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  • Digital Humanities and Cultural Heritage
  • 2013-2022
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Bončkutė, Roma;

    The article investigates the source of the historiographical topic of heroic paganism in the laments/elegies of Dionizas Poška (1764–1830). It is known that Poška read the manuscript of the first history of Lithuania (1822) by Simonas Daukantas (1793–1864). The article hypothesises that the choice of Poška’s written language ‘to lean towards the Samogitian dialect’, and the increase in a lexicon characteristic of the historiographical genre in the laments, are connected with his reading Daukantas’ manuscript. Since until now researchers into Daukantas’ legacy do not agree on the date of the completion of his first manuscript history, it is believed that research of this kind will make it possible to clarify it. The research leads to the conclusion that Poška read the ‘History of Lithuania’ by Daukantas in 1824, because in verse dating from that year we find a lexicon which is characteristic of Daukantas’ work. In elegies written after 1824, Poška found Lithuanian equivalents of the traditional topics of the heroic and lost nation, which are often taken from the text of Daukantas, and are not literal translations of Polish literature. Daukantas’ text inspired Poška to talk about a lost Golden Age, and so he can be considered a pioneer of Lithuanian historical elegy. Following Daukantas, the poet learned to replace rhetorical writing with an authentic expression of thought characteristic of Romantic authors. Straipsnyje tiriamas Dionizo Poškos (1764–1830) raudų / elegijų herojiškos pagonybės istorinės topikos šaltinis. Yra žinoma, kad D. Poška skaitė Simono Daukanto (1793–1864) pirmosios Lietuvos istorijos (1822) rankraštį. Straipsnyje iškeliama hipotezė, kad D. Poškos rašomosios kalbos pasirinkimas „žemaičių tarmės link“ ir raudose pagausėjusi istoriografiniam žanrui būdinga leksika sietina su S. Daukanto rankraščio skaitymu. Straipsnyje pirmiausia aptariamas D. Poškos, kaip pirmosios lietuviškos istorijos skaitytojo, patyrimas. Tada – jo elegijose aptinkami S. Daukanto veikalui būdingi elementai. Tyrime prieinama prie išvados, kad D. Poška S. Daukanto Lietuvos istoriją skaitė 1824 m., nes tais metais datuojamuose eilėse aptinkame istorikui būdingą leksiką. Po 1824 m. rašytose elegijose tradicinei herojinės ir pražuvusios tautos topikai jis surado lietuviškus atitikmenis, kurie dažnai perimti iš S. Daukanto teksto, ir nėra pažodiniai lenkų literatūros vertimai. S. Daukanto tekstas D. Pošką įkvėpė kalbėti apie pražuvusius aukso amžius, jis laikytinas lietuviškos istorinės elegijos pradininku. Poetas, S. Daukantu sekdamas, mokėsi retorinį rašymą keisti autentiška minties raiška, būdinga romantizmo autoriams.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Viršilienė, Jurgita;

    The aim of this article is to evaluate the contribution of Lithuanian archaeologist, military officer, and writer Petras Tarasenka (1892–1962) to the exploration of hillforts. It reveals the methods employed by Tarasenka to make hillforts culturally significant heritage sites within society. The article is based on the latest historiography, archival data, and analysis of Tarasenka’s fictional works. Historical, analytical, descriptive, statistical, and content analysis methods were employed in its preparation. Three interrelated directions within Tarasenka’s work in the field of hillfort exploration are distinguished: data collection and protection, research, and popularisation. The article uncovers how Tarasenka’s approach to hillforts can apply to other forms of heritage. Straipsnio tikslas – įvertinti Lietuvos archeologo ir kariuomenės karininko, rašytojo Petro Tarasenkos (1892–1962) indėlį į piliakalnių pažinimą. Jame atskleidžiama, kokiomis jo veiklos priemonėmis piliakalniai tapo visuomenėje pastebimais kultūros paveldo objektais. Straipsnis parengtas panaudojus naujausią istoriografiją, archyvinius duomenis, išanalizavus P. Tarasenkos grožinę kūrybą. Jį rengiant naudoti istorinis, analitinis, aprašomasis, statistinis ir turinio analizės metodai. P. Tarasenkos veikloje piliakalnių pažinimo srityje išskirtos 3 tarpusavyje viena kitą papildančios kryptys: duomenų rinkimas bei apsauga, tyrimai ir populiarinimas. Straipsnyje atskleisti P. Tarasenkos naudoti būdai aktualinant piliakalnių tematiką gali būti taikomi ir kitoms paveldo rūšims.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Klaipeda University ...arrow_drop_down
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Klaipeda University ...arrow_drop_down
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  • Authors: Kancevičiūtė, Gabija;

    Bachelor Graduation Thesis object: Manors homesteads of Apytalaukis, Dotnuva, Kalnaberžė, Paberžė and Pavermenis located in Kėdainiai district. Bachelor Graduation Thesis aim: to analyze the use of selected manors of the Kėdainiai region and their lands and to determine their peculiarities. Objectives: 1. To examine the stories of manor formation; 2. To envisage perspective possibilities of abandoned manors; 3. To perform a comparative analysis of the homesteads of the manors in question. The Methods of the Bachelor Thesis: to analyze the use of selected manors of the Kėdainiai region and their lands and to determine their peculiarities. Bachelor Graduation Thesis results: in the first part of the work: the histories of the creation of five manors in Kėdainiai region were examined. in the second part of the work: the possibilities of adapting the manors are revealed. in the third part of the work: the possibilities of adapting the manors are revealed. Main conclusions: 1. It has been established that the famous nobility families and historical events living in the manors of Kėdainiai region determined the cultural heritage of the manors and its condition that has survived to this day. 2. It is envisaged that the homesteads of Apytalaukis and Pavermenis manors will be best suited for the development of recreation and tourism, and Kalnaberžė - for the social needs of society. 3. In order to determine the uniqueness of the manors, a total of 19 factors determining their distinctiveness were selected and compared. After a comparative analysis, it can be stated that the manors in Kėdainiai district are different and unique cultural heritage objects. Darbo objektas: Kėdainių rajono Apytalaukio, Dotnuvos, Kalnaberžės, Paberžės ir Pavermenio dvarų sodybos. Darbo tikslas: išanalizuoti pasirinktų Kėdainių krašto dvarų ir jų žemių naudojimą bei nustatyti jų ypatumus. Uždaviniai: 1. Išnagrinėti dvarų kūrimosi istorijas; 2. Numatyti dvarų perspektyvines naudojimo galimybes; 3. Atlikti nagrinėjamų dvarų sodybų lyginamąją analizę. Darbo metodai: literatūros šaltinių ir statistinių duomenų, kartografinių duomenų ir turinio analizės metodai. Darbo rezultatai: pirmoje darbo dalyje: išnagrinėtos penkių Kėdainių krašto dvarų kūrimosi istorijos. antroje darbo dalyje: atskleistos dvarų pritaikymo galimybės. trečioje darbo dalyje: išskirti svarbiausi dvarų sodybų ypatumai. Pagrindinės išvados: 1. Nustatyta, jog Kėdainių krašto dvaruose gyvenusios garsios bajorų giminės ir istoriniai įvykiai nulėmė iki mūsų dienų išlikusį dvarų kultūros paveldą ir jo būklę. 2. Numatyta, jog Apytalaukio ir Pavermenio dvarų sodybas tinkamiausia pritaikyti rekreacijos ir turizmo plėtrai, o Kalnaberžę – socialiniams visuomenės poreikiams. 3. Dvarų išskirtinumams nustatyti iš viso buvo atrinkta ir palyginta 19 veiksnių, lemiančių jų išskirtinumą. Atlikus lyginamąją analizę galima teigti, jog Kėdainių rajone esantys dvarai yra skirtingi ir unikalūs kultūros paveldo objektai.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Rainytė, Medeinė;

