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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Abdelrazek Elnaggar; Mahmoud Said; Ida Kraševec; Aly Said; +2 Authors

    AbstractThe impacts of climate change on heritage collections in Mediterranean museums are serious and lead to accelerated material degradation, loss of value, increasing conservation costs and climatisation. Climate change scenarios and simulation models have been developed to predict the extreme and average future environmental conditions and to assess the future long-term risks caused by global warming for museum buildings and their collections in Mediterranean countries, with Egypt being particularly at risk. This paper presents the results of the risk analysis of the indoor and outdoor environments in Alexandria Museum of Fine Arts (AMFA) in Egypt to provide an overview of the current situation of conservation and museum management and to provide evidence-based data to support decision-making regarding preventive conservation given the museum's limited funding, capacity and resources. Unfortunately, the air quality in the museum cannot be considered satisfactory and specific measures need to be taken to improve the level of air quality and museum and building management. The results enabled an assessment of indoor air quality and provided information on potential risks to the museum building and collections, including variations in temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH), concentrations of NO2, SO2, O3, CO2, acetic and formic acid and lighting conditions, as well as the location and management of the museum. The results necessitate the development of a preventive conservation plan to address the challenges associated with high T/RH fluctuations and pollution pressure. This requires more regular use of the HVAC system within certain T/RH set points as well as minimising light exposure and the use of UV-filtering glazing. Care should be taken to ensure that housekeeping and emergency preparedness reduce the damping and salt florescence in the museum building. However, dealing with the impact of climate change on indoor and outdoor environments and museum collections in Mediterranean museums requires a holistic and adaptive approach that includes joint collaboration, research, training and strategic planning to ensure the long-term preservation of valuable cultural heritage collections in different climates with customised adaptations based on local environmental conditions, resources and needs. Resilience planning should be region-specific and take into account the potential impacts of extreme weather events, sea level rise and other climate-related challenges.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ UCL Discoveryarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    UCL Discovery
    Article . 2024
    Data sources: UCL Discovery
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Heritage Science
    Article . 2024
    Data sources: DOAJ
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Heritage Science
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ UCL Discoveryarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      UCL Discovery
      Article . 2024
      Data sources: UCL Discovery
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Heritage Science
      Article . 2024
      Data sources: DOAJ
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Heritage Science
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Morana Novak; Josep Grau-Bove; Caroline De Stefani; Caroline Checkley-Scott; +3 Authors

    AbstractArchival boxes are used as a preventive measure to control the microenvironment in museums and archives storages. However, their efficiency in protecting valuable artefacts from fluctuations in relative humidity (RH) is not yet fully understood. In this study, the environmental performance of different archival boxes with different configurations (size, design, presence of holes/paper material, cardboard types, surface modification) was included in the evaluation of internal environment (RH). The effectiveness of archival boxes on reducing relative humidity fluctuations was investigated by testing various properties of boxes and boards, such as air exchange rates (AER), moisture sorption and water vapour transmission rates (WVTR). While most cardboard boxes showed only a limited buffering against the humidity ingress, strategies such as surface modification limited the interaction of a box with the external environment, resulting in a more stable internal environment. Material and box properties, such as moisture sorption, AER and WVTR proved to be useful quantitative tools for assessing the environmental performance of the selected archival boxes.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ UCL Discoveryarrow_drop_down
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    UCL Discovery
    Article . 2024
    Data sources: UCL Discovery
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Heritage Science
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Heritage Science
    Article . 2024
    Data sources: DOAJ
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ UCL Discoveryarrow_drop_down
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      UCL Discovery
      Article . 2024
      Data sources: UCL Discovery
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Heritage Science
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Heritage Science
      Article . 2024
      Data sources: DOAJ
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Simon Rowberry;

