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This research focuses on Hasan Hanafi's thought study of "Epistemological Reconstruction of the Science of Jurisprudence Based on Historical Sciences". From the results of the study found several findings; 1). Hasan Hanafi is a figure who is very concerned about efforts to revive the spirit and spirit (revitalization) of Ushul Fiqh Science by using a historical approach. According to him the dimensions of history and humanity are important factors in order to approach the conceptions and methodology of the Ummah of Fiqh. Actually the historical and human dimensions are found in the standard methodology of the Ummah Fiqh, but this historical dimension has long been "extinct" and detached from the Ushul Fiqh when the development process of Science took place and manifested itself in the process of developing this knowledge. So that in fact according to Hasan Hanafi, the historical dimension is essentially manifested in all elements of Usul Fiqh, namely in ill adillah syar'iyah, thuruq al istinbat and al ahkam al syar'iiyah. This historical dimension is represented by Hasan Hanafi with both keywords, namely "history" and "human"; 2). Hasan Hanafi is a person who cares about the existence of the Science of Ushul Fiqh, in order that he says the importance of efforts to revitalize the Ushul Fiqh methodology. Revitalization in Hasan Hanafi's thinking is an attempt to renew and adjust the methodology of the Ummah of Fiqh based on the conditions of social settings and the realities of humanity and the developing sciences, but this effort starts from tradition and the treasure of the Ushul Fiqh methodology built by earlier scholars. With such efforts, it is hoped that the renewal of the methodology of the Uthul Fiqh on the one hand can solve contemporary legal problems that are increasingly complicated, but on the other hand are not uprooted from the roots and genealogy of the Ushul Fiqh methodology; 3). The thought of the Ushul Fiqh Hasan Hanafi is very relevant to the efforts to reactualize Islamic law. This is because there is a deep "awkwardness" in the thought of Usul Fiqh so that in the actual reality the Science of Usul Fiqh has been frozen. The significance of the thought of Ushul Fiqh Hasan Hanafi lies in the effort to revive the vital spirit and spirit of this Science by using a historical approach. That is, that the human and historical dimensions are one thing that must be involved in the legal process; 4). The historical thinking of the Ustadh Fiqh Hasan Hanafi which is covered in the human dimension and history actually has roots in Hasan Hanafi's thoughts and projects about al Turas wa al Tajdid (Tradition and Renewal). Because of the loss of the human dimension and history in the tradition and the treasures of Muslim thought are the main problems which are the cause of the lack of progressivity in the traditions and actions of Muslims.

This academic article aims to 1) study the history of the national marching band contest; 2) the development of the national marching band contest. The results showed that National Marching Band Contest has been held from 1982 until the present. The contest in the early age from 1982 to 1993 is divided into three categories: Category A, Men, Category B, Men and Women, Category C, Women. The winning marching band will receive a royal trophy. In addition, the marching band has to play three songs at the Supachalasai Stadium: royal song (Rama IX), Thai Thao song or Prelude song, and a selected song according to preference, continuing with the march music: sports ground music, and Thai Military Bank (TMB) song which is a compulsory one. The marching band contest has been developed because the contest management activity is an important factor in the development of standards for marching bands to grow rapidly at the national level from an early age to the present.

The objective of this research is to describe history of school leadership at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri Bintuhan from 2009 – 2014. The method of this research used history study.The technique of collection data were interview, observation and documentation. Analysis data were data reduction, data display, and conclusion. The conclusions of this research that were thehistorical leadership at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri Bintuhan 2000-2014 met the requirements specified by the standard in accordance with the ministerial regulation no. 13 of 2007. Leadership headmaster from 2000-2014, the history of the journey has reached fourteen years, with a period of fourteen years at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri Bintuhan has happened five times changes of leadership.

Madrasah term in Indonesia nowadays known as religious education institute. Some people sometimes mistaken when understanding the meaning of madrasah because didn't understand about chronological development of madrasah itself. Therefore, emerge dichotomy between madrasah (religious education) with secular education. Some people presume that learning at madrasah only to master other-world (akhirat) science, whereas learning at secular education mean to master worldly matter. This dichotomy if let prolonged will trigger conflict. Actually there's long history that make madrasah still exist until now as education institution. From this argument, this article will describe history of madrasah in Indonesia and its development.