    This bachelor's thesis examines the art of performance in Lithuania. The work delves into the spread of this field of art in Lithuania, through its situation and the communication possibilities, in order to expand the research on this performance art by concentrating on the Lithuanian context.This thesis includes some work of Lithuanian and foreign authors (books, scientific articles, media and research). The work aims to study the spread of performance art in Lithuania and to determine the possibilities of communication. The work is structured as follows - three chapters, an introduction, conclusions, summaries in Lithuanian and English and an appendix with references. The first chapter describes a theoretical analysis of performance art, which consists of three sections: reviewing the concept of art through an artistic performance event, evolving art - approaching this artistic expression - the first section defines and analyzes the concept of performance. The second section identifies the most important element of performance expression - the body, describing the creator of this artistic process. The third section emphasizes the importance of the audience's reaction, thinking and self-perception through the performance. The second chapter is about the trajectories of performance art dissemination in Lithuania. This chapter focuses specifically on the performance in Lithuania, taking it into the wider art of country context and expanding it into four sections. The first section distinguishes the creator of performance in Lithuania and the specifics of its practice, the second section explains the concept of performance in Lithuania and its directions, the third chapter distinguishes the Lithuanian spectator from the audience and his/hers specifics, and the fourth section names the performance niches in Lithuania from the early appearance to the present. The last part describes the research carried out on this specific problem. Problem: What is the spread of performance art in Lithuania, from the perspective of its situation and communication possibilities. A qualitative semi-structured interview with the performer of the performance art was completed, and one of the organizers of the performance festival, as well as an art fair with a performance guide in the program also a quantitative questionnaire survey, was conducted to collect the samples from a wider audience. After research the work is finalised with a conclucion. In all sections, efforts were made to maintain a consistent goal of examining the spread of performance art in Lithuania. Šiame baigiamajame bakalauro darbe tiriamasi objektas - performanso menas Lietuvoje. Darbe gilinamasi į šio meno lauko sklaidą Lietuvoje, per jo situacijos ir komunikacijos galimybių perspektyvą, siekiant praplėsti performanso meno tyrinėjimus, svarbą skiriant Lietuvos kontekstui. Šiame darbe naudojami Lietuvos ir užsienio autorių darbai (knygos, moksliniai straipsniai, žiniasklaidos ištraukos, atlikti tyrimai). Darbo tikslas: ištirti performanso meno sklaidą Lietuvoje ir nustatyti komunikacijos galimybes. Darbą sudaro struktūrinės dalys – trys skyriai, įvadas, išvados, santraukos lietuviu ir anglų kalbomis bei literatūros sąrašas. Pirmoje dalyje yra aprašoma teorinė performanso meno analizė, kurią sudaro trys poskyriai: apžvelgus meno sąvoka, pasitelkiant meninį performanso įvykį, menui evoliucionuojant - priartėjimą link šios meninės išraiškos, pirmajame poskyryje apibrėžiama, analizuojama performanso sąvoka, antrajame identifikuojamas svarbiausias performanso išraiškos elementas – kūnas, aprašant šio meninio vyksmo kūrėją, trečiajame poskyryje pabrėžiama žiūrovo reakcijos svarba, mąstymo, savęs suvokimo per performansą ir jo visumą. Antrajame skyriuje aprašomos performanso meno sklaidos trajektorijos Lietuvoje. Šiame skyriuje dėmesys skiriamas konkrečiai performansui Lietuvoje, įvedant jį į meno Lietuvoje kontekstą ir išplėčiant keturiuose poskyriuose. Pirmajame poskyryje išskiriamas performanso kūrėjas Lietuvoje ir jo praktikos specifikos, antrajame aiškinamasi performanso sąvoka Lietuvoje, jos kryptys, trečiajame išskiriamas Lietuvos žiūrovas ir jo specifika, ketvirtajame vardijamos performanso apraiškų nišos Lietuvoje nuo ankstyvųjų apraiškų iki šių dienų. Paskutinėje dalyje aprašomas pagal darbo problemą atliktas tyrimas. Problema: Kokia yra performanso meno sklaida Lietuvoje, per jo situacijos ir komunikacijos galimybių perspektyvą? Atliktas kokybinis pusiau struktūruotas interviu su performanso meno atlikėja, viena iš performanso festivalio organizatorių, bei meno mugės, į programą įtraukiančios performansą vadove ir kiekybinis anketinės apklausos tyrimas, norint ištirti plačiąją auditoriją. Atlikus tyrimą darbas pabaigiamas pateikt išvados. Visose dalyse stengiamasi išlaikyti nuoseklų performanso meno sklaidos nagrinėjimo Lietuvoje tiksą.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Vytautas Magnus Univ...arrow_drop_down
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    Authors: Launikonis, Justas;

    Internetiniuose ir socialiniuose puslapiuose yra generuojami dideli tekstų kiekiai, kurie sukuriami naudojantis skirtingomis kalbomis, įskaitant lietuvių kalbą. Šie tekstai yra ypač naudingi NLP užduočių sprendimui. Deja, yra susiduriama su problema, kad internetiniai tekstai dažniausiai yra netvarkingi, turintys klaidų, dėl to juos yra sudėtinga pritaikyti NLP užduotims. Šios problemos sprendimui yra reikalingas įrankis, kuris pataisytų lietuviškus tekstus. Šio darbo tikslas yra sukurti šį normalizacijos įrankį. Taip pat labai svarbu patikrinti sukurto įrankio normalizavimo efektyvumą. Tam tikslui buvo papildomai naudojamas Semantika.lt teikiamas lietuviškų tekstų normalizavimo įrankis. Be to išrinkta 1000 komentarų iš Lietuvos Ryto ir Delfi.lt svetainių. Iš šių komentarų buvo sudarytas duomenų rinkinys, iš kurio sukuriamos trys papildomos kopijos: komentarai ištaisyti gyvo asmens, komentarai ištaisyti Semantikos.lt normalizacijos įrankio ir komentarai taisyti sukurto sprendinio. Tada visos komentarų grupės yra palyginamos viena su kita ir iš gautų rezultatų išvedami kurto įrankio privalumai ir trūkumai. Visi gauti rezultatai yra pateikti šiame darbe. Social and Internet websites generate a large quantity of text, which are created using a variety of different languages, including Lithuanian. These texts are useful for solving NLP tasks. However, internet texts are usually noisy, they often contain mistakes, which make it hard to apply such texts to any NLP problem. To solve this problem, a tool is needed to correct Lithuanian texts. The aim of this work is to create this normalization tool. It is also important to test the effectiveness of the developed tool. To accomplish this goal, we also used a Lithuanian text normalization tool that is provided by Semantika.lt. Furthermore, we gathered 1000 comments from websites lrytas.lt and Delfi.lt. From these comments, a data set is created from which three additional copies are made: comments corrected by a live person, comments corrected by the Semantika tool and comments corrected by the created tool. Afterwards, all data sets are compared with each other and by examining the collected results all advantages and disadvantages of the created tool are deduced. All results obtained are presented in this paper.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Vytautas Magnus Univ...arrow_drop_down
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    Authors: Gluoksnytė, Justė;

