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This study aims to awaken the consciousness of Christians worldwide, called the global church, about the menaces of heresies posed by this present age of globalisation and how to combat them. The age of globalisation is known as the age of information technology, communication systems, transportation networks, and religious marketing. In this age, the world is brought into one tiny unit known as the global village, and the global church cannot pretend to be unaware. Today, practically every aspect of life is affected by globalisation. The globe has successfully become a global village where information and technology are available to everyone every day, hour, minute, and second. The emergence of this trend has increased the number of heretical teachings, both in the church and on social media platforms. This descriptive study relied mainly on secondary data collected from various journals, magazines, books, and websites. Therefore, the paper examines the meaning and conceptions of globalisation, kingdom Christian education, and the global church; the menaces of globalisation on the global church; the historical conception and overview of heresy; how to identify heresies in the church; and recommendations on how to combat heresies.

This is a presentation given at the European Archaeology Association Conference 2023 in session 603 - Replicable Archaeology: looking for workflows and data management strategies fostering data reuse and methological transferability in archaeological science. 

Digital Scholarly Platform for the in-progress editing within the GreekSchools project.

Within the ERC AdG 885222-GreekSchools we aim to manage the edit of multiple papyrologic texts: diplomatic and literary editions and the corresponding apparatuses and their translations. To endow scholars with automatic consistency and coherence of editorial choices and to support the whole editing process, we leverage Domain Specific Languages (DSLs): a formal language definition in a bounded domain. Digital text editing can be handled in multiple ways depending on the editorial purpose. We identify four possible editing approaches to digital textual scholarship: (1) word processor; (2) structured text (e.g. XML); (3) GUI-centric; (4) domain specific language (DSL). Each of them has pros and cons. In particular we analyse five dimensions: familiarity, compactness, completeness, data elaboration support, and the need of technical training. With familiarity we refer to how much the scholar can avoid shifting his established working paradigm/environment. Compactness is the ratio between quantity of information and formalisation size. Completeness refers to the information the content represents. The capability to extract or deduce information from the data is addressed by data elaboration support. Finally, we consider important to evaluate the amount of technical training for text editing. For example, structured texts grant completeness of information, while requiring extensive technical training. In this context only the DSL approach encompasses all these dimensions while the other approaches compromises on some of them. We propose a DSL-based editor that will support and improve the editing workflow in the context of the ERC project.

Rich metadata is important for data discovery and reuse. Further, the use of standardized values - from community-developed vocabularies and from identifier services for people, organization, grants, and other real-world entities - can further improve human and machine understanding of the data. However, building support for the broad range of existing vocabularies directly into repository software can take significant initial and ongoing effort and potentially limit the flexibility to adopt new vocabularies over time. In the open source Dataverse software project, we’ve explored a light-weight, plug-in approach to adding this functionality. With this design, the logic related to specific vocabularies and services is isolated in components that know nothing about Dataverse’s internals which opens the door to their reuse in other repositories and to shared maintenance. This paper introduces the design and discusses working examples that integrate with external identifier and vocabulary services.

As part of the larger mineral systems approach to Cu-bearing mineralization in northern Norrbotten, this study utilizes structural geology to set the classic Pahtohavare Cu ± Au deposits into an up-to-date tectonic framework. The Pahtohavare Cu ± Au deposits, situated only 5 km southwest of the Kiirunavaara world-class iron oxide–apatite (IOA) deposit, have a dubious timing, and their link to IOA formation is not constrained. The study area contains both epigenic Cu ± Au (Pahtohavare) and iron oxide–copper–gold (IOCG; Rakkurijärvi) mineral occurrences which are hosted in bedrock that has been folded and bound by two shear zones trending northeast to southwest and northwest to southeast to the east and southwest, respectively. Structural mapping and petrographic investigation of the area reveal a noncylindrical, SE-plunging anticline. The cleavage measurements mirror the fold geometry, which characterizes the fold as F2 associated with the late phase of the Svecokarelian orogeny. Porphyroclasts with pressure shadows, mylonitic fabrics, and foliation trails in porphyroblasts indicate S0/S1 is a tectonic fabric. The epigenetic Pahtohavare Cu ± Au mineralization sits in brittle–ductile structures that cross-cut an earlier foliation and the F2 fold, indicating that the timing of the deposits occurred syn- to post-F2 folding, at least ca. 80 Myr after the Kiirunavaara IOA formation. A 3D model and cross-sections of the Pahtohavare–Rakkurijärvi area and a new structural framework of the district are presented and used to suggest that the shear zones bounding the area are likely reactivated early structures that have played a critical role in ore formation in the Kiruna mining district.

OPERAS Innovation Lab provides targeted guidance for scholars seeking to disseminate their outputs in an innovative way. This poster presents three case studies of workflows for innovative scholarly communication: 1) toolkit/anthology; 2) interdisciplinary online journal; 3) software services. The workflows will serve as blueprints for SSH scholars.

