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  • Authors: Berthelet, Yann; Van Haeperen, Françoise;

    PDR FNRS Roman Gods' Networks

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  • Authors: Mainet, Grégory;

    The resumption of excavations at Ostia at the beginning of the 20th c. is traditionally attributed to Dante Vaglieri. This cliché in the archaeological literature, however, omits the context in which these works were carried out: the requalification of the Agro Romano, and then the construction of Ostia Nuova. This paper demonstrates the fundamental role of the development of the Roman littoral, promoted by the Comitato Pro Roma Marittima and its president, Paolo Orlando, during the excavations of the ancient city between 1905 and 1923. The extension of the Via Ostiense to the sea and the filling in of the "Fiume Morto" were decisive in the resumption of the excavations. The construction of Ostia Nuova allowed the excavations to continue during the First World War and then in the post-war period, when the treasury of the Kingdom of Italy was exhausted by the war effort. These links between archaeological excavations and public works had significant consequences for the exploration of the ancient city. L'invention d'Ostie dans la première moitié su XXe siècle. La discipline archéologique face aux enjeux économiques, politiques et culturels de son temps

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  • Authors: Mainet, Grégory;

    Les archéologues considèrent que les fouilles d’Ostie reprirent en 1908 grâce à la seule énergie de Dante Vaglieri. Cet article montre que cet archéologue ne fut pas l’unique acteur de la reprise des excavations. L’ingénieur Paolo Orlando, président du Comitato Nazionale Pro Roma Marittima, s’intéressa à la ville antique d’Ostie dès 1904 et chercha à relancer les excavations avant que Vaglieri ne soit nommé directeur de l’Ufficio Scavi. Les fouilles d’Ostie étaient pour lui un moyen de rallier la population et les autorités politiques à son projet de développement maritime de la capitale du royaume d’Italie, en affirmant le rôle fondamental d’Ostie dans la puissance de la capitale de l’empire romain. L’activité de promotion menée le Comitato Nazionale Pro Roma Marittima et son président aboutit à la reprise structurée des excavations en 1908, puis à l’obtention de crédits extraordinaires, après la ratification d’une loi spéciale le 23 juin 1912.

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  • Authors: Nolfo, Fabio;
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  • Authors: Minuto, Maria Elena; Grazioli, Elio;
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  • Authors: Mainet, Grégory;

    L’invention d’Ostie dans la première moitié du XXe siècle. La discipline archéologique face aux enjeux politiques, économiques et culturels de son temps

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  • Authors: D'Alessio, Alessandro; Mainet, Grégory;
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  • Authors: Mainet, Grégory;

    The history of the archaeology of Ostia Antica is dominated by the massive, hurried excavations carried out in the years 1938-41 in anticipation of the Universal Exhibition in Rome, and by the paucity of documentation related to this period. By contrast, if we examine the Ostian archives of excavations from the first two decades of the 20th century, we can uncover documentation of exceptional quality. This period begins with Vaglieri's arrival as director of excavations and continues through Calza’s appointment to that same position. These archives consist of "the most accurate" excavation journals and fortnightly reports compiled by the soprastante Finelli, plans and sections executed by draughtsmen Gatti and Gismondi, and photographs taken by the scientific staff of the Excavation Office. Unfortunately, these archives have been overlooked by many archaeologists. The documents in question are dispersed throughout the various archives of the Archaeological Park of Ostia Antica (the Historical Archives, the Photographic Archives and the Drawing Archives), so that the scholar who studies them must reconnect the missing links between them. The archaeological and epigraphic evidence was published at the time of the excavations, but in a partial way, so that many of the discoveries and results remain unknown to this day. Although these archival materials present invaluable resources for the modern archaeologist, they cannot be studied without critical evaluation. The present contribution focuses on two key aspects of this critical approach: (a) The historical context in which the excavations and documentation were carried out. Over the course of twenty years, the quality of the documentation fluctuates with current events. Archaeologists usually believe that the passing of Dante Vaglieri in December 1913 marked a turning point in the way that the excavation was documented. The situation turns out to be more complex in light of the larger historical context. Two events were as important as Vaglieri's death in determining the course of the archaeological excavations at the mouth of the Tiber: the outbreak of World War I and the construction of Ostia Nuova (modern Lido di Ostia). By comparing the excavation journals with the correspondence preserved in various Roman archives (Central State Archives, State Archives of Rome, Capitoline Historical Archives) it appears that these other events also had real consequences on the excavation and the documentation; (b) the data delivered in excavation journals: descriptions, personal observations, publications. Despite the quality of the documentation in question, the scientific criteria of the time do not correspond at all to those of today. I will focus on the excavation journals written by Finelli, which represent an indispensable source. I will first define the distinction between descriptions and personal observations, which do not have the same value for today's archaeologist. Next, I will show the importance for him of reconstructing the links between written and visual documentation (drawings and photos). Finally, I will compare excerpts from the unpublished excavation journals with excerpts from the published notes in Notizie degli Scavi in order to highlight the existence of discrepancies between documentation and publication. To illustrate this second point, I will present a case study from my doctoral thesis, which is currently being published: the eastern section of the decumanus. This example highlights the contribution and limitations of the documentation under consideration, as well as the need to study and publish all available evidence.