    The research of pedagogical activity aims to find out whether integrated history - Lithuanian language lessons and creativity education methods affect students involvement in lessons. The participants of the research are 6th grade students. The research problem is the low involvement of students in lesson activities. The first part presents theoretical knowledge about integrated history - Lithuanian language lessons, as well as methods of creativity development, describes the characteristics of students involvement: emotional, behavioral and cognitive. It also describes the methods that will be used to promote creativity in the lessons: a crossword puzzle, a poem, a drawing, a cartoon, a comic, and provides material on the lessons of history and the Lithuanian language. The second part introduces innovation and describes students choices. The stages of innovation and the ethical principles underlying the research are also presented. The third part is devoted to the analysis of the research, describing each lesson, what went on, how the students did in the surveys, creative tasks, and whether the students became more involved during the lessons when the two subjects were integrated and the creative tasks were given. The analysis of the students creative work revealed that the students works are high quality, interesting, original, creative and meticulously performed. Surveys have shown that students do not know much about the topic before lessons, have not heard much, but after-school surveys are fully answered, with correct and clearly worded answers. After integrating the lessons of history and the Lithuanian language and applying methods that promote creativity, the students became much more involved in the lessons than in the previous lessons. The students especially liked that the two subjects were integrated, so that they learned more about the topic from the two spectra, and that there were creative tasks where their originality and creativity could be revealed. Pedagoginės veiklos tyrime siekiama išsiaiškinti, ar integruotos istorijos – lietuvių kalbos pamokos bei kūrybiškumo ugdymo metodai veikia mokinių įsitraukimą į pamokas. Tyrimo dalyviai – 6 klasės mokiniai. Tyrimo problema – mažas mokinių įsitraukimas į pamokos veiklas. Pirmoje dalyje pateikiamos teorinės žinios apie integruotas istorijos – lietuvių kalbos pamokas, bei kūrybiškumo ugdymo metodus, aprašomi mokinių įsitraukimo požymiai: emocinis, elgesio ir kognityvinis. Taip pat aprašoma kokie bus pritaikomi kūrybiškumą skatinantys metodai pamokose: kryžiažodis, eilėraštis, piešinys, karikatūra, komiksas ir pateikiama medžiaga apie istorijos – lietuvių kalbos pamokas. Antroje dalyje pristatoma inovacija, aprašomas mokinių pasirinkimas. Taip pat pateikiama inovacijos etapai ir etikos principai, pagal kuriuos buvo daromas tyrimas. Trečia dalis skirta tyrimo analizei, yra aprašoma kiekviena pamoka, kas vyko, kaip mokiniams sekėsi atlikti apklausas, kūrybines užduotis, bei ar per pamokas mokiniai įsitraukė labiau, kai buvo suintegruoti du dalykai bei duodamos kūrybinės užduotys. Mokinių atlikta kūrybiškų darbų analizė psrodė, tai, kad mokinių darbai yra kokybiški, įdomūs, originalūs. Ištirtos apklausos, parodė, tai, kad mokiniai prieš pamokas nelabai daug žino apie temą, nėra daug ko girdėję, bet po pamokos paduodamos apklausos būna pilnai atsakytos, teisingai ir aiškiai suformuluoti atsakymai. Suintegravus istorijos – lietuvių kalbos pamokas, bei pritaikant kūrybiškumą skatinančius metodus, mokiniai į pamokas įsitraukė daug labiau, nei į prieš tai buvusias pamokas. Mokiniams ypač patiko, kad buvo suintegruoti du dalykai, taip jie daugiau sužinodavo apie temą iš dviejų spektrų, bei, kad buvo kūrybiškos užduotys, kur galėjo atsiskleisti jų originalumas ir kūrybiškumas.

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    Authors: Dronseikaitė, Roberta;

    Every teacher faces the challenge of getting students interested. This problem was exacerbated especially after the covid-19 pandemic, during which students learned remotely and became no longer accustomed to long-term focus, gaining many knowledge gaps. After returning to school after almost two years of learning from home, the problem became especially apparent even among students who were really interested - they simply could not concentrate. Working with students revealed another problem - basic learning tools have provided only one perspective on history, while it has more than one. The solution to these problems was to show Soviet-era newspapers in class that contradict the information in the textbook. These sources were taken from the electronic cultural heritage source database www.epaveldas.lt. The main source was the pro-Russian newspaper „Tiesa“ and the newspaper „Dirva“ was used on the last lesson. The articles were chosen to generate the most emotion for the students or to provide a basis for discussion. This solution paid off, as almost twice as many students began to take part in the lessons, and the discussions, which were sometimes stimulated by the children themselves, intensified. One student even brought his own collection of Soviet medals and newspaper articles. This method of lessons was acceptable for the children, because they were interested in finding out what the articles were like at the time, they liked to discuss possible different approaches to history, they remembered the material in the lesson better. Positive feedback was received not only from the students but also from their parents. The success of the textbook section was crowned by the students' reporting work, in which they done more than were asked to, and were able to compare the information provided in the textbook with the new information. Kiekvienas mokytojas susiduria su problema, kaip sudominti mokinius. Ši problema ypač paaštrėjo po covid-19 pandemijos, kurios metu mokiniai mokėsi nuotoliniu būdu ir atprato ilgai koncentruoti dėmesį, įgijo daug spragų. Grįžus į mokyklas po beveik dviejų metų mokymosi iš namų ši problema tapo itin akivaizdi netgi tarp mokinių, kuriems iš tiesų buvo įdomu – jie paprasčiausiai negebėjo koncentruoti dėmesio. Dirbant su mokiniais išaiškėjo dar viena problema – pagrindinės mokymosi priemonės pateikė tik vieną požiūrį į istoriją, kuri tuo tarpu turi daugiau negu vieną perspektyvą. Šių problemų sprendimo būdu buvo pasirinkta pamokose demonstruoti sovietmečiu leistus laikraščius, kurie prieštarauja vadovėlyje pateiktai informacijai. Šie šaltiniai buvo paimti iš elektroninės kultūros paveldo šaltinių bazės www.epaveldas.lt. Pagrindiniu šaltiniu buvo prorusiškas laikraštis „Tiesa“, o paskutinę pamoką buvo panaudotas laikraštis „Dirva“. Straipsniai buvo parenkami tokie, kurie mokiniams sukeltų daugiausiai emocijų arba teiktų pagrindą diskusijoms. Šis sprendimo būdas pasiteisino, nes į pamokas pradėjo įsitraukti kone dvigubai daugiau mokinių, daug intensyviau vyko diskusijos, kurias kartais patys vaikai ir paskatindavo. Vienas mokinys netgi atsinešė savo turimą sovietinių medalių ir straipsnių kolekciją. Vaikams toks pamokų būdas buvo priimtinas, nes jiems buvo įdomu sužinoti, kokie buvo tais laikais spausdinami straipsniai, patiko diskutuoti apie galimus skirtingus požiūrius į istoriją, jie geriau įsiminė pamokoje pateikiamą medžiagą. Teigiamų atsiliepimų buvo sulaukta ne tik iš mokinių, bet ir iš jų tėvų. Vadovėlio skyriaus sėkmę vainikavo mokinių atsiskaitymo darbai, kuriuose jie padarė daugiau, negu buvo prašoma, gebėjo palyginti vadovėlyje pateiktą ir naujai sužinotą informaciją.

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  • Authors: Šutaitė, Aistė;

