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L’analyse économique expérimentale et comportementale a mis en évidence le rôle ambivalent de la colère. Trop intense, mal canalisée, la colère est à la source de représailles et conduit au blocage de l’échange. Il existe cependant un seuil d’intensité de la colère pour lequel celle-ci est rationnelle et utile pour celui qui l’exprime. La colère conduit notamment celui qui en est l’objet à adopter des comportements plus respectueux et plus justes. La théorie des émotions du philosophe américain John Dewey interroge la portée et l’efficacité d’une émotion au regard de sa qualité et de son intensité. En nous appuyant sur sa démarche, la question que nous posons ici est de savoir à quelles conditions la colère peut être une émotion susceptible d’être convertie en une action (individuelle et collective) au service de la lutte contre le réchauffement climatique. Il s’agit donc d’analyser le potentiel de la colère dans la mitigation du climat, en montrant qu’il dépend en grande partie, comme le suggère l’approche pragmatiste, de la qualité d’expression de cette émotion et de son intensité. Experimental and behavioural economic analysis has highlighted the ambivalent role of anger. If anger is too intense and poorly channelled, it can lead to retaliation and the blocking of exchanges. However, there is a threshold of intensity for anger at which it is rational and useful for the person who expresses it. In particular, anger leads the person who is the object of it to adopt more respectful and fair behaviour. The theory of emotions of the American philosopher John Dewey questions the scope and effectiveness of an emotion in terms of its quality and intensity. Based on his approach, the question we ask in this article is to know under what conditions anger can be an emotion that can be converted into an individual and collective action to fight global warming. The aim is therefore to analyse the potential of anger in climate mitigation. We show that this potential depends to a large extent, as the pragmatist approach suggests, on the quality of expression of this emotion and its intensity.

International audience; Hope is a fundamental emotion that reflects a state of mind, determines our attitude towards the future, our handling of uncertainty, and conditions our actions and decisions. Rational economic approaches have paid relatively little attention to this emotion. Some economists, however, encourage the inclusion of hope in economic analysis. By working on the links between literature and economics, this paper seeks to determine what a dialogue between literature and economics might contribute to both the understanding of hope within economic analysis, and to the interpretation of Dickens’s novel from this perspective. We propose to explore a Dickensian novel that focuses on hope, namely Great Expectations (1861). What is striking is that he first expresses aspirations and anticipations of a very rational kind, similar to those studied by later standard economic theory. The novel however stresses their shortcomings, and gradually moves toward a more complex definition of an economic hope, more spiritual and philosophical by nature, and closer to what economists are developing today in the face of the very uncertain future that lies ahead of us.; L’approche économique rationnelle s’est relativement peu intéressée à l’espoir, émotion fondamentale qui reflète un état d’esprit, détermine notre attitude par rapport à l’avenir, notre gestion de l’incertitude, et conditionne nos actions et nos décisions. Certains économistes encouragent toutefois à intégrer l’espoir à l’analyse économique. Dans cet article, nous chercherons à déterminer ce qu’un dialogue entre la littérature et l’économie pourrait apporter à la fois à la compréhension de l’espoir, à l’analyse économique, et à l’interprétation du roman de Dickens. Nous nous proposons d’explorer un roman de Dickens centré sur l’espoir, à savoir De Grandes espérances (1861). Ce qui frappe à la lecture du roman c’est que Dickens explore et approfondit dans son roman la notion même d’espérances (expectations en anglais) au sens économique, en la déclinant de diverses manières et en étudiant les implications de ces différentes déclinaisons. Il part ainsi d’attentes, d’aspirations et d’anticipations de type très rationnel, très semblables à ce qu’étudiera plus tard la théorie économique standard, pour en souligner les limites et évoluer vers une définition plus complexe d’un espoir économique de nature plus spirituelle et philosophique, plus proche de ce que les économistes développent aujourd’hui face à l’avenir très incertain qui s’offre à nous.