Edisi desember dari majalah Internasional National Geographic (2017) mengangkat suatu topic yang telah menantang ribuan bahkan jutaan pemikir, teolog, dan ahli sejarah, yakni kontroversi seputar siapakah Yesus dari Nazaret. Sebagai sebuah majalah semi-ilmiah dengan tiras yang cukup besar, tentu kita mesti mengangkat jempol atas keberanian majalah tersebut untuk mengangkat topik yang bagi sebagian orang disebut ‘politically incorrect.”

The article provides information about the events of the historical past, works dedicated to historical figures living in the recent or distant past, portrait compositions, works of Uzbek portrait painters. You can find information about some of the works from the historical past in world literature.

This research aims at analyzing Factors that affect the society to not use coins as a transaction medium in Pulau Morotai Regency. The subjects of this research consist of people who reside in Pulau Morotai. The variables in this research consist of the dependent variable (coins) and independent variables (inflation, society perception, and the efficiency of coins). The samples consist of 100 respondents selected using simple random sampling. The analysis method uses multiple linear regression. Based on the analysis, it shows that inflation, society's perception, and coins efficiency affect the use of coins. Partially, inflation and society perception affect the use of coins, while coins efficiency does not significantly affect the use of coins.

Penelitian ini bertujuan menginventarisasi tinggalan budaya di Situs Parumasan Ciamis yang berhubungan dengan aspek kearifan lokal pada masyarakat tradisional yang tinggal di sekitar situs. Fokus kajian ditujukan pada tinggalan budaya materi dan non materi dalam konsepsi budaya masa lalu, termasuk pengelolaan lahan yang disakralkan dan yang lebih bersifat profan bagi masyarakat sekitar, yang diterapkan dalam kehidupan mereka sehari-hari. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian budaya, dengan pendekatan arkeologis secara deskriptif dan penalaran induktif. Cara pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan survei atau pengamatan langsung terhadap Situs Parumasan. Untuk memahami lebih jauh pandangan masyarakat terhadap keberadaan Situs Parumasan, dilakukan pula wawancara dengan Juru Kunci Parumasan dan masyarakat setempat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya kearifan lokal berdasarkan tinggalan arkeologis, makna ritual keagamaan, dan upacara adat di antaranya terjaganya kelestarian alam dan keberlangsungan hidup yang nyaman dan aman.

Banten after the Second Dutch Military Aggression. The aim of this researh is to expose the phenomenon in Banten Residency after the Dutch occupied the region. There are four steps used in this research, i.e. collecting historical sources (heuristic), critique, interpretation and historiography (writing the history). This research result that the two sides of the civil government did not work well. Not long after Banten was occupied by the Dutch, several prominent Bantenese figures, especially those who were pro-Dutch discussed the future status of the region. The Information Department of Banten Residency who was pro-Dutch offered several alternatives for the people of Banten to choose. The alternatives were: (1) Banten became the 13th province of the Dutch Kingdom; (2) Banten joined the United States of Indonesia as a state or got a special status; (3) Banten indirectly joined the United States of Indonesia. First this region joined the state of Pasundan or the Federal District of Jakarta. If Banten joined the state of Pasundan, there are two options, firstly this district as a residency or secondly, as a state or an exclusive territory. Those alternatives were presented to the People Representative Board of Banten for the people to choose and to appoint a delegation who would present their choice to the Round Table Conference in the Hague (Den Haag). But the body did not follow the aspiration of the representative board. This body just had to wait for the conference decision. Based on the conference decision, Banten remained as a part of the Republic of Indonesia which was a state in the United States of Indonesia.

India has the second-largest tribal population after Africa. Most of them are greatly dependent on forests and their produce for their livelihood. Indian Forest Act of 1865 was the first attempt of colonial govt. to assert a monopoly right over forest resources. By the act of 1878, the customary rights of the villagers were denied. In the post-colonial period, the national forest policy of 1952 also asserted the monopoly of the state over the forest in the new brand ‘national interest'. There is a sharp rise in the production of industrial and fuelwood. The blind acceptance of the colonial policy of practice of monoculture and denial of customary rights to the forest dwellers destroys the ecological balance, and make them ecological refugee. There is a shift of policy towards commercial interest and export-oriented forest management. But this strategy shift is invariably against the interest of the tribal community who inhabit forest areas. There is growing use of Minor Forest Produce (MFP) for different purposes but the profits are reaped by processing industries while collectors of MFP would get wages at subsistence level. The loss of control over resources often compels the tribe to use the forest in an unsustainable Fashion leading to an alienation of man and forest. This paper spotlights how do the exogenous changes in different forested areas badly hamper allocation of food, fuel, fodder, medicine and even ritual rights of the tribal community and their relation with the forest.