    Abstract The digitization of the US Patent and Trademark Office’s (USPTO) backfile of six million patents undertaken between 1951 and 2001 was a five-decade struggle, featuring several media transitions from print and microfilm to CD-ROMs and, finally, the Web. This mass digitization project is on a similar scale to Google Books and the Internet Archive, but it is rarely discussed within critical digitization scholarship or for its significance as a tool for knowledge production. In this article, I focus on the USPTO’s patent document’s digital and physical material form and how the current paradigm of access and storage of the digital backfile emerged. Through this case study, I build upon Ian Milligan’s distinction between the ‘text’ and ‘platform’ layers of a digitization project to demonstrate how historical decisions regarding format and metadata continue to influence how users retrieve and interpret documents, such as patents, online.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ UCL Discoveryarrow_drop_down
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    UCL Discovery
    Article . 2024
    Data sources: UCL Discovery
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Digital Scholarship in the Humanities
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ UCL Discoveryarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      UCL Discovery
      Article . 2024
      Data sources: UCL Discovery
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Digital Scholarship in the Humanities
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Fuks, D; Schmidt, F; García-Collado, MI; Besseiche, M; +20 Authors

    So-called ‘forgotten’ or ‘orphan’ crops are an important component of strategies aimed at preserving and promoting biodiversity. Knowledge of historical cultivation, usage, and geographic and evolutionary trajectories of plants, that is, crop history research, is important for the long-term success of such efforts. However, research biases in the crops chosen for study may present hurdles. This review attempts to systematically identify patterns in crop species representativeness within archaeology-based crop history research. A meta-analysis and synthesis of archaeo- botanical evidence (and lack thereof) is presented for 268 species known to have been cultivated for food prior to 1492 CE from the Mediterranean region to South Asia. We identified 39 genera with known crop plants in this geographical and histor- ical context that are currently absent from its archaeobotanical record, constituting ‘orphan’ crops of archaeobotany. In addition, a worldwide synthesis of crop species studied using geometric morphometric, archaeogenetic and stable isotope analyses of archaeological plant remains is presented, and biases in the species represented in these disciplines are discussed. Both disciplinary methodological biases and economic agenda-based biases affecting species representativeness in crop history research are apparent. This study also highlights the limited geographic diffusion of most crops and the potential for deeper historical perspectives on how crops become marginal- ized and ‘forgotten’. L'agrobiodiversité est un puissant levier d'action de l'agriculture durable à l'échelle mondiale. La culture, la conservation et la réintroduction de diverses espèces végétales, y compris les cultures ‘oubliées’ et ‘sous-utilisées’, contribuent à l'agrobiodiversité mondiale, aux écosystèmes vivants et à la production alimentaire durable. Ces actions bénéficient des connaissances traditionnelles et historiques des trajectoires évolutives et culturelles des plantes cultivées. Cette étude représente une première tentative de mesure systématique de la représentativité des espèces dans les études des restes archéologiques de plantes. Les résultats indiquent que, en plus des sources de biais méthodologiques spécifiques à la discipline, les biais agricoles modernes peuvent se répliquer dans la recherche sur l'histoire des cultures et influencer la compréhension des ‘cultures oubliées’. Reconnaître ces biais est un premier pas vers leur rectification et la promotion de l'agrobiodiversité dans la recherche et les applications pratiques. International audience

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    MPG.PuRe
    Article . 2024
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    UCL Discovery
    Article . 2024
    Data sources: UCL Discovery
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    Apollo
    Article . 2024
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    Apollo
    Article . 2023
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    Article . 2024
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      Article . 2024
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      Article . 2024
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      UCL Discovery
      Article . 2024
      Data sources: UCL Discovery
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Apollo
      Article . 2024
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Apollo
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Apollo
      Article . 2023
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Datacite
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      Apollo
      Article . 2024
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    Authors: Irving-Pease, Evan K; Refoyo-Martínez, Alba; Barrie, William; Ingason, Andrés; +30 Authors

    AbstractThe Holocene (beginning around 12,000 years ago) encompassed some of the most significant changes in human evolution, with far-reaching consequences for the dietary, physical and mental health of present-day populations. Using a dataset of more than 1,600 imputed ancient genomes1, we modelled the selection landscape during the transition from hunting and gathering, to farming and pastoralism across West Eurasia. We identify key selection signals related to metabolism, including that selection at the FADS cluster began earlier than previously reported and that selection near the LCT locus predates the emergence of the lactase persistence allele by thousands of years. We also find strong selection in the HLA region, possibly due to increased exposure to pathogens during the Bronze Age. Using ancient individuals to infer local ancestry tracts in over 400,000 samples from the UK Biobank, we identify widespread differences in the distribution of Mesolithic, Neolithic and Bronze Age ancestries across Eurasia. By calculating ancestry-specific polygenic risk scores, we show that height differences between Northern and Southern Europe are associated with differential Steppe ancestry, rather than selection, and that risk alleles for mood-related phenotypes are enriched for Neolithic farmer ancestry, whereas risk alleles for diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease are enriched for Western hunter-gatherer ancestry. Our results indicate that ancient selection and migration were large contributors to the distribution of phenotypic diversity in present-day Europeans.