    Šis darbas pristato moteriškojo žvilgsnio teorinę sampratą, užsienio meno pavyzdžius ir kritinės analizės principus. Pristatau įvairių mokslinių tyrimų žvilgsnio teorijos prielaidas. Žvilgsnio teorijos sąvokos fundamentus suformulavo ir ateities kartoms pateikė prancūzų postmoderniosios filosofijos atstovai. Toliau pristatau kaip žvilgsnio samprata kito bei šiuolaikinei vizualinei kultūrai, įvairios meninėms medijoms adaptavo feminizmo teorija, kuri žvilgsnį apibrėžė kaip patriarchalinės sistemos galios asimetrijos simptomą. Žiūrėjimas nėra spontaniškas elementas, objekto žvilgsnis į subjektą, tai galios santykis tarp aktyvaus subjekto ir pasyvaus objekto. Tuo tarpu moteriškojo žvilgsnio (female gaze) sampratą galima būtų vertinti kaip atsaką į feministinės kino teoretikės Lauros Mulvey terminą vyriškasis žvilgsnis (male gaze). Moteriškojo žvilgsnio teorija vis dar besivystantis teorinis diskuras, tad vieno sutarto apibrėžimo nėra, tad mano tikslas buvo šiame darbe išsiaiškinti kas yra moteriškasis žvilgsnis (female gaze), kaip apie jį galima kalbėti bei kuo jis svarbus analizuojant skirtingus meno kūrinius. Darbe siekiama ne tik aptarti moteriškojo žvilgsnio sampratos pritaikymą teoriniame diskurse, tačiau ir pasitelkti jį praktinėje trijų atvejų analizėje. Filmas „Liepsnojančios moters portretas“ (2019) pasirinktas dėl aiškios moteriškojo žvilgsnio kinematografinės kalbos. Fotografijų serija „Untitled Film Stills" (1977–1980) svarbi aptariant kaip moteriškojo žvilgsnio konceptas dekonstruoja stereotipinę moters reprezentaciją bei kritikuoja patriarchalinį galios mechanizmą. Videomenas „Trintos žemuogės“ (1994) reikšmingas aptariant ankstyvojo lietuvių videomeno ištakas ir kaip per „moteriškąjį žvilgsnį“ atskleidžiami motinos ir vaiko santykiai. Skirtingi atvejai išryškina vizualiųjų menų sinergijos galimybes bei moteriškojo žvilgsnio principų pritaikymą ateities analizėms. This work presents the theoretical concept of the female gaze, examples of foreign art and the principles of critical analysis. I present the assumptions of the theory of the gaze in various research studies. French postmodern philosophers were among the first to formulate this concept. Then I present how the concept of the gaze was developed and applied to contemporary visual culture by the Western feminist theory of the 1970s. Defining the gaze as a fundamental symptom of power asymmetry. The gaze of the subject is not just innocent looking, but a power relationship between an active formative subject and a passive object. Meanwhile, the concept of the female gaze could be seen as a response to feminist film theorist Laura Mulvey's term – male gaze. Female gaze theory is still an evolving theoretical discourse and there is no single agreed definition, so my aim in this paper was to clarify what the female gaze is, how it can be talked about, and its relevance for the analysis of works of art. The aim of the paper is not only to discuss the application of the concept of the female gaze in theoretical discourse, but also to use it in the practical analysis of three case studies. The film "Portrait of a Lady on Fire“ (2019) is chosen for it‘s explicit cinematic language of the female gaze. The photographic series "Untitled Film Stills“ (1977-1980) is important in discussing how the concept of the „female gaze“ deconstructs stereotypical representations of women and critiques patriarchal power mechanisms. The video art "Trintos žemuogės" (1994) is significant in discussing the origins of early Lithuanian video art and how the mother-child relationship is revealed through the female gaze. The different cases highlight the synergies between the visual arts and the application of the principles of the female gaze to future analyses.

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    Authors: Rimkevičiiūtė, Gabrielė;

    Šiuolaikiniame pasaulyje sunku būtų patikėti, kad individams teks išgyventi tokio masto karą kaip Ukrainoje. Greičiausiai, nėra nei vieno, eilinio piliečio, kuris būtų gebėjęs numatyti karo pradžią XXI amžiuje (J. Motyl, 2014-2015). Atvejis, neturintis precedento, paskatino ir gimnazijos istorijos bei geografijos pedagogus pradėti domėtis, tyrinėti ir aiškintis: kaip kalbėti su įvairaus amžiaus grupėmis apie karą, karinius konfliktus? Kaip teisingai ir tikslingai pateikti informaciją devintokams ir/ar dešimtokams? Neretai, toks domėjimasis priveda ir prie BP, kuriose galima įžvelgti šių temų svarbą. Vartant vadovėlius galima surasti ir konkrečiai išskirtų temų, kurių ir pavadinimai prasideda: karai ir konfliktai. Inovatyvus ir šiuolaikiškas geografijos ir/ar istorijos mokytojas, ne tik nori pateikti savo ugdytiniams teisingą, tikslingą ir paprastai suprantamą informaciją, kuri supažindintų mokinius su dabartiniais ar anksčiau buvusiais įvykiais, bet kartu ir norėdamas ugdyti mokinių bendrąją savimonę, pilietiškumą, yra savotiškai priverstas taikyti XXI amžiaus metodus ugdytiniams, kurie leistų pastariesiems priartėti prie atsakymų patiems, taip sužadinant jaunos asmenybės nuomonės formavimą(si) (O'Connell, 2014). Neretai mokytojo tikslas – išleisti į gyvenimą sąmoningus, pasaulio įvykiais besidominčius ir gebančius juos analizuoti homosapiens. Natūraliai kyla klausimas, kokias priemones ugdyti tokius mokinius turi mokytojas? Kokie mokinių gebėjimai atsiskleidžia juos ugdant tyrinėjimo metodu grįstomis užduotimis? In the modern world, it would be hard to believe that individuals will have to go throughout the war of the degree in Ukraine. There is probably no single, ordinary citizen who could have predicted the start of the war in the 21st century. (J. Motyl, 2014-2015) The unprecedented case also led the gymnasium history and geography teachers to take interest in research and explanation how to talk to different age groups about war, military conflicts? How to present information to nin and / or ten formers correctly and purposefully? Often, such interest leads to BP, where the importance of these topics can be seen. Using textbooks, you can also find specific topics, the names of which begin: wars and conflicts. An innovative and modern teacher of geography and / or history, not only wants to provide his students with justice, purposeful and easy-to-understand information that introduces students to current or past events, but at the same time is obliged to employ 21st century methods for learners to develop students' general self-awareness, which would allow them to approach answers themselves, thus stimulating the formation of an opinion of the young personality (O’Connell, 2014). Often the goal of a teacher is to prepare for llife those who are conscious, interested in the world‘s events and able to analyze them. Naturally, the question arises, what means does the teacher have to educate such students? What skills do students establish in developing research-based tasks?

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    Authors: Taurasevičius, Šarūnas;

    Šiame darbe apžvelgsime Lietuvos e. sporto istoriją ir bandysime išnagrinėti kodėl Lietuvoje e. sportas netapo labai pupuliarus. Chronologiškai išnagrinėsime svarbiausius Lietuvos e. sporto istorijai turnyrus nuo 1997 m. iki 2021m. Nagrinėsime jų populiarumą, prizinių fondų dydį, remėjų ir investuotojų indelį ir paramą tiek turnyrų organizatoriams, tiek individualiems žaidėjams ar komandoms. Apžvelgsime ir koks populiarus buvo e. sportas Lietuvoje tarp moterų. Apžvelgsime internetinių kavinių fenomeną, kiek jų vykdoma veikla prisidėjo prie e.sporto pupuliarinimo bei kiek tuo pačiu ir jos sukėlė problemų bei kodėl Lietuvoje paplitus greitesniam internetui ir išpopuliarėjus personaliams kompiuteriams namuose jos praktiškai išnyko, o tuo pačiu kaip ir sumažėjo e. sporto turnyrų kiekis ir kaip technikos įmonių ir kompiuterinių žaidimų entuaziastai atgaivino e. sportą Lietuvoje ir suteikė galimybes jam transformuotis į e. sporto sceną kurią turime šiandien. Per šiuos visus aspektus įvertinsime Lietuvos e. sporto istorinę situaciją, kodėl būtent tokia kryptimi istorija vyko ir kaip kiekvienas iš skirtingų aspektų teigiamai ar neigiamai įtakojo ją ir palyginsime visą kelią dabartimi ir taip kaip jis nuvedė mus į dabartinę e. sporto sceną Lietuvoje. In this work we will review Lithuanian esports history and we will try to research why esports in Lithuania didn‘t become highly popular. Chronologically we will research most important esports tournaments in Lithuania from 1997 to today. We will research their popularity, prize pools size, sponsors and investors contribution and support to tournament organisers and individual players or teams. We will review the esports popularity between women. We will also review internet cafes phenomenon and not only how they contributed to esports popularization, but what other problems they have caused and why after faster internet spread in Lithuania and personal computers becoming more popular at home, they practically disappeared and how that impacted the reduction of esports tournaments. And how hardware stores and computer games enthusiasts began the transformation of esports to become what it is today in Lithuania. Through all these aspects we will evaluate Lithuanian esports historical situation and why exactly this direction it had and how every different aspect influenced it positively or negatively and we will review all this path with current situation and how it led us to the current esports scene in Lithuania.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Bončkutė, Roma;