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  • Authors: Dienst, Simon;
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  • Authors: Valenti, Gianluca;

    Se «le tracce d’uso possono dirci come i manufatti siano stati utilizzati dagli esseri umani» (Stoddard), allo stesso modo le glosse manoscritte forniscono preziose informazioni su come i testi antichi sono stati letti e interpretati. In particolare, i segni lasciati dai fruitori cinquecenteschi dei primi manuali di grammatica italiana potranno introdurci ai loro dubbi grammaticali, ai loro metodi di apprendimento e ai loro usi linguistici, e ci permetteranno di aggiungere alcuni tasselli alla nostra conoscenza della storia della nostra lingua. La ricerca si concentra su due monumenti della storia grammaticale italiana, le Regole di Fortunio e le Prose di Bembo, da cui è partita la grande riflessione linguistica del XVI secolo. In questo libro viene infatti esaminata una selezione di documenti composta dalle due principes e da tutte le edizioni anteriori al 1550, incluse le stampe delle Regole successive alla morte di Fortunio e le versioni contraffatte o non autorizzate delle Prose. L’analisi di tale corpus permette non solo di comprendere meglio alcuni aspetti relativi alla funzione, all’ubicazione e alla tipologia grafica delle glosse ai testi a stampa, per le quali viene tra l’altro formulata una nuova proposta tassonomica. Più in generale, attraverso la medesima analisi si perviene a delle informazioni che consentono di delineare i profili linguistici, culturali e sociali dei lettori delle prime grammatiche del volgare.

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The following results are related to Digital Humanities and Cultural Heritage. Are you interested to view more results? Visit OpenAIRE - Explore.
  • Authors: Berthelet, Yann; Van Haeperen, Françoise;

    PDR FNRS Roman Gods' Networks

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    This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

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  • Authors: Mainet, Grégory;

    The resumption of excavations at Ostia at the beginning of the 20th c. is traditionally attributed to Dante Vaglieri. This cliché in the archaeological literature, however, omits the context in which these works were carried out: the requalification of the Agro Romano, and then the construction of Ostia Nuova. This paper demonstrates the fundamental role of the development of the Roman littoral, promoted by the Comitato Pro Roma Marittima and its president, Paolo Orlando, during the excavations of the ancient city between 1905 and 1923. The extension of the Via Ostiense to the sea and the filling in of the "Fiume Morto" were decisive in the resumption of the excavations. The construction of Ostia Nuova allowed the excavations to continue during the First World War and then in the post-war period, when the treasury of the Kingdom of Italy was exhausted by the war effort. These links between archaeological excavations and public works had significant consequences for the exploration of the ancient city. L'invention d'Ostie dans la première moitié su XXe siècle. La discipline archéologique face aux enjeux économiques, politiques et culturels de son temps

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    This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

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  • Authors: Mainet, Grégory;

    Les archéologues considèrent que les fouilles d’Ostie reprirent en 1908 grâce à la seule énergie de Dante Vaglieri. Cet article montre que cet archéologue ne fut pas l’unique acteur de la reprise des excavations. L’ingénieur Paolo Orlando, président du Comitato Nazionale Pro Roma Marittima, s’intéressa à la ville antique d’Ostie dès 1904 et chercha à relancer les excavations avant que Vaglieri ne soit nommé directeur de l’Ufficio Scavi. Les fouilles d’Ostie étaient pour lui un moyen de rallier la population et les autorités politiques à son projet de développement maritime de la capitale du royaume d’Italie, en affirmant le rôle fondamental d’Ostie dans la puissance de la capitale de l’empire romain. L’activité de promotion menée le Comitato Nazionale Pro Roma Marittima et son président aboutit à la reprise structurée des excavations en 1908, puis à l’obtention de crédits extraordinaires, après la ratification d’une loi spéciale le 23 juin 1912.