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    Apollo
    Article . 2024
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Apollo
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    Apollo
    Article . 2024
    Data sources: Apollo
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    Apollo
    Article . 2023
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Datacite
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    Apollo
    Article . 2024
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Apollo
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    Apollo
    Article . 2024
    License: CC BY
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    UCL Discovery
    Article . 2024
    Data sources: UCL Discovery
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      Apollo
      Article . 2024
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      Apollo
      Article . 2023
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      Apollo
      Article . 2024
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      Apollo
      Article . 2024
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      UCL Discovery
      Article . 2024
      Data sources: UCL Discovery
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    Authors: Ahn, Hyun-Soo; Çetinkaya, Eren; Duenyas, Izak; Zhang, Mengzhenyu;

    This paper studies how capacity collaboration can benefit two competing firms. We consider a two-stage model where capacity decisions are made in the first stage when there are significant uncertainties about market conditions, and then production decisions are made in the second stage after most of these uncertainties are resolved. We vary the degree of collaboration between the two firms in their capacity and production decisions, examining multiple models and comparing the outcomes. We find that a firm can benefit from collaboration even with its competitors. Interestingly, the firms do not have to make production decisions jointly to realize the benefits of collaboration. Additionally, while collaborative capacity investment proves beneficial, collaborating on production with existing capacity can often yield greater benefits. We find that the advantages of collaboration are most pronounced when competition intensifies, demand fluctuates significantly, and investment costs are high.

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    UCL Discovery
    Article . 2024
    Data sources: UCL Discovery
    SSRN Electronic Journal
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    Data sources: Crossref
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      UCL Discovery
      Article . 2024
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      SSRN Electronic Journal
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Altaweel, Mark; Kehlifi, Adel; Zafar, Mohammad Hashir;

    These data are used for training, testing, and evaluating the CycleGAN project related to coin reconstructions. Data are used to train the given CycleGAN model and coins are used to evaluate the model both internally, computationally, and by other users.Training_Data.zip: This file provides training data obtained used to train the CycleGAN. There is a training folder which contains two folders (badPNG and goodPNG). The goodPNG folder contains coins that are well preserved and used to train what a coin should look like. The badPNG folder contains damaged coins and attempts to train to reconstruct from these coins. There are two metadata files (bad coins metadata and good coin metadata) provide information about the coins and where they are found through the links provided in the files. These files correspond to the well preserved coins (good coin data) and poorly preserved coins (bad coins) used for reconstruction.testing_result_images.zip: These are image data used to test the developed CycleGAN model. The images folder contains the testing data. An index file (HTML) indicates the coins present. The index and images indicate real (i.e., the real coins used in reconstruction) and fake (i.e., reconstructed or GAN-derived coins).CoinsEvaluation.pdf: This file is used by testers to evaluate if they think given reconstructed coins shows improved quality or not from the real coin. The users are asked to evaluate coins on a 1-5 scale, with 1 indicating no difference and 5 indicating much improved reconstructions. testCoinReconstruction.zip: This folder contains real and fake (i.e., reconstructed coins) that is used to ask judges or users to determine if they can tell if a given coin is real or reconstructed (i.e., fake). In addition to the real and reconstructed coins, a pdf (Real_or_Fake.pdf) is used to ask judges to determine which given coins are real and which are generated reconstructions.finalModel.zip: This is the final CycleGAN model used for reconstructions applied in the paper.