    The article investigates the source of the historiographical topic of heroic paganism in the laments/elegies of Dionizas Poška (1764–1830). It is known that Poška read the manuscript of the first history of Lithuania (1822) by Simonas Daukantas (1793–1864). The article hypothesises that the choice of Poška’s written language ‘to lean towards the Samogitian dialect’, and the increase in a lexicon characteristic of the historiographical genre in the laments, are connected with his reading Daukantas’ manuscript. Since until now researchers into Daukantas’ legacy do not agree on the date of the completion of his first manuscript history, it is believed that research of this kind will make it possible to clarify it. The research leads to the conclusion that Poška read the ‘History of Lithuania’ by Daukantas in 1824, because in verse dating from that year we find a lexicon which is characteristic of Daukantas’ work. In elegies written after 1824, Poška found Lithuanian equivalents of the traditional topics of the heroic and lost nation, which are often taken from the text of Daukantas, and are not literal translations of Polish literature. Daukantas’ text inspired Poška to talk about a lost Golden Age, and so he can be considered a pioneer of Lithuanian historical elegy. Following Daukantas, the poet learned to replace rhetorical writing with an authentic expression of thought characteristic of Romantic authors. Straipsnyje tiriamas Dionizo Poškos (1764–1830) raudų / elegijų herojiškos pagonybės istorinės topikos šaltinis. Yra žinoma, kad D. Poška skaitė Simono Daukanto (1793–1864) pirmosios Lietuvos istorijos (1822) rankraštį. Straipsnyje iškeliama hipotezė, kad D. Poškos rašomosios kalbos pasirinkimas „žemaičių tarmės link“ ir raudose pagausėjusi istoriografiniam žanrui būdinga leksika sietina su S. Daukanto rankraščio skaitymu. Straipsnyje pirmiausia aptariamas D. Poškos, kaip pirmosios lietuviškos istorijos skaitytojo, patyrimas. Tada – jo elegijose aptinkami S. Daukanto veikalui būdingi elementai. Tyrime prieinama prie išvados, kad D. Poška S. Daukanto Lietuvos istoriją skaitė 1824 m., nes tais metais datuojamuose eilėse aptinkame istorikui būdingą leksiką. Po 1824 m. rašytose elegijose tradicinei herojinės ir pražuvusios tautos topikai jis surado lietuviškus atitikmenis, kurie dažnai perimti iš S. Daukanto teksto, ir nėra pažodiniai lenkų literatūros vertimai. S. Daukanto tekstas D. Pošką įkvėpė kalbėti apie pražuvusius aukso amžius, jis laikytinas lietuviškos istorinės elegijos pradininku. Poetas, S. Daukantu sekdamas, mokėsi retorinį rašymą keisti autentiška minties raiška, būdinga romantizmo autoriams.

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    Authors: Viršilienė, Jurgita;

    The aim of this article is to evaluate the contribution of Lithuanian archaeologist, military officer, and writer Petras Tarasenka (1892–1962) to the exploration of hillforts. It reveals the methods employed by Tarasenka to make hillforts culturally significant heritage sites within society. The article is based on the latest historiography, archival data, and analysis of Tarasenka’s fictional works. Historical, analytical, descriptive, statistical, and content analysis methods were employed in its preparation. Three interrelated directions within Tarasenka’s work in the field of hillfort exploration are distinguished: data collection and protection, research, and popularisation. The article uncovers how Tarasenka’s approach to hillforts can apply to other forms of heritage. Straipsnio tikslas – įvertinti Lietuvos archeologo ir kariuomenės karininko, rašytojo Petro Tarasenkos (1892–1962) indėlį į piliakalnių pažinimą. Jame atskleidžiama, kokiomis jo veiklos priemonėmis piliakalniai tapo visuomenėje pastebimais kultūros paveldo objektais. Straipsnis parengtas panaudojus naujausią istoriografiją, archyvinius duomenis, išanalizavus P. Tarasenkos grožinę kūrybą. Jį rengiant naudoti istorinis, analitinis, aprašomasis, statistinis ir turinio analizės metodai. P. Tarasenkos veikloje piliakalnių pažinimo srityje išskirtos 3 tarpusavyje viena kitą papildančios kryptys: duomenų rinkimas bei apsauga, tyrimai ir populiarinimas. Straipsnyje atskleisti P. Tarasenkos naudoti būdai aktualinant piliakalnių tematiką gali būti taikomi ir kitoms paveldo rūšims.

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  • Authors: Kancevičiūtė, Gabija;

    Bachelor Graduation Thesis object: Manors homesteads of Apytalaukis, Dotnuva, Kalnaberžė, Paberžė and Pavermenis located in Kėdainiai district. Bachelor Graduation Thesis aim: to analyze the use of selected manors of the Kėdainiai region and their lands and to determine their peculiarities. Objectives: 1. To examine the stories of manor formation; 2. To envisage perspective possibilities of abandoned manors; 3. To perform a comparative analysis of the homesteads of the manors in question. The Methods of the Bachelor Thesis: to analyze the use of selected manors of the Kėdainiai region and their lands and to determine their peculiarities. Bachelor Graduation Thesis results: in the first part of the work: the histories of the creation of five manors in Kėdainiai region were examined. in the second part of the work: the possibilities of adapting the manors are revealed. in the third part of the work: the possibilities of adapting the manors are revealed. Main conclusions: 1. It has been established that the famous nobility families and historical events living in the manors of Kėdainiai region determined the cultural heritage of the manors and its condition that has survived to this day. 2. It is envisaged that the homesteads of Apytalaukis and Pavermenis manors will be best suited for the development of recreation and tourism, and Kalnaberžė - for the social needs of society. 3. In order to determine the uniqueness of the manors, a total of 19 factors determining their distinctiveness were selected and compared. After a comparative analysis, it can be stated that the manors in Kėdainiai district are different and unique cultural heritage objects. Darbo objektas: Kėdainių rajono Apytalaukio, Dotnuvos, Kalnaberžės, Paberžės ir Pavermenio dvarų sodybos. Darbo tikslas: išanalizuoti pasirinktų Kėdainių krašto dvarų ir jų žemių naudojimą bei nustatyti jų ypatumus. Uždaviniai: 1. Išnagrinėti dvarų kūrimosi istorijas; 2. Numatyti dvarų perspektyvines naudojimo galimybes; 3. Atlikti nagrinėjamų dvarų sodybų lyginamąją analizę. Darbo metodai: literatūros šaltinių ir statistinių duomenų, kartografinių duomenų ir turinio analizės metodai. Darbo rezultatai: pirmoje darbo dalyje: išnagrinėtos penkių Kėdainių krašto dvarų kūrimosi istorijos. antroje darbo dalyje: atskleistos dvarų pritaikymo galimybės. trečioje darbo dalyje: išskirti svarbiausi dvarų sodybų ypatumai. Pagrindinės išvados: 1. Nustatyta, jog Kėdainių krašto dvaruose gyvenusios garsios bajorų giminės ir istoriniai įvykiai nulėmė iki mūsų dienų išlikusį dvarų kultūros paveldą ir jo būklę. 2. Numatyta, jog Apytalaukio ir Pavermenio dvarų sodybas tinkamiausia pritaikyti rekreacijos ir turizmo plėtrai, o Kalnaberžę – socialiniams visuomenės poreikiams. 3. Dvarų išskirtinumams nustatyti iš viso buvo atrinkta ir palyginta 19 veiksnių, lemiančių jų išskirtinumą. Atlikus lyginamąją analizę galima teigti, jog Kėdainių rajone esantys dvarai yra skirtingi ir unikalūs kultūros paveldo objektai.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Rainytė, Medeinė;

