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Collection of 29 graphs of FTIR analyses of samples from combustion structures of Tossal de la Vila (La Serra d’en Galceran, Castellón) and Masies de Sant Miquel (Banyeres del Penedès, Tarragona, Spain). FTIR Analyses have been carried out at the Archaeometry Laboratory of the Faculty of Geography and History, University of Barcelona. Specifically, for the preparation of the samples, a 2-tonne press, model SC-03940 Mini-Pellet Press from Teknokroma has been used, and to apply this technique, an iS5 spectrometer from Thermo Fisher Scientific. The software used for the interpretation of the spectra was OMNIC and the mineral database used is available at the Kimmel Centre for Archaeological Science (Weizmann Institute of Sciences).

The morphological variability of large cutting tools (LCT) during the Middle Pleistocene has been traditionally associated with two main variables: raw material constraints and reduction intensity. Boxgrove - c.500ka - is one of the most informative sites at which to analyze shaping strategies and handaxe morphological variability in the European Middle Pleistocene, because of the large number of finished handaxes, and the presence of complete operational chains. We focused on the entire handaxe and rough-out sample from Boxgrove-Q1/B with the aim of assessing the role of raw material characteristics - size, form, and homogeneity of nodules - in the shaping process, and to ascertain if they represent real constraints in the production of handaxes. Additionally, given the large number of handaxes and the intensity of the thinning work at Boxgrove, we also aimed to determine if reduction intensity affected the final shape to the degree that some authors have previously postulated. The methodology combines traditional technological descriptions, metrical analysis, and experimental reproduction of shaping processes together with geometric morphometry and PCA. The conclusions we draw are that the Q1/B handaxe knapping strategies were flexible and adapted to the characteristics of the blanks. These characteristics affected the reduction strategy but there is no clear relationship between initial nodule or blank morphology and final handaxe shape. Throughout the experiments, we explored the capacity to solve problems arising from reduction accidents, which led to re-configuring the knapping strategy to achieve the predetermined mental template. Furthermore, no substantial morphological differences related to reduction intensity were noticed with the Q1/B handaxes. Systematic r

El convento femenino de Bargota del priorato del Hospital de Navarra se desarrolló entre los siglos xiv y xv alrededor de una encomienda, inicialmente masculina, y un hospital para peregrinos en la ruta jacobea. Este artículo propone un estudio que va más allá de la trayectoria histórica de esta corporación y centra el análisis en su encaje e imagen en el marco institucional sanjuanista, según refleja un curioso memorial conservado en el ahn. Dicho relato, escrito a mediados del siglo xv, en tiempos del traslado de la comunidad al Crucifijo de Puente la Reina, reformuló intencionadamente el origen e identidad de la comunidad de mujeres para resaltar sus principios fundacionales

El Pla de Barris posa en marxa projectes amb el veïnat per reivindicar la memòria històrica i popular dels barris

Nowadays, the fruitful discussion regarding the morphological variability of handaxes during the Middle Pleistocene has reached a decisive moment with the use of more accurate statistical methods, such as geometric morphometrics (GM) and multivariate analyses (MA). This paper presents a preliminary methodological approach for checking the utility of these new approaches on the analysis of the tools. shape. It goes beyond the simple description of morphology and isolates the variables which define the final morphology of a tool. We compared two Middle Pleistocene sites, Boxgrove and Swanscombe, which are morphologically very different. Then, we applied the GM analysis on 1) 2D images, with two semi-landmark distributions: 28 semi-landmarks, specially concentrated on the tip and butt, and 60 equally spaced points; and 2) on 3D models using a new software (AGMT3-D Software) including 5000 semi-landmarks. The more points used to define the tool's outline, the more accurate will be the interpretation of the variables affecting shape. On the other hand, if the semi-landmarks are localized on specific sectors of the tool, a bias is created, by concentrating on those sectors, rather than the general tool shape. The 3D models offer a new dimension on the shape analysis, as their results mean the combination of plan-shape, profile-shape and the tool's topography.

El presente volumen de revista PH está dedicado al patrimonio paleontológico de España. En él se describe, desde la perspectiva de profesionales cualificados, investigadores y académicos de larga trayectoria profesional y reconocida experiencia, la importancia de los registros fósiles de nuestro país, tanto marinos como continentales. Con ello se pretende explicar, en el contenido de un número monográfico, las principales cuencas sedimentarias y yacimientos de las distintas épocas de la historia geológica en la Península Ibérica.