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    UCL
    Dataset . 2024
    Data sources: B2FIND
    UCL Discovery
    Dataset . 2024
    License: CC 0
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    UCL Discovery
    Dataset . 2024
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      UCL
      Dataset . 2024
      Data sources: B2FIND
      UCL Discovery
      Dataset . 2024
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      UCL Discovery
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    Authors: Abraham, Haim;

    The development of international law of state responsibility in warfare thus far has either implicitly relied on tort law and theory as a means of comprehending elements of liability, or explicitly suggested that reparations in international law could follow domestic tort law in form and substance. In this Article, I argue that both approaches raise concerns about coherence and clarity and suggest that a Contextual Reliance Approach is required. Accordingly, the principles and concepts underlying domestic tort law can be adapted and applied to international law of state responsibility, but the unique features of warfare must be accounted for. In doing so, the Contextual Reliance Approach crystalizes the boundaries and unique functions of tort law and international law of state responsibility. By deploying the Contextual Reliance Approach, I clarify four main contested doctrinal and theoretical issues in the field of international law of state responsibility during warfare. First, the right to reparations under international law should only be extended to states. Second, duty to make reparations should only arise when a loss is inflicted by infringing the law of war. Third, fully correcting wrongs requires distinguishing between just and unjust wars, imposing compensatory damages for the former but allowing additional aggravated damages for the latter, while maintaining a prohibition on punitive damages. Fourth, global damages can be awarded, but only for losses that cannot be quantified based on market value.

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    UCL Discovery
    Article . 2023
    Data sources: UCL Discovery
    SSRN Electronic Journal
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      UCL Discovery
      Article . 2023
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      SSRN Electronic Journal
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Wood, Jonathan;

    Develops and expands current research into the concept of economic circularity, whereby societies reduce waste by recycling, reusing, and repairing raw materials and finished products.

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    UCL Discovery
    Part of book or chapter of book . 2023
    Data sources: UCL Discovery
    https://doi.org/10.2307/jj.104...
    Part of book or chapter of book . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      UCL Discovery
      Part of book or chapter of book . 2023
      Data sources: UCL Discovery
      https://doi.org/10.2307/jj.104...
      Part of book or chapter of book . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Caroline Mary Parker;

    The predominant criminological view of ‘carceral citizenship’ takes citizenship as a purely juridical matter, overlooking key social dimensions of citizenship as a human practice. To understand how the carceral turn is reconfiguring citizenship in Puerto Rico, I explore how formerly incarcerated people carve out a place for themselves in Puerto Rican society under the shadow of the prison. Focusing on one couple and their efforts to operate a therapeutic community, I show how self-help supplies a subset of former prisoners with a publicly recognized form of social belonging. Though more stable and encompassing than the stigmatized exile that awaits many people returning from prison, this carceral citizenship invites formerly incarcerated people to assume critical roles in the confinement, punishment, and care of people convicted of drug offences. Overall, this article highlights how self-help and punishment have emerged as intertwined mediums through which formerly incarcerated people assert their citizenship. Resumen: Ciudadanía carcelaria en Puerto Rico: Autoayuda y castigo La visión criminológica predominante de la “ciudadanía carcelaria” considera la ciudadanía como una cuestión puramente jurídica, obviando dimensiones sociales clave de la ciudadanía como la práctica humana. Para entender cómo el giro carcelario está reconfigurando la ciudadanía en Puerto Rico, exploro cómo las personas excarceladas se hacen un hueco en la sociedad puertorriqueña bajo la sombra de la prisión. Centrándome en una pareja y sus esfuerzos por gestionar una comunidad terapéutica, muestro cómo la autoayuda proporciona una forma de pertenencia social públicamente reconocida a un subconjunto de ex reclusos. Aunque más estable y abarcadora que el exilio estigmatizado que espera a muchas personas que regresan de la cárcel, esta ciudadanía carcelaria invita a personas anteriormente encarceladas a asumir funciones críticas en el confinamiento, castigo y cuidado de personas condenadas por delitos de drogas. En general, este artículo destaca cómo la autoayuda y el castigo han surgido como medios entrelazados a través de los cuales las personas excarceladas afirman su ciudadanía.

