbolos de la Universidad de Oriente basada en el patrimonio cultural. La propuesta tiene un enfoque teórico-metodológico y se desarrolla a partir de un modelo conceptual- analógico que toma en consideración aspectos como: el enfoque global, la orientación sistémica y la optimización. The design of strategies based on the use of digital platforms is today an opportunity to learn about and make accessible the values of the values of the university's cultural heritage. That is why the article aims to design a digital communication platform for the symbols of the Universidad de Oriente based on cultural heritage. The proposal has theoretical-methodological approach and is developed from an analog conceptual model that takes into consideration aspects such as. The global approach, the systemic orientation and the optimization. Facultad de Periodismo y Comunicación Social

Indigenous Fijians have a long history of using medicinal resources from both land and ocean. Terrestrial medicinal plants have been documented in numerous studies carried out across the islands of Fiji but there is a dearth of research regarding marine resources. Ten marine medicinal seaweeds were documented in this study derived from information provided by villagers. Usage of these seaweeds varied depending on the type of illness and availability of resources. Common preparation methods of extracting medicinal properties from these resources include boiling the plant, raw consumption or simply using it as an ingredient in meals. Traditional healers are a crucial component of a traditional Fijian community as villagers depend on them for guidance to cure illnesses. The information collected for this study reveals an erosion of traditional knowledge occurring in Indigenous societies and highlights the need for documentation of this wealth of knowledge as well as an awareness of the importance of medicinal plants in Pacific Islands.

This article examines Marcel Gauchet’s claim that the political history of religion is the key to a new understanding of contemporary liberal democratic societies in the shape that they have come to assume since the 1970s. The Disenchantment of the World presents a history of religion starting out from the thesis that, from the perspective of universal history, the primary function of religion can be identified with the production of the unity and identity of societies. Present-day liberal democracies, it is argued, perform the same function through an alternative disposition of the constitutive elements of collective life. Where religions institute the identity of the society by accepting dependence upon a supernatural origin, contemporary society is organized as a ‘subjective form of social functioning’, in the sense that it is able to create and transform itself. Gauchet argues that the central structural features of contemporary society – the administrative state, the separation of civil society and the freedom of individuals, and the global orientation to the future – allow the practical accomplishment of the ideal of autonomy announced by the tradition of modern and revolutionary political thought. The explication of this logic establishes the preconditions for the criticism of these societies, by showing the historical decision and the internal articulations that give them their cohesion.

AbstractThis article explores the main features and the implications of the colonial medical policies and legislation regarding Venereal diseases (VD) during the colonial period (the 1930s-40s) in Fiji. The British Parliament has intensively discussed the VD, enacted various regulations, introduced prevention campaigns to combat this deadly infectious disease, and rescued its military citizens. The current literature on the history of medicine in relation to the growth and implications of VD in Fiji needs to be studied more. Therefore, the analysis investigated how imperial VD, legislation in Fiji, and the loss of allied acts passed. The research represents the historical, ethnic, and cultural context of developing new markers of apparent predominance among Europeans, Indians, Natives, and others in the national population. This study objectively re-examines the un-researched quantitative and qualitative data available in the National Archives of Fiji and other repositories to document the growth and evolution of VD and it's cures in colonial Fiji.

La relación entre los hablantes de lenguas diferentes establecidas en diversas circunstancias presupone un intercambio del que resultan interpenetraciones, en mayor o en menor grado, entre las lenguas implicadas. Una situación de esta naturaleza se hizo presente en Santiago de Cuba en el siglo XIX cuando como resultado de la Revolución de Haití se establece una oleada migratoria hacia esta región del país que luego se mantuvo desde Francia. Este trabajo centra su interés en el contacto ocurrido entre el español y el francés en Santiago de Cuba durante el siglo XIX y cómo la prensa de la época refleja algunas de sus manifestaciones, para ello se realiza el análisis de varios textos y especialmente una crónica aparecida en el periódico El Redactor, en la que se pone de manifiesto las actitudes lingüísticas y la manera en que esta situación de contacto es percibida por algunos de los habitantes de la ciudad. The relationship between speakers of different languages established under certain circumstances means an exchange that lead to interlinks, to a higher or lower degree, between the languages involved. This kind of situation occurred in Santiago de Cuba in the XIXTH century. As a result of the Haitian revolution, a migratory wave arrived to this region of the country, further continued from France. This research paper is focused on the linguistic contact between Spanish and French languages in Santiago de Cuba during the XIXTH century and how the printed press of the epoch reflects some of its manifestations. With that purpose, several texts have been analyzed, especially a chronicle from the newspaper El Redactor, which shows particular linguistic attitudes and the way in which the contact situation is perceived by some of the inhabitants of the city.