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  • Authors: Nolfo, Fabio;
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  • Authors: Minuto, Maria Elena; Grazioli, Elio;
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  • Authors: Mainet, Grégory;

    L’invention d’Ostie dans la première moitié du XXe siècle. La discipline archéologique face aux enjeux politiques, économiques et culturels de son temps

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  • Authors: D'Alessio, Alessandro; Mainet, Grégory;
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  • Authors: Mainet, Grégory;

    The history of the archaeology of Ostia Antica is dominated by the massive, hurried excavations carried out in the years 1938-41 in anticipation of the Universal Exhibition in Rome, and by the paucity of documentation related to this period. By contrast, if we examine the Ostian archives of excavations from the first two decades of the 20th century, we can uncover documentation of exceptional quality. This period begins with Vaglieri's arrival as director of excavations and continues through Calza’s appointment to that same position. These archives consist of "the most accurate" excavation journals and fortnightly reports compiled by the soprastante Finelli, plans and sections executed by draughtsmen Gatti and Gismondi, and photographs taken by the scientific staff of the Excavation Office. Unfortunately, these archives have been overlooked by many archaeologists. The documents in question are dispersed throughout the various archives of the Archaeological Park of Ostia Antica (the Historical Archives, the Photographic Archives and the Drawing Archives), so that the scholar who studies them must reconnect the missing links between them. The archaeological and epigraphic evidence was published at the time of the excavations, but in a partial way, so that many of the discoveries and results remain unknown to this day. Although these archival materials present invaluable resources for the modern archaeologist, they cannot be studied without critical evaluation. The present contribution focuses on two key aspects of this critical approach: (a) The historical context in which the excavations and documentation were carried out. Over the course of twenty years, the quality of the documentation fluctuates with current events. Archaeologists usually believe that the passing of Dante Vaglieri in December 1913 marked a turning point in the way that the excavation was documented. The situation turns out to be more complex in light of the larger historical context. Two events were as important as Vaglieri's death in determining the course of the archaeological excavations at the mouth of the Tiber: the outbreak of World War I and the construction of Ostia Nuova (modern Lido di Ostia). By comparing the excavation journals with the correspondence preserved in various Roman archives (Central State Archives, State Archives of Rome, Capitoline Historical Archives) it appears that these other events also had real consequences on the excavation and the documentation; (b) the data delivered in excavation journals: descriptions, personal observations, publications. Despite the quality of the documentation in question, the scientific criteria of the time do not correspond at all to those of today. I will focus on the excavation journals written by Finelli, which represent an indispensable source. I will first define the distinction between descriptions and personal observations, which do not have the same value for today's archaeologist. Next, I will show the importance for him of reconstructing the links between written and visual documentation (drawings and photos). Finally, I will compare excerpts from the unpublished excavation journals with excerpts from the published notes in Notizie degli Scavi in order to highlight the existence of discrepancies between documentation and publication. To illustrate this second point, I will present a case study from my doctoral thesis, which is currently being published: the eastern section of the decumanus. This example highlights the contribution and limitations of the documentation under consideration, as well as the need to study and publish all available evidence.

    addClaim

    This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

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  • Authors: Dienst, Simon;
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  • Authors: Valenti, Gianluca;

    Se «le tracce d’uso possono dirci come i manufatti siano stati utilizzati dagli esseri umani» (Stoddard), allo stesso modo le glosse manoscritte forniscono preziose informazioni su come i testi antichi sono stati letti e interpretati. In particolare, i segni lasciati dai fruitori cinquecenteschi dei primi manuali di grammatica italiana potranno introdurci ai loro dubbi grammaticali, ai loro metodi di apprendimento e ai loro usi linguistici, e ci permetteranno di aggiungere alcuni tasselli alla nostra conoscenza della storia della nostra lingua. La ricerca si concentra su due monumenti della storia grammaticale italiana, le Regole di Fortunio e le Prose di Bembo, da cui è partita la grande riflessione linguistica del XVI secolo. In questo libro viene infatti esaminata una selezione di documenti composta dalle due principes e da tutte le edizioni anteriori al 1550, incluse le stampe delle Regole successive alla morte di Fortunio e le versioni contraffatte o non autorizzate delle Prose. L’analisi di tale corpus permette non solo di comprendere meglio alcuni aspetti relativi alla funzione, all’ubicazione e alla tipologia grafica delle glosse ai testi a stampa, per le quali viene tra l’altro formulata una nuova proposta tassonomica. Più in generale, attraverso la medesima analisi si perviene a delle informazioni che consentono di delineare i profili linguistici, culturali e sociali dei lettori delle prime grammatiche del volgare.

    addClaim

    This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

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