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    European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    UCL Discovery
    Article . 2023
    Data sources: UCL Discovery
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      European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      UCL Discovery
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Abdelrazek Elnaggar; Mahmoud Said; Ida Kraševec; Aly Said; +2 Authors

    AbstractThe impacts of climate change on heritage collections in Mediterranean museums are serious and lead to accelerated material degradation, loss of value, increasing conservation costs and climatisation. Climate change scenarios and simulation models have been developed to predict the extreme and average future environmental conditions and to assess the future long-term risks caused by global warming for museum buildings and their collections in Mediterranean countries, with Egypt being particularly at risk. This paper presents the results of the risk analysis of the indoor and outdoor environments in Alexandria Museum of Fine Arts (AMFA) in Egypt to provide an overview of the current situation of conservation and museum management and to provide evidence-based data to support decision-making regarding preventive conservation given the museum's limited funding, capacity and resources. Unfortunately, the air quality in the museum cannot be considered satisfactory and specific measures need to be taken to improve the level of air quality and museum and building management. The results enabled an assessment of indoor air quality and provided information on potential risks to the museum building and collections, including variations in temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH), concentrations of NO2, SO2, O3, CO2, acetic and formic acid and lighting conditions, as well as the location and management of the museum. The results necessitate the development of a preventive conservation plan to address the challenges associated with high T/RH fluctuations and pollution pressure. This requires more regular use of the HVAC system within certain T/RH set points as well as minimising light exposure and the use of UV-filtering glazing. Care should be taken to ensure that housekeeping and emergency preparedness reduce the damping and salt florescence in the museum building. However, dealing with the impact of climate change on indoor and outdoor environments and museum collections in Mediterranean museums requires a holistic and adaptive approach that includes joint collaboration, research, training and strategic planning to ensure the long-term preservation of valuable cultural heritage collections in different climates with customised adaptations based on local environmental conditions, resources and needs. Resilience planning should be region-specific and take into account the potential impacts of extreme weather events, sea level rise and other climate-related challenges.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ UCL Discoveryarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    UCL Discovery
    Article . 2024
    Data sources: UCL Discovery
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Heritage Science
    Article . 2024
    Data sources: DOAJ
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Heritage Science
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ UCL Discoveryarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      UCL Discovery
      Article . 2024
      Data sources: UCL Discovery
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Heritage Science
      Article . 2024
      Data sources: DOAJ
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Heritage Science
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Morana Novak; Josep Grau-Bove; Caroline De Stefani; Caroline Checkley-Scott; +3 Authors

    AbstractArchival boxes are used as a preventive measure to control the microenvironment in museums and archives storages. However, their efficiency in protecting valuable artefacts from fluctuations in relative humidity (RH) is not yet fully understood. In this study, the environmental performance of different archival boxes with different configurations (size, design, presence of holes/paper material, cardboard types, surface modification) was included in the evaluation of internal environment (RH). The effectiveness of archival boxes on reducing relative humidity fluctuations was investigated by testing various properties of boxes and boards, such as air exchange rates (AER), moisture sorption and water vapour transmission rates (WVTR). While most cardboard boxes showed only a limited buffering against the humidity ingress, strategies such as surface modification limited the interaction of a box with the external environment, resulting in a more stable internal environment. Material and box properties, such as moisture sorption, AER and WVTR proved to be useful quantitative tools for assessing the environmental performance of the selected archival boxes.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ UCL Discoveryarrow_drop_down
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    UCL Discovery
    Article . 2024
    Data sources: UCL Discovery
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    Heritage Science
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Heritage Science
    Article . 2024
    Data sources: DOAJ
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ UCL Discoveryarrow_drop_down
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      UCL Discovery
      Article . 2024
      Data sources: UCL Discovery
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Heritage Science
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Heritage Science
      Article . 2024
      Data sources: DOAJ
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Simon Rowberry;

    Abstract The digitization of the US Patent and Trademark Office’s (USPTO) backfile of six million patents undertaken between 1951 and 2001 was a five-decade struggle, featuring several media transitions from print and microfilm to CD-ROMs and, finally, the Web. This mass digitization project is on a similar scale to Google Books and the Internet Archive, but it is rarely discussed within critical digitization scholarship or for its significance as a tool for knowledge production. In this article, I focus on the USPTO’s patent document’s digital and physical material form and how the current paradigm of access and storage of the digital backfile emerged. Through this case study, I build upon Ian Milligan’s distinction between the ‘text’ and ‘platform’ layers of a digitization project to demonstrate how historical decisions regarding format and metadata continue to influence how users retrieve and interpret documents, such as patents, online.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ UCL Discoveryarrow_drop_down
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    UCL Discovery
    Article . 2024
    Data sources: UCL Discovery
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Digital Scholarship in the Humanities
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ UCL Discoveryarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      UCL Discovery
      Article . 2024
      Data sources: UCL Discovery
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Digital Scholarship in the Humanities
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Fuks, D; Schmidt, F; García-Collado, MI; Besseiche, M; +20 Authors