El objeto de este artículo no es valorar globalmente la metodología del arquitecto Torres Balbás, sobre la cual se han realizado aproximaciones con diversos matices. Lo que aquí se aborda es un aspecto muy concreto, el de cómo conservar la sedimentación histórica en un monumento y qué requisitos es preciso reunir para poder tomar decisiones en materia tan delicada. Su pesimismo hacia la formación de la mayoría de los arquitectos españoles le llevó a defender una elevada prudencia y un fuerte control de instancias superiores. Por el contrario, sí confiaba en sus propias capacidades y hay, en consecuencia, un contraste entre algunos de sus textos, que llaman a una estricta contención conservadora, y una práctica mucho más activa en la que, apoyándose en rigurosos estudios, procede a suprimir de manera selectiva ciertos elementos para lograr una mejor lectura del edificio y realzar sus valores artísticos. It is not the purpose of this article to value the methodology of the architect Torres Balbás, which has been so far studied with various nuances. A very specific topic is indeed here investigated: how to preserve the historical stratification in a monument and what requirements are necessary to take decisions on such delicate matter. His pessimism towards the formation of the majority of Spanish architects led him to defend a high prudence and a strong control of the authorities. On the contrary, he did trust his own capacities and it can be therefore observed a contrast between some of his writings asking for a strict conservative containment and, on the other hand, a very active practice based on rigorous studies and that proceeds to suppress some elements to achieve thus a better understanding of the building and to enhance its artistic values.

Background Cardio-vascular disease and depression are thought to be closely related, due to shared risk factors. The aim of the study was to determine the association between cardio-vascular risk (CVR) factors and depressive status in a population (55–75 years) with metabolic syndrome (MetS) from the PREDIMED-Plus trial. Methods and findings Participants were classified into three groups of CVR according to the Framingham-based REGICOR function: (1) low (LR), (2) medium (MR) or (3) high/very high (HR). The Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) was used to assess depressive symptoms at baseline and after 2 years. The association between CVR and depressive status at baseline (n = 6545), and their changes after 2 years (n = 4566) were evaluated through multivariable regression models (logistic and linear models). HR women showed higher odds of depressive status than LR [OR (95% CI) = 1.78 (1.26, 2.50)]. MR and HR participants with total cholesterol <160 mg/mL showed higher odds of depression than LR [OR (95% CI) = 1.77 (1.13, 2.77) and 2.83 (1.25, 6.42) respectively)] but those with total cholesterol ≥280 mg/mL showed lower odds of depression than LR [OR (95% CI) = 0.26 (0.07, 0.98) and 0.23 (0.05, 0.95), respectively]. All participants decreased their BDI-II score after 2 years, being the decrease smaller in MR and HR diabetic compared to LR [adjusted mean±SE = -0.52±0.20, -0.41 ±0.27 and -1.25±0.31 respectively). MR and HR participants with total cholesterol between 240–279 mg/mL showed greater decreases in the BDI-II score compared to LR (adjusted mean±SE = -0.83±0.37, -0.77±0.64 and 0.97±0.52 respectively). Conclusions Improving cardiovascular health could prevent the onset of depression in the elderly. Diabetes and total cholesterol in individuals at high CVR, may pla

La participación ciudadana a lo largo del desarrollo de los proyectos de investigación ha demostrado aumentar el impacto social de la ciencia. Los procesos de cocreación promueven un impacto social más significativo al alinear la investigación con las necesidades sociales. En los últimos años se han identificado importantes avances en materia de participación ciudadana en la ciencia. Sin embargo, todavía existen importantes retos que limitan la interacción de la ciudadanía con las creaciones científicas. Este artículo recoge algunas de las aportaciones de la red Net4Impact frente a estos retos. Concretamente, analizamos los procesos de cocreación desarrollados por proyectos que han demostrado impacto social. Este estudio cualitativo se basa en el análisis de Webinars, reuniones con investigadores de diferentes áreas científicas y en el Análisis de Contenido Comunicativo. Como resultado, este trabajo ofrece seis ejemplos de impacto social en tres áreas científicas: ciencias sociales, humanidades e ingeniería. Además, se analizan las características e implicaciones de los distintos procesos de cocreación desarrollados por estos proyectos exitosos.

The aim of this article is to analyse the roots of the Catalonia health reform, whose first projects on reform have been documented since 1917. This historical process set-up, in Catalonia, a hospital-centric model involving three sets of regenerating and mutually reinforcing institutions: financial resources were being disproportionally distributed to hospitals, high-quality medical professionals were largely concentrated in hospitals and large outpatient departments were incorporated in hospitals, which functioned as a first point of care for many patients. Based on these premises, the intention is to contribute to the understanding of the initiatives that, during much of the 20th century, took place in Catalonia with the aim of bringing access to hospital services to the population. These same organising principles also had decisive influence on hospital planning in the rest of Spain. As such, we develop an historical approach to public policies that have been shaping the current imbalance between hospitals and primary care providers in Catalonia by combining two methodologies. On the one hand, an overview of the existing literature on this topic. On the other, an accumulation of case studies –which does not claim to be exhaustive– the result of this very research and that of other specialists in the object of study. As Catalonia still has a hospital-centric health system seeded throughout the 20th century, these findings can inform the framing of contemporary options for primary care strengthening. Without addressing these deep regenerating causes using a whole-system approach, Catalonia is unlikely to achieve a primary care orientation for health system development.