This paper presents the first release of a graph database of online fiction corpora taken from various sources in five different languages (English, Spanish, Italian, Indonesian, Korean). The goal is to describe texts using “derived data” (OECD, 2005) – or “mesodata” (Boot, 2009) – referring to various textual features, so that comparisons between documents could be done without accessing the full text of the documents. The idea is similar to that of the HathiTrust Extracted Features dataset (Jett et al., 2020), but the features encoded in the GOLEM project (“Graphs and Ontologies for Literary Evolution Models”) are much richer and also refer to narrative and stylistic elements and to reader response data (e.g. characters, relationships, topics, readability, sentiment of comments received by the story, etc.) collected from likes and comments left on the stories. Something similar has already been done on a smaller scale for a selection of texts in English (Piper, 2022) and Dutch (Luoto and van Cranenburgh, 2021). The creation of the GOLEM has been inspired by such work but will operate on a completely different scale, which requires the automation of the extraction of textual features for millions of stories. The core concept of the GOLEM infrastructure is that of “programmable corpora”, i.e. “research-oriented corpora providing an API” (Fischer et al., 2019), which allows to easily reapply scripts, notebooks, and pipelines of analysis to all texts in the corpora, inasmuch as they are encoded following the same principles and can be queried via the same API and SPARQL endpoint. Since the GOLEM focuses primarily on derived data, there is no need for a resource-intensive XML database of texts encoded in TEI. Only statements about the texts and their reception will be stored in the database, following existing ontologies as closely as possible in order to maximize the compatibility with other relevant projects, like Wikidata and MiMoText (Schöch et al., 2022). Beside choosing three of the most spoken Western languages, Korean and Indonesian have been included because these cultures have a peculiar role in the worldwide digital reading landscape. On one hand, K-pop and K-drama inspire many works of fanfiction in all the mentioned languages, and are quite influential among youth, particularly in Europe. On the other hand, the Indonesian case is extremely important to understand the evolution of fiction more broadly, because it is culturally very distant from all the other considered countries (Muthukrishna et al., 2020) and Korean culture is very influential among Indonesian youth. Hence, it will be interesting to compare how cultural traits spread differently in countries with different wealth, educational level, and cultural influence. Moreover, Indonesia is a densely populated developing country in which for many people it is easier to access online fiction than print books (Rokib, 2019; Yoesoef, 2020) thus it offers a lot of data. Once metadata and derived data for all texts will be included, the GOLEM will be an almost complete database of all fanfiction published online in English, Spanish, Italian, Indonesian, and Korean during the years 2000-2022, which correspond to almost the whole lifetime of the genre of online fanfiction. As such, the GOLEM will be an excellent resource to test hypothesis about the evolution of fiction writing and reader response without the influence of external factors like the historical selection by publishers or educational curricula. We have already created a pilot ontology (Pianzola, 2020) and used it for some analyses (Pianzola et al., 2020), showing how this kind of data can offer interesting insights for research in both cultural evolution and literary studies. Boot, P. (2009). Mesotext: Digitised Emblems, Modelled Annotations and Humanities Scholarship. Amsterdam University Press. Fischer, F. et al. (2019). Programmable Corpora: Introducing DraCor, an Infrastructure for the Research on European Drama. 10.5281/zenodo.4284002. Jett, J. et al. (2020). The HathiTrust Research Center Extracted Features Dataset (2.0). 10.13012/R2TE-C227. Luoto, S. and van Cranenburgh, A. (2021). Psycholinguistic Dataset on Language Use in 1145 Novels Published in English and Dutch. Data in Brief, 34, p. 106655. 10.1016/j.dib.2020.106655. Muthukrishna, M. et al. (2020). Beyond Western, Educated, Industrial, Rich, and Democratic (WEIRD) Psychology: Measuring and Mapping Scales of Cultural and Psychological Distance. Psychological Science, p. 095679762091678. 10.1177/0956797620916782. OECD. (2005). Derived Data Element. OECD Glossary of Statistical Terms.https://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp?ID=5130 (accessed 4 November 2022). Pianzola, F. (2020). Linked-Potter: An Example of Ontology for the Study of the Evolution of Literature and Reading Communities. In Hodošček, B. (ed.), JADH2020 Proceedings of the 10th Conference of the Japanese Association of Digital Humanities “A New Decade in Digital Scholarship: Microcosms and Hubs”. Osaka, Japan: Graduate School of Language and Culture, Osaka University, pp. 28–32.https://jadh2020.lang.osaka-u.ac.jp/programme/longpaper/pianzola-linked.html. Pianzola, F., Acerbi, A. and Rebora, S. (2020). Cultural Accumulation and Improvement in Online Fan Fiction. In CHR 2020: Workshop on Computational Humanities Research, November 18–20, 2020, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, pp. 2–11.http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2723/short8.pdf. Piper, A. (2022). (0) The CONLIT Dataset of Contemporary Literature. Journal of Open Humanities Data, 8(0), p. 24. 10.5334/johd.88. Rokib, M. (2019). The Polemics of Digital Literature in Indonesia. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 380, pp. 287–92. Schöch, C. et al. (2022). Smart Modelling for Literary History. International Journal of Humanities and Arts Computing, 16(1), pp. 78–93. 10.3366/ijhac.2022.0278. Yoesoef, M. (2020). Cyber Literature: Wattpad and Webnovel as Generation Z Reading in the Digital World. In Proceedings of the International University Symposium on Humanities and Arts (INUSHARTS 2019). International University Symposium on Humanities and Arts (INUSHARTS 2019). Depok, Indonesia: Atlantis Press. 10.2991/assehr.k.200729.025.