    This bachelor's thesis examines the art of performance in Lithuania. The work delves into the spread of this field of art in Lithuania, through its situation and the communication possibilities, in order to expand the research on this performance art by concentrating on the Lithuanian context.This thesis includes some work of Lithuanian and foreign authors (books, scientific articles, media and research). The work aims to study the spread of performance art in Lithuania and to determine the possibilities of communication. The work is structured as follows - three chapters, an introduction, conclusions, summaries in Lithuanian and English and an appendix with references. The first chapter describes a theoretical analysis of performance art, which consists of three sections: reviewing the concept of art through an artistic performance event, evolving art - approaching this artistic expression - the first section defines and analyzes the concept of performance. The second section identifies the most important element of performance expression - the body, describing the creator of this artistic process. The third section emphasizes the importance of the audience's reaction, thinking and self-perception through the performance. The second chapter is about the trajectories of performance art dissemination in Lithuania. This chapter focuses specifically on the performance in Lithuania, taking it into the wider art of country context and expanding it into four sections. The first section distinguishes the creator of performance in Lithuania and the specifics of its practice, the second section explains the concept of performance in Lithuania and its directions, the third chapter distinguishes the Lithuanian spectator from the audience and his/hers specifics, and the fourth section names the performance niches in Lithuania from the early appearance to the present. The last part describes the research carried out on this specific problem. Problem: What is the spread of performance art in Lithuania, from the perspective of its situation and communication possibilities. A qualitative semi-structured interview with the performer of the performance art was completed, and one of the organizers of the performance festival, as well as an art fair with a performance guide in the program also a quantitative questionnaire survey, was conducted to collect the samples from a wider audience. After research the work is finalised with a conclucion. In all sections, efforts were made to maintain a consistent goal of examining the spread of performance art in Lithuania. Šiame baigiamajame bakalauro darbe tiriamasi objektas - performanso menas Lietuvoje. Darbe gilinamasi į šio meno lauko sklaidą Lietuvoje, per jo situacijos ir komunikacijos galimybių perspektyvą, siekiant praplėsti performanso meno tyrinėjimus, svarbą skiriant Lietuvos kontekstui. Šiame darbe naudojami Lietuvos ir užsienio autorių darbai (knygos, moksliniai straipsniai, žiniasklaidos ištraukos, atlikti tyrimai). Darbo tikslas: ištirti performanso meno sklaidą Lietuvoje ir nustatyti komunikacijos galimybes. Darbą sudaro struktūrinės dalys – trys skyriai, įvadas, išvados, santraukos lietuviu ir anglų kalbomis bei literatūros sąrašas. Pirmoje dalyje yra aprašoma teorinė performanso meno analizė, kurią sudaro trys poskyriai: apžvelgus meno sąvoka, pasitelkiant meninį performanso įvykį, menui evoliucionuojant - priartėjimą link šios meninės išraiškos, pirmajame poskyryje apibrėžiama, analizuojama performanso sąvoka, antrajame identifikuojamas svarbiausias performanso išraiškos elementas – kūnas, aprašant šio meninio vyksmo kūrėją, trečiajame poskyryje pabrėžiama žiūrovo reakcijos svarba, mąstymo, savęs suvokimo per performansą ir jo visumą. Antrajame skyriuje aprašomos performanso meno sklaidos trajektorijos Lietuvoje. Šiame skyriuje dėmesys skiriamas konkrečiai performansui Lietuvoje, įvedant jį į meno Lietuvoje kontekstą ir išplėčiant keturiuose poskyriuose. Pirmajame poskyryje išskiriamas performanso kūrėjas Lietuvoje ir jo praktikos specifikos, antrajame aiškinamasi performanso sąvoka Lietuvoje, jos kryptys, trečiajame išskiriamas Lietuvos žiūrovas ir jo specifika, ketvirtajame vardijamos performanso apraiškų nišos Lietuvoje nuo ankstyvųjų apraiškų iki šių dienų. Paskutinėje dalyje aprašomas pagal darbo problemą atliktas tyrimas. Problema: Kokia yra performanso meno sklaida Lietuvoje, per jo situacijos ir komunikacijos galimybių perspektyvą? Atliktas kokybinis pusiau struktūruotas interviu su performanso meno atlikėja, viena iš performanso festivalio organizatorių, bei meno mugės, į programą įtraukiančios performansą vadove ir kiekybinis anketinės apklausos tyrimas, norint ištirti plačiąją auditoriją. Atlikus tyrimą darbas pabaigiamas pateikt išvados. Visose dalyse stengiamasi išlaikyti nuoseklų performanso meno sklaidos nagrinėjimo Lietuvoje tiksą.

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    Authors: Launikonis, Justas;

    Internetiniuose ir socialiniuose puslapiuose yra generuojami dideli tekstų kiekiai, kurie sukuriami naudojantis skirtingomis kalbomis, įskaitant lietuvių kalbą. Šie tekstai yra ypač naudingi NLP užduočių sprendimui. Deja, yra susiduriama su problema, kad internetiniai tekstai dažniausiai yra netvarkingi, turintys klaidų, dėl to juos yra sudėtinga pritaikyti NLP užduotims. Šios problemos sprendimui yra reikalingas įrankis, kuris pataisytų lietuviškus tekstus. Šio darbo tikslas yra sukurti šį normalizacijos įrankį. Taip pat labai svarbu patikrinti sukurto įrankio normalizavimo efektyvumą. Tam tikslui buvo papildomai naudojamas Semantika.lt teikiamas lietuviškų tekstų normalizavimo įrankis. Be to išrinkta 1000 komentarų iš Lietuvos Ryto ir Delfi.lt svetainių. Iš šių komentarų buvo sudarytas duomenų rinkinys, iš kurio sukuriamos trys papildomos kopijos: komentarai ištaisyti gyvo asmens, komentarai ištaisyti Semantikos.lt normalizacijos įrankio ir komentarai taisyti sukurto sprendinio. Tada visos komentarų grupės yra palyginamos viena su kita ir iš gautų rezultatų išvedami kurto įrankio privalumai ir trūkumai. Visi gauti rezultatai yra pateikti šiame darbe. Social and Internet websites generate a large quantity of text, which are created using a variety of different languages, including Lithuanian. These texts are useful for solving NLP tasks. However, internet texts are usually noisy, they often contain mistakes, which make it hard to apply such texts to any NLP problem. To solve this problem, a tool is needed to correct Lithuanian texts. The aim of this work is to create this normalization tool. It is also important to test the effectiveness of the developed tool. To accomplish this goal, we also used a Lithuanian text normalization tool that is provided by Semantika.lt. Furthermore, we gathered 1000 comments from websites lrytas.lt and Delfi.lt. From these comments, a data set is created from which three additional copies are made: comments corrected by a live person, comments corrected by the Semantika tool and comments corrected by the created tool. Afterwards, all data sets are compared with each other and by examining the collected results all advantages and disadvantages of the created tool are deduced. All results obtained are presented in this paper.

