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  • Digital Humanities and Cultural Heritage
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Aline Schönenberg; Tino Prell;

    The validity of self-reported medication use in epidemiological studies is an important issue in healthcare research. Here we investigated factors influencing self-reported medication use for multiple diagnoses in the seventh wave of the Survey of Health Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) dataset in n = 77,261 participants (ages: mean = 68.47, standard deviation = 10.03 years). The influence of mental, physical, and sociodemographic parameters on medication self-report was analyzed with logistic regressions and mediation models. Depression, memory function, and polypharmacy influenced the self-report of medication use in distinct disorders to varying degrees. In addition, sociodemographic factors, knowledge about diagnosis, the presence of several chronic illnesses, and restrictions of daily instrumental activities explained the largest proportion of variance. In the mediation model, polypharmacy had an indirect effect via depression and memory on self-reported medication use. Factors influencing medication self-report vary between different diagnoses, highlighting the complexity of medication knowledge. Therefore, it is essential to assess the individual parameters and their effect on medication behavior. Relying solely on medication self-reports is insufficient, as there is no way to gage their reliability. Thus, self-reported medication intake should be used with caution to indicate the actual medication knowledge and use.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Europe PubMed Centra...arrow_drop_down
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    Healthcare
    Article . 2021
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    Article . 2021
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    Article . 2021
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Europe PubMed Centra...arrow_drop_down
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      Healthcare
      Article . 2021
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      Article . 2021
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Bartkutė, Roberta;

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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ edoc-Server. Open-Ac...arrow_drop_down
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ edoc-Server. Open-Ac...arrow_drop_down
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    Authors: Irine Beridze;

    The Georgian VIA scene presents itself as a complex case study: the dynamics shaping it go beyond the much-discussed ideologisation of the musical genre of VIA, and beyond a clear-cut dichotomy of ���official/unofficial��� culture. Instead, Georgian VIAS of the 1960s and 1970s were able to find their own ways to express poetic and aesthetic qualities of Georgian national culture under the Soviet regime. Making use of spaces between submission to and subversion of the Soviet power, they created and thus founded the Georgian popular music tradition with its historical, linguistic and cultural specificity. Georgian VIAs such as Orera, Dielo, Iveria performed mostly in Georgian and were able to sing about their nation���s history and its struggle for independence. With the help of the poetic, aesthetic and musical strategies analysed in this article, they distanced themselves from the Russian-speaking centre and created their own national peripheral musical discourse. Apparatus. Film, Media and Digital Cultures of Central and Eastern Europe, No. 13 (2021): Putting the Empire to Music. The Phenomenon of Vocal-Instrumental Ensembles (VIA)

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ OpenAPC Global Initi...arrow_drop_down
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    Article . Conference object . 2021
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ OpenAPC Global Initi...arrow_drop_down
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      Article . Conference object . 2021
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: E. Krsnik; E. Krsnik; K. Methner; K. Methner; +9 Authors

    Reconstructing Oligocene–Miocene paleoelevation contributes to our understanding of the evolutionary history of the European Alps and sheds light on geodynamic and Earth surface processes involved in the development of Alpine topography. Despite being one of the most intensively explored mountain ranges worldwide, constraints on the elevation history of the European Alps remain scarce. Here we present stable and clumped isotope measurements to provide a new paleoelevation estimate for the mid-Miocene (∼14.5 Ma) European Central Alps. We apply stable isotope δ–δ paleoaltimetry to near-sea-level pedogenic carbonate oxygen isotope (δ18O) records from the Northern Alpine Foreland Basin (Swiss Molasse Basin) and high-Alpine phyllosilicate hydrogen isotope (δD) records from the Simplon Fault Zone (Swiss Alps). We further explore Miocene paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental conditions in the Swiss Molasse Basin through carbonate stable (δ18O, δ13C) and clumped (Δ47) isotope data from three foreland basin sections in different alluvial megafan settings (proximal, mid-fan, and distal). Combined pedogenic carbonate δ18O values and Δ47 temperatures (30±5 ∘C) yield a near-sea-level precipitation δ18Ow value of -5.8±1.2 ‰ and, in conjunction with the high-Alpine phyllosilicate δD value of -14.6±0.3 ‰, suggest that the region surrounding the Simplon Fault Zone attained surface elevations of >4000 m no later than the mid-Miocene. Our near-sea-level δ18Ow estimate is supported by paleoclimate (iGCM ECHAM5-wiso) modeled δ18O values, which vary between −4.2 ‰ and −7.6 ‰ for the Northern Alpine Foreland Basin.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Solid Eartharrow_drop_down
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    Article . 2021
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    Article . 2021
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      Article . 2021
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Manuel Ghilarducci;