The goal of this paper is to assess the influence of spatial mobility of knowledge workers on the formation of ties of scientific and industrial collaboration across European regions. Co-location has been traditionally invoked to ease formal collaboration between individuals and firms, since tie formation costs increase with physical distance between partners. In some instances, highly-skilled actors might become mobile and bridge regional networks across separate locations. This paper estimates a fixed effects logit model to ascertain precisely whether there exists a ‘previous co-location premium’ in the formation of networks across European regions.

Abstract Using data from 5474 banks located in 23 OECD countries over the period 2019Q2–2022Q1, we study the influence of COVID-19 on bank profitability (before and during the COVID-19 vaccination period). Our results show a negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on bank profitability, especially at the onset of the health crisis. In addition, we find that vaccination against COVID-19 had a positive effect on bank profitability, not yet sufficient to compensate for the losses generated at the beginning of the pandemic. Finally, we show that these effects depend on the characteristics of banks (notably size and capital) before vaccination and on the severity of the crisis across countries. Overall, we provide the first evidence of the influence of vaccination on bank behavior in terms of profitability.

AbstractIn this paper, we examine how a research institution’s social structure and the presence of academic opinion leaders shaped the early adoption of a scientific innovation. Our case considers the early engagement of mathematical economists at the Cowles Commission with John von Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern’sTheory of Games and Economic Behavior.We argue that scholars with administrative leadership functions who were not only scientifically but also organizationally central—in our case Jacob Marschak, the director of research at Cowles—played a crucial role in promoting the early adoption of theTheory of Games. We support our argument with a scientometric analysis of all acknowledgments made in 488 papers published from 1944 to 1955 in the two main research paper series at the Cowles Commission. We apply blockmodeling techniques to the acknowledgments network to reconstruct the formal and informal social structure at Cowles at the time. Our case study emphasizes the importance of formal and informal social structures and the research agendas of academic opinion leaders to explain the early engagement with and adoption of innovative scientific ideas. Studies of the early adoption of scientific theories can benefit from complementary perspectives on the role of academic opinion leaders and scientists in explaining theory adoption.

AbstractWe have a limited understanding of the role emotions play in academia, as exploring emotions consistently and comparably is challenging due to the powerful influence of contextual factors. However, we have identified an interesting setting to empirically investigate the emotional response in academia by examining Nobel Prize winners. Scientists who aspire to earn a Nobel Prize are under pressure from their environment if they have not yet received the Prize. While there are various indicators that suggest the Nobel Prize is forthcoming, the question of “when” weighs heavily on the minds of leading candidates. Consequently, waiting for the Nobel Prize is emotionally taxing. We therefore hypothesize that Nobel laureates who have experienced a prolonged wait for the award would feel a stronger sense of relief upon receiving it. We are interested in measuring their level of emotionality after receiving the Nobel Prize by analyzing their banquet speeches using linguistic content analysis. Banquet speeches provide a consistent and controlled setting to compare emotionality across scientists and over time, as we can measure the same responses to the same recognition under the same circumstances. We expect that waiting longer for the Nobel Prize will increase the positive emotionality of Nobelists’ speeches. The waiting time is determined by calculating the years since the Nobel Prize-winning work was performed. By conducting this time-lapse study, we find a robust positive correlation between waiting time and positive emotions in Nobel Prize banquet speeches. We conclude that scientists who waited longer for the Nobel Prize reported higher levels of positive emotions during their speeches.

This paper provides an overview of RePEc a digital platform for the dissemination of research in economics. Specifically, the focus is on RePEc's main author ranking, which aggregates 36 different rankings based on a range of criteria. The paper first describes the logic behind the ranking and then presents some key descriptive statistics on the top 5% of authors. Notably, the ranking is dominated by English-speaking authors, particularly those affiliated with institutions in the USA. Moreover, less than 9% of authors are female, while around 6% are deceased. Among the living authors, the estimated average age is 60, with over 21% of them aged 70 or above. The paper next discusses the aggregation of the 36 rankings using the harmonic mean, which is RePEc's preferred method. Some counterintuitive properties of this approach are highlighted. Finally, I propose a simpler ranking system based on two criteria-number of journal pages and number of citations-that weight journals and citations according to their qualities and also correct for the number of authors.