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    Authors: Gluoksnytė, Justė;

    The research of pedagogical activity aims to find out whether integrated history - Lithuanian language lessons and creativity education methods affect students involvement in lessons. The participants of the research are 6th grade students. The research problem is the low involvement of students in lesson activities. The first part presents theoretical knowledge about integrated history - Lithuanian language lessons, as well as methods of creativity development, describes the characteristics of students involvement: emotional, behavioral and cognitive. It also describes the methods that will be used to promote creativity in the lessons: a crossword puzzle, a poem, a drawing, a cartoon, a comic, and provides material on the lessons of history and the Lithuanian language. The second part introduces innovation and describes students choices. The stages of innovation and the ethical principles underlying the research are also presented. The third part is devoted to the analysis of the research, describing each lesson, what went on, how the students did in the surveys, creative tasks, and whether the students became more involved during the lessons when the two subjects were integrated and the creative tasks were given. The analysis of the students creative work revealed that the students works are high quality, interesting, original, creative and meticulously performed. Surveys have shown that students do not know much about the topic before lessons, have not heard much, but after-school surveys are fully answered, with correct and clearly worded answers. After integrating the lessons of history and the Lithuanian language and applying methods that promote creativity, the students became much more involved in the lessons than in the previous lessons. The students especially liked that the two subjects were integrated, so that they learned more about the topic from the two spectra, and that there were creative tasks where their originality and creativity could be revealed. Pedagoginės veiklos tyrime siekiama išsiaiškinti, ar integruotos istorijos – lietuvių kalbos pamokos bei kūrybiškumo ugdymo metodai veikia mokinių įsitraukimą į pamokas. Tyrimo dalyviai – 6 klasės mokiniai. Tyrimo problema – mažas mokinių įsitraukimas į pamokos veiklas. Pirmoje dalyje pateikiamos teorinės žinios apie integruotas istorijos – lietuvių kalbos pamokas, bei kūrybiškumo ugdymo metodus, aprašomi mokinių įsitraukimo požymiai: emocinis, elgesio ir kognityvinis. Taip pat aprašoma kokie bus pritaikomi kūrybiškumą skatinantys metodai pamokose: kryžiažodis, eilėraštis, piešinys, karikatūra, komiksas ir pateikiama medžiaga apie istorijos – lietuvių kalbos pamokas. Antroje dalyje pristatoma inovacija, aprašomas mokinių pasirinkimas. Taip pat pateikiama inovacijos etapai ir etikos principai, pagal kuriuos buvo daromas tyrimas. Trečia dalis skirta tyrimo analizei, yra aprašoma kiekviena pamoka, kas vyko, kaip mokiniams sekėsi atlikti apklausas, kūrybines užduotis, bei ar per pamokas mokiniai įsitraukė labiau, kai buvo suintegruoti du dalykai bei duodamos kūrybinės užduotys. Mokinių atlikta kūrybiškų darbų analizė psrodė, tai, kad mokinių darbai yra kokybiški, įdomūs, originalūs. Ištirtos apklausos, parodė, tai, kad mokiniai prieš pamokas nelabai daug žino apie temą, nėra daug ko girdėję, bet po pamokos paduodamos apklausos būna pilnai atsakytos, teisingai ir aiškiai suformuluoti atsakymai. Suintegravus istorijos – lietuvių kalbos pamokas, bei pritaikant kūrybiškumą skatinančius metodus, mokiniai į pamokas įsitraukė daug labiau, nei į prieš tai buvusias pamokas. Mokiniams ypač patiko, kad buvo suintegruoti du dalykai, taip jie daugiau sužinodavo apie temą iš dviejų spektrų, bei, kad buvo kūrybiškos užduotys, kur galėjo atsiskleisti jų originalumas ir kūrybiškumas.

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    Authors: Dronseikaitė, Roberta;

    Every teacher faces the challenge of getting students interested. This problem was exacerbated especially after the covid-19 pandemic, during which students learned remotely and became no longer accustomed to long-term focus, gaining many knowledge gaps. After returning to school after almost two years of learning from home, the problem became especially apparent even among students who were really interested - they simply could not concentrate. Working with students revealed another problem - basic learning tools have provided only one perspective on history, while it has more than one. The solution to these problems was to show Soviet-era newspapers in class that contradict the information in the textbook. These sources were taken from the electronic cultural heritage source database www.epaveldas.lt. The main source was the pro-Russian newspaper „Tiesa“ and the newspaper „Dirva“ was used on the last lesson. The articles were chosen to generate the most emotion for the students or to provide a basis for discussion. This solution paid off, as almost twice as many students began to take part in the lessons, and the discussions, which were sometimes stimulated by the children themselves, intensified. One student even brought his own collection of Soviet medals and newspaper articles. This method of lessons was acceptable for the children, because they were interested in finding out what the articles were like at the time, they liked to discuss possible different approaches to history, they remembered the material in the lesson better. Positive feedback was received not only from the students but also from their parents. The success of the textbook section was crowned by the students' reporting work, in which they done more than were asked to, and were able to compare the information provided in the textbook with the new information. Kiekvienas mokytojas susiduria su problema, kaip sudominti mokinius. Ši problema ypač paaštrėjo po covid-19 pandemijos, kurios metu mokiniai mokėsi nuotoliniu būdu ir atprato ilgai koncentruoti dėmesį, įgijo daug spragų. Grįžus į mokyklas po beveik dviejų metų mokymosi iš namų ši problema tapo itin akivaizdi netgi tarp mokinių, kuriems iš tiesų buvo įdomu – jie paprasčiausiai negebėjo koncentruoti dėmesio. Dirbant su mokiniais išaiškėjo dar viena problema – pagrindinės mokymosi priemonės pateikė tik vieną požiūrį į istoriją, kuri tuo tarpu turi daugiau negu vieną perspektyvą. Šių problemų sprendimo būdu buvo pasirinkta pamokose demonstruoti sovietmečiu leistus laikraščius, kurie prieštarauja vadovėlyje pateiktai informacijai. Šie šaltiniai buvo paimti iš elektroninės kultūros paveldo šaltinių bazės www.epaveldas.lt. Pagrindiniu šaltiniu buvo prorusiškas laikraštis „Tiesa“, o paskutinę pamoką buvo panaudotas laikraštis „Dirva“. Straipsniai buvo parenkami tokie, kurie mokiniams sukeltų daugiausiai emocijų arba teiktų pagrindą diskusijoms. Šis sprendimo būdas pasiteisino, nes į pamokas pradėjo įsitraukti kone dvigubai daugiau mokinių, daug intensyviau vyko diskusijos, kurias kartais patys vaikai ir paskatindavo. Vienas mokinys netgi atsinešė savo turimą sovietinių medalių ir straipsnių kolekciją. Vaikams toks pamokų būdas buvo priimtinas, nes jiems buvo įdomu sužinoti, kokie buvo tais laikais spausdinami straipsniai, patiko diskutuoti apie galimus skirtingus požiūrius į istoriją, jie geriau įsiminė pamokoje pateikiamą medžiagą. Teigiamų atsiliepimų buvo sulaukta ne tik iš mokinių, bet ir iš jų tėvų. Vadovėlio skyriaus sėkmę vainikavo mokinių atsiskaitymo darbai, kuriuose jie padarė daugiau, negu buvo prašoma, gebėjo palyginti vadovėlyje pateiktą ir naujai sužinotą informaciją.

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  • Authors: Šutaitė, Aistė;