    In the Soviet Union, Italy was perceived as ���the country of music���. Soviet Estrada artists used to travel to Italy to study music or take part in music festivals (Festival di Napoli, Sanremo); the good political relations between the Soviet and the Italian Communist Party and the strong diffusion of Italian Neorealist cinema in the USSR contributed to the formation of an italomania which can be still observed today. During the 1960s, Italian popular music and Neapolitan canzone were intensively received, diffused and covered in the Soviet Union. At the end of the 1960s/beginning of the 1970s, this reception proved itself to be crucial in the development of the Soviet VIAs. Analysing songs structures, lyrics, album covers and flexi-discs included in popular magazines, the article analyses the modi of this reception based on three case studies: Anna German���s diffusion of Neapolitan music in the Soviet Estrada scene; Robertino Loreti���s Soviet canonization as the ���singer of the stars���; Gianni Morandi���s and Marino Marini���s influence on the music and aesthetics of two of the first Soviet VIAs, Poiushchie gitary and Orera. Apparatus. Film, Media and Digital Cultures of Central and Eastern Europe, No. 13 (2021): Putting the Empire to Music. The Phenomenon of Vocal-Instrumental Ensembles (VIA)

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ edoc-Server. Open-Ac...arrow_drop_down
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    https://doi.org/10.17892/app.2...
    Article . 2021
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    https://doi.org/10.18452/26822...
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      https://doi.org/10.17892/app.2...
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    Authors: Cerra, Daniele; Massa, Michele; Auer, Stefan;
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    Authors: Cerra, Daniele; Gege, Peter; Evagorou, Evagoras; Agapiou, Athos; +1 Authors
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    Authors: Lemma, David;

    The field of Electronic Design Automation (EDA) is a growing field whose growth is fueled, among many factors, by the ever increasing number of Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC) that are required by digital systems. Amidst the current explosion in the design and production of Internet of Things (IoT) (typically battery powered devices), the need for power-aware design has reached critical importance. The need for a holistic view (power-aware) of the implications and challenges brought forth by the need to curb and properly manage power consumption power has revealed a need for the EDA field to explore system-level top-down based methodologies. As a response to the needs, this document presents two frameworks based on specification analysis at the system-level in order to address the holistic view of power-aware design. One of the frameworks focuses on system-level specifications written in natural language (ie. English), whereas the other focuses on system-level specifications written in a technical language (ie. SystemC). The frameworks are shown to be able to analyze these types of system-level specifications so as to aid designers in power-aware ASIC design. These frameworks encapsulate the contributions of this thesis, which are defined by the proper devising of analytical rules to parse the system-level specification so as to extract the basic underlying Power Management Strategy (PMS) laid out of by the specification under analysis. Use cases show the effectiveness of the frameworks in aiding designers targetting typical ASIC elements such as a bus, a port processor, encoders and a processor centric programmable System-on-Chip (SoC), all of them typical components of IoT devices. The document ends with a conclusion summarizing the work and pointing to possible future extensions to the frameworks and general research lines that are possibles avenues for developments in the field of specification analysis for power-aware system-level ASIC design.