    Šis darbas pristato moteriškojo žvilgsnio teorinę sampratą, užsienio meno pavyzdžius ir kritinės analizės principus. Pristatau įvairių mokslinių tyrimų žvilgsnio teorijos prielaidas. Žvilgsnio teorijos sąvokos fundamentus suformulavo ir ateities kartoms pateikė prancūzų postmoderniosios filosofijos atstovai. Toliau pristatau kaip žvilgsnio samprata kito bei šiuolaikinei vizualinei kultūrai, įvairios meninėms medijoms adaptavo feminizmo teorija, kuri žvilgsnį apibrėžė kaip patriarchalinės sistemos galios asimetrijos simptomą. Žiūrėjimas nėra spontaniškas elementas, objekto žvilgsnis į subjektą, tai galios santykis tarp aktyvaus subjekto ir pasyvaus objekto. Tuo tarpu moteriškojo žvilgsnio (female gaze) sampratą galima būtų vertinti kaip atsaką į feministinės kino teoretikės Lauros Mulvey terminą vyriškasis žvilgsnis (male gaze). Moteriškojo žvilgsnio teorija vis dar besivystantis teorinis diskuras, tad vieno sutarto apibrėžimo nėra, tad mano tikslas buvo šiame darbe išsiaiškinti kas yra moteriškasis žvilgsnis (female gaze), kaip apie jį galima kalbėti bei kuo jis svarbus analizuojant skirtingus meno kūrinius. Darbe siekiama ne tik aptarti moteriškojo žvilgsnio sampratos pritaikymą teoriniame diskurse, tačiau ir pasitelkti jį praktinėje trijų atvejų analizėje. Filmas „Liepsnojančios moters portretas“ (2019) pasirinktas dėl aiškios moteriškojo žvilgsnio kinematografinės kalbos. Fotografijų serija „Untitled Film Stills" (1977–1980) svarbi aptariant kaip moteriškojo žvilgsnio konceptas dekonstruoja stereotipinę moters reprezentaciją bei kritikuoja patriarchalinį galios mechanizmą. Videomenas „Trintos žemuogės“ (1994) reikšmingas aptariant ankstyvojo lietuvių videomeno ištakas ir kaip per „moteriškąjį žvilgsnį“ atskleidžiami motinos ir vaiko santykiai. Skirtingi atvejai išryškina vizualiųjų menų sinergijos galimybes bei moteriškojo žvilgsnio principų pritaikymą ateities analizėms. This work presents the theoretical concept of the female gaze, examples of foreign art and the principles of critical analysis. I present the assumptions of the theory of the gaze in various research studies. French postmodern philosophers were among the first to formulate this concept. Then I present how the concept of the gaze was developed and applied to contemporary visual culture by the Western feminist theory of the 1970s. Defining the gaze as a fundamental symptom of power asymmetry. The gaze of the subject is not just innocent looking, but a power relationship between an active formative subject and a passive object. Meanwhile, the concept of the female gaze could be seen as a response to feminist film theorist Laura Mulvey's term – male gaze. Female gaze theory is still an evolving theoretical discourse and there is no single agreed definition, so my aim in this paper was to clarify what the female gaze is, how it can be talked about, and its relevance for the analysis of works of art. The aim of the paper is not only to discuss the application of the concept of the female gaze in theoretical discourse, but also to use it in the practical analysis of three case studies. The film "Portrait of a Lady on Fire“ (2019) is chosen for it‘s explicit cinematic language of the female gaze. The photographic series "Untitled Film Stills“ (1977-1980) is important in discussing how the concept of the „female gaze“ deconstructs stereotypical representations of women and critiques patriarchal power mechanisms. The video art "Trintos žemuogės" (1994) is significant in discussing the origins of early Lithuanian video art and how the mother-child relationship is revealed through the female gaze. The different cases highlight the synergies between the visual arts and the application of the principles of the female gaze to future analyses.

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    Authors: Rimkevičiiūtė, Gabrielė;

    Šiuolaikiniame pasaulyje sunku būtų patikėti, kad individams teks išgyventi tokio masto karą kaip Ukrainoje. Greičiausiai, nėra nei vieno, eilinio piliečio, kuris būtų gebėjęs numatyti karo pradžią XXI amžiuje (J. Motyl, 2014-2015). Atvejis, neturintis precedento, paskatino ir gimnazijos istorijos bei geografijos pedagogus pradėti domėtis, tyrinėti ir aiškintis: kaip kalbėti su įvairaus amžiaus grupėmis apie karą, karinius konfliktus? Kaip teisingai ir tikslingai pateikti informaciją devintokams ir/ar dešimtokams? Neretai, toks domėjimasis priveda ir prie BP, kuriose galima įžvelgti šių temų svarbą. Vartant vadovėlius galima surasti ir konkrečiai išskirtų temų, kurių ir pavadinimai prasideda: karai ir konfliktai. Inovatyvus ir šiuolaikiškas geografijos ir/ar istorijos mokytojas, ne tik nori pateikti savo ugdytiniams teisingą, tikslingą ir paprastai suprantamą informaciją, kuri supažindintų mokinius su dabartiniais ar anksčiau buvusiais įvykiais, bet kartu ir norėdamas ugdyti mokinių bendrąją savimonę, pilietiškumą, yra savotiškai priverstas taikyti XXI amžiaus metodus ugdytiniams, kurie leistų pastariesiems priartėti prie atsakymų patiems, taip sužadinant jaunos asmenybės nuomonės formavimą(si) (O'Connell, 2014). Neretai mokytojo tikslas – išleisti į gyvenimą sąmoningus, pasaulio įvykiais besidominčius ir gebančius juos analizuoti homosapiens. Natūraliai kyla klausimas, kokias priemones ugdyti tokius mokinius turi mokytojas? Kokie mokinių gebėjimai atsiskleidžia juos ugdant tyrinėjimo metodu grįstomis užduotimis? In the modern world, it would be hard to believe that individuals will have to go throughout the war of the degree in Ukraine. There is probably no single, ordinary citizen who could have predicted the start of the war in the 21st century. (J. Motyl, 2014-2015) The unprecedented case also led the gymnasium history and geography teachers to take interest in research and explanation how to talk to different age groups about war, military conflicts? How to present information to nin and / or ten formers correctly and purposefully? Often, such interest leads to BP, where the importance of these topics can be seen. Using textbooks, you can also find specific topics, the names of which begin: wars and conflicts. An innovative and modern teacher of geography and / or history, not only wants to provide his students with justice, purposeful and easy-to-understand information that introduces students to current or past events, but at the same time is obliged to employ 21st century methods for learners to develop students' general self-awareness, which would allow them to approach answers themselves, thus stimulating the formation of an opinion of the young personality (O’Connell, 2014). Often the goal of a teacher is to prepare for llife those who are conscious, interested in the world‘s events and able to analyze them. Naturally, the question arises, what means does the teacher have to educate such students? What skills do students establish in developing research-based tasks?

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    Authors: Taurasevičius, Šarūnas;

    Šiame darbe apžvelgsime Lietuvos e. sporto istoriją ir bandysime išnagrinėti kodėl Lietuvoje e. sportas netapo labai pupuliarus. Chronologiškai išnagrinėsime svarbiausius Lietuvos e. sporto istorijai turnyrus nuo 1997 m. iki 2021m. Nagrinėsime jų populiarumą, prizinių fondų dydį, remėjų ir investuotojų indelį ir paramą tiek turnyrų organizatoriams, tiek individualiems žaidėjams ar komandoms. Apžvelgsime ir koks populiarus buvo e. sportas Lietuvoje tarp moterų. Apžvelgsime internetinių kavinių fenomeną, kiek jų vykdoma veikla prisidėjo prie e.sporto pupuliarinimo bei kiek tuo pačiu ir jos sukėlė problemų bei kodėl Lietuvoje paplitus greitesniam internetui ir išpopuliarėjus personaliams kompiuteriams namuose jos praktiškai išnyko, o tuo pačiu kaip ir sumažėjo e. sporto turnyrų kiekis ir kaip technikos įmonių ir kompiuterinių žaidimų entuaziastai atgaivino e. sportą Lietuvoje ir suteikė galimybes jam transformuotis į e. sporto sceną kurią turime šiandien. Per šiuos visus aspektus įvertinsime Lietuvos e. sporto istorinę situaciją, kodėl būtent tokia kryptimi istorija vyko ir kaip kiekvienas iš skirtingų aspektų teigiamai ar neigiamai įtakojo ją ir palyginsime visą kelią dabartimi ir taip kaip jis nuvedė mus į dabartinę e. sporto sceną Lietuvoje. In this work we will review Lithuanian esports history and we will try to research why esports in Lithuania didn‘t become highly popular. Chronologically we will research most important esports tournaments in Lithuania from 1997 to today. We will research their popularity, prize pools size, sponsors and investors contribution and support to tournament organisers and individual players or teams. We will review the esports popularity between women. We will also review internet cafes phenomenon and not only how they contributed to esports popularization, but what other problems they have caused and why after faster internet spread in Lithuania and personal computers becoming more popular at home, they practically disappeared and how that impacted the reduction of esports tournaments. And how hardware stores and computer games enthusiasts began the transformation of esports to become what it is today in Lithuania. Through all these aspects we will evaluate Lithuanian esports historical situation and why exactly this direction it had and how every different aspect influenced it positively or negatively and we will review all this path with current situation and how it led us to the current esports scene in Lithuania.

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