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    https://doi.org/10.26092/elib/...
    Doctoral thesis . 2021
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    Authors: Reimer, Maximilian;

    In recent years, deep learning models have become very powerful – even outperforming humans on a variety of tasks. This enables more real-world applications, including also sensitive fields such as medical diagnoses or jurisdiction. Besides achieving sufficiently good performance, the requirement to justify and explain the models’ decisions is becoming increasingly important. This work aims to enable a broader application of a specific model class that is inherently interpretable, namely explain-then-predict models, by reducing the annotation cost of the explanations. We focus on the ExPred model as a representative of explain-then-predict models. We investigate its dependency on rationale annotations, a special kind of explanation, through training using gradually fewer rationale-labeled instances. Furthermore, we ex- plore different approaches that aim to reduce the number of human-labeled instances required during training, such as active learning and weak supervision. Our results show that even with only a fraction of instances annotated with rationales from the original dataset, ExPred still achieves good performance (within 95% of the performance when using 100% annotation). Depending on the dataset, only a few thousand annotated rationales are required. Using weak supervision, this can be further reduced, at least in specific settings. On the Movie Reviews dataset, we achieve good performance with only 5% of the original rational labels. The tested off-the-shelf active learning methods do not provide any benefit over randomly selecting instances to label. However, the extensive behavior analysis enables the future design of active learning methods that are tailored to explain-then-predict models. We start by proposing an active learning method that outperforms the random baseline on the Movie Reviews dataset.

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    https://doi.org/10.15488/11526...
    Master thesis . 2021
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      https://doi.org/10.15488/11526...
      Master thesis . 2021
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    Authors: Pannach, Franziska; Dönicke, Tillmann;

    This paper describes the efforts in solving the Shared Task on the Disambiguation of German Verbal Idioms at KONVENS 2021. It presents the team's efforts to extend the training data semi-automatically. The disambigua- tion task was solved using XLM-RoBERTa, which delivered the best results with 0.76 f1- Score on all tested non-idiomatic instances in the test set. The baseline model, a linear SVM, achieves 0.55 f1-Score. Furthermore, additional data was collected to enhance the training data set with respect to literal use of idiomatic expressions. While the baseline model improves slightly with additional training data, the XLM-RoBERTa model performs better when only the core training data is provided.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Aline Schönenberg; Tino Prell;

    The validity of self-reported medication use in epidemiological studies is an important issue in healthcare research. Here we investigated factors influencing self-reported medication use for multiple diagnoses in the seventh wave of the Survey of Health Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) dataset in n = 77,261 participants (ages: mean = 68.47, standard deviation = 10.03 years). The influence of mental, physical, and sociodemographic parameters on medication self-report was analyzed with logistic regressions and mediation models. Depression, memory function, and polypharmacy influenced the self-report of medication use in distinct disorders to varying degrees. In addition, sociodemographic factors, knowledge about diagnosis, the presence of several chronic illnesses, and restrictions of daily instrumental activities explained the largest proportion of variance. In the mediation model, polypharmacy had an indirect effect via depression and memory on self-reported medication use. Factors influencing medication self-report vary between different diagnoses, highlighting the complexity of medication knowledge. Therefore, it is essential to assess the individual parameters and their effect on medication behavior. Relying solely on medication self-reports is insufficient, as there is no way to gage their reliability. Thus, self-reported medication intake should be used with caution to indicate the actual medication knowledge and use.

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    Healthcare
    Article . 2021
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Bartkutė, Roberta;

    Peer Reviewed

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    Authors: Irine Beridze;

    The Georgian VIA scene presents itself as a complex case study: the dynamics shaping it go beyond the much-discussed ideologisation of the musical genre of VIA, and beyond a clear-cut dichotomy of ���official/unofficial��� culture. Instead, Georgian VIAS of the 1960s and 1970s were able to find their own ways to express poetic and aesthetic qualities of Georgian national culture under the Soviet regime. Making use of spaces between submission to and subversion of the Soviet power, they created and thus founded the Georgian popular music tradition with its historical, linguistic and cultural specificity. Georgian VIAs such as Orera, Dielo, Iveria performed mostly in Georgian and were able to sing about their nation���s history and its struggle for independence. With the help of the poetic, aesthetic and musical strategies analysed in this article, they distanced themselves from the Russian-speaking centre and created their own national peripheral musical discourse. Apparatus. Film, Media and Digital Cultures of Central and Eastern Europe, No. 13 (2021): Putting the Empire to Music. The Phenomenon of Vocal-Instrumental Ensembles (VIA)

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    Authors: E. Krsnik; E. Krsnik; K. Methner; K. Methner; +9 Authors

    Reconstructing Oligocene–Miocene paleoelevation contributes to our understanding of the evolutionary history of the European Alps and sheds light on geodynamic and Earth surface processes involved in the development of Alpine topography. Despite being one of the most intensively explored mountain ranges worldwide, constraints on the elevation history of the European Alps remain scarce. Here we present stable and clumped isotope measurements to provide a new paleoelevation estimate for the mid-Miocene (∼14.5 Ma) European Central Alps. We apply stable isotope δ–δ paleoaltimetry to near-sea-level pedogenic carbonate oxygen isotope (δ18O) records from the Northern Alpine Foreland Basin (Swiss Molasse Basin) and high-Alpine phyllosilicate hydrogen isotope (δD) records from the Simplon Fault Zone (Swiss Alps). We further explore Miocene paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental conditions in the Swiss Molasse Basin through carbonate stable (δ18O, δ13C) and clumped (Δ47) isotope data from three foreland basin sections in different alluvial megafan settings (proximal, mid-fan, and distal). Combined pedogenic carbonate δ18O values and Δ47 temperatures (30±5 ∘C) yield a near-sea-level precipitation δ18Ow value of -5.8±1.2 ‰ and, in conjunction with the high-Alpine phyllosilicate δD value of -14.6±0.3 ‰, suggest that the region surrounding the Simplon Fault Zone attained surface elevations of >4000 m no later than the mid-Miocene. Our near-sea-level δ18Ow estimate is supported by paleoclimate (iGCM ECHAM5-wiso) modeled δ18O values, which vary between −4.2 ‰ and −7.6 ‰ for the Northern Alpine Foreland Basin.

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    Authors: Manuel Ghilarducci;

    In the Soviet Union, Italy was perceived as ���the country of music���. Soviet Estrada artists used to travel to Italy to study music or take part in music festivals (Festival di Napoli, Sanremo); the good political relations between the Soviet and the Italian Communist Party and the strong diffusion of Italian Neorealist cinema in the USSR contributed to the formation of an italomania which can be still observed today. During the 1960s, Italian popular music and Neapolitan canzone were intensively received, diffused and covered in the Soviet Union. At the end of the 1960s/beginning of the 1970s, this reception proved itself to be crucial in the development of the Soviet VIAs. Analysing songs structures, lyrics, album covers and flexi-discs included in popular magazines, the article analyses the modi of this reception based on three case studies: Anna German���s diffusion of Neapolitan music in the Soviet Estrada scene; Robertino Loreti���s Soviet canonization as the ���singer of the stars���; Gianni Morandi���s and Marino Marini���s influence on the music and aesthetics of two of the first Soviet VIAs, Poiushchie gitary and Orera. Apparatus. Film, Media and Digital Cultures of Central and Eastern Europe, No. 13 (2021): Putting the Empire to Music. The Phenomenon of Vocal-Instrumental Ensembles (VIA)

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    https://doi.org/10.17892/app.2...
    Article . 2021
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    https://doi.org/10.18452/26822...
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      https://doi.org/10.17892/app.2...
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      https://doi.org/10.18452/26822...
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    Authors: Cerra, Daniele; Massa, Michele; Auer, Stefan;
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    Authors: Cerra, Daniele; Gege, Peter; Evagorou, Evagoras; Agapiou, Athos; +1 Authors
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    Authors: Lemma, David;

    The field of Electronic Design Automation (EDA) is a growing field whose growth is fueled, among many factors, by the ever increasing number of Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC) that are required by digital systems. Amidst the current explosion in the design and production of Internet of Things (IoT) (typically battery powered devices), the need for power-aware design has reached critical importance. The need for a holistic view (power-aware) of the implications and challenges brought forth by the need to curb and properly manage power consumption power has revealed a need for the EDA field to explore system-level top-down based methodologies. As a response to the needs, this document presents two frameworks based on specification analysis at the system-level in order to address the holistic view of power-aware design. One of the frameworks focuses on system-level specifications written in natural language (ie. English), whereas the other focuses on system-level specifications written in a technical language (ie. SystemC). The frameworks are shown to be able to analyze these types of system-level specifications so as to aid designers in power-aware ASIC design. These frameworks encapsulate the contributions of this thesis, which are defined by the proper devising of analytical rules to parse the system-level specification so as to extract the basic underlying Power Management Strategy (PMS) laid out of by the specification under analysis. Use cases show the effectiveness of the frameworks in aiding designers targetting typical ASIC elements such as a bus, a port processor, encoders and a processor centric programmable System-on-Chip (SoC), all of them typical components of IoT devices. The document ends with a conclusion summarizing the work and pointing to possible future extensions to the frameworks and general research lines that are possibles avenues for developments in the field of specification analysis for power-aware system-level ASIC design.

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    https://doi.org/10.26092/elib/...
    Doctoral thesis . 2021
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    Authors: Reimer, Maximilian;

    In recent years, deep learning models have become very powerful – even outperforming humans on a variety of tasks. This enables more real-world applications, including also sensitive fields such as medical diagnoses or jurisdiction. Besides achieving sufficiently good performance, the requirement to justify and explain the models’ decisions is becoming increasingly important. This work aims to enable a broader application of a specific model class that is inherently interpretable, namely explain-then-predict models, by reducing the annotation cost of the explanations. We focus on the ExPred model as a representative of explain-then-predict models. We investigate its dependency on rationale annotations, a special kind of explanation, through training using gradually fewer rationale-labeled instances. Furthermore, we ex- plore different approaches that aim to reduce the number of human-labeled instances required during training, such as active learning and weak supervision. Our results show that even with only a fraction of instances annotated with rationales from the original dataset, ExPred still achieves good performance (within 95% of the performance when using 100% annotation). Depending on the dataset, only a few thousand annotated rationales are required. Using weak supervision, this can be further reduced, at least in specific settings. On the Movie Reviews dataset, we achieve good performance with only 5% of the original rational labels. The tested off-the-shelf active learning methods do not provide any benefit over randomly selecting instances to label. However, the extensive behavior analysis enables the future design of active learning methods that are tailored to explain-then-predict models. We start by proposing an active learning method that outperforms the random baseline on the Movie Reviews dataset.

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    https://doi.org/10.15488/11526...
    Master thesis . 2021
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    Authors: Pannach, Franziska; Dönicke, Tillmann;

    This paper describes the efforts in solving the Shared Task on the Disambiguation of German Verbal Idioms at KONVENS 2021. It presents the team's efforts to extend the training data semi-automatically. The disambigua- tion task was solved using XLM-RoBERTa, which delivered the best results with 0.76 f1- Score on all tested non-idiomatic instances in the test set. The baseline model, a linear SVM, achieves 0.55 f1-Score. Furthermore, additional data was collected to enhance the training data set with respect to literal use of idiomatic expressions. While the baseline model improves slightly with additional training data, the XLM-RoBERTa model performs better when only the core training data is provided.

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