    So-called ‘forgotten’ or ‘orphan’ crops are an important component of strategies aimed at preserving and promoting biodiversity. Knowledge of historical cultivation, usage, and geographic and evolutionary trajectories of plants, that is, crop history research, is important for the long-term success of such efforts. However, research biases in the crops chosen for study may present hurdles. This review attempts to systematically identify patterns in crop species representativeness within archaeology-based crop history research. A meta-analysis and synthesis of archaeo- botanical evidence (and lack thereof) is presented for 268 species known to have been cultivated for food prior to 1492 CE from the Mediterranean region to South Asia. We identified 39 genera with known crop plants in this geographical and histor- ical context that are currently absent from its archaeobotanical record, constituting ‘orphan’ crops of archaeobotany. In addition, a worldwide synthesis of crop species studied using geometric morphometric, archaeogenetic and stable isotope analyses of archaeological plant remains is presented, and biases in the species represented in these disciplines are discussed. Both disciplinary methodological biases and economic agenda-based biases affecting species representativeness in crop history research are apparent. This study also highlights the limited geographic diffusion of most crops and the potential for deeper historical perspectives on how crops become marginal- ized and ‘forgotten’. L'agrobiodiversité est un puissant levier d'action de l'agriculture durable à l'échelle mondiale. La culture, la conservation et la réintroduction de diverses espèces végétales, y compris les cultures ‘oubliées’ et ‘sous-utilisées’, contribuent à l'agrobiodiversité mondiale, aux écosystèmes vivants et à la production alimentaire durable. Ces actions bénéficient des connaissances traditionnelles et historiques des trajectoires évolutives et culturelles des plantes cultivées. Cette étude représente une première tentative de mesure systématique de la représentativité des espèces dans les études des restes archéologiques de plantes. Les résultats indiquent que, en plus des sources de biais méthodologiques spécifiques à la discipline, les biais agricoles modernes peuvent se répliquer dans la recherche sur l'histoire des cultures et influencer la compréhension des ‘cultures oubliées’. Reconnaître ces biais est un premier pas vers leur rectification et la promotion de l'agrobiodiversité dans la recherche et les applications pratiques. International audience

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ HAL-IRDarrow_drop_down
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    MPG.PuRe
    Article . 2024
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: MPG.PuRe
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    MPG.PuRe
    Article . 2024
    Data sources: MPG.PuRe
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    UCL Discovery
    Article . 2024
    Data sources: UCL Discovery
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Apollo
    Article . 2024
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Apollo
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    Apollo
    Article . 2023
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Datacite
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    Apollo
    Article . 2024
    Data sources: Apollo
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      MPG.PuRe
      Article . 2024
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      Data sources: MPG.PuRe
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      Article . 2024
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      UCL Discovery
      Article . 2024
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      Apollo
      Article . 2024
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      Apollo
      Article . 2023
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      Data sources: Datacite
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      Apollo
      Article . 2024
      Data sources: Apollo
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    Authors: Irving-Pease, Evan K; Refoyo-Martínez, Alba; Barrie, William; Ingason, Andrés; +30 Authors

    AbstractThe Holocene (beginning around 12,000 years ago) encompassed some of the most significant changes in human evolution, with far-reaching consequences for the dietary, physical and mental health of present-day populations. Using a dataset of more than 1,600 imputed ancient genomes1, we modelled the selection landscape during the transition from hunting and gathering, to farming and pastoralism across West Eurasia. We identify key selection signals related to metabolism, including that selection at the FADS cluster began earlier than previously reported and that selection near the LCT locus predates the emergence of the lactase persistence allele by thousands of years. We also find strong selection in the HLA region, possibly due to increased exposure to pathogens during the Bronze Age. Using ancient individuals to infer local ancestry tracts in over 400,000 samples from the UK Biobank, we identify widespread differences in the distribution of Mesolithic, Neolithic and Bronze Age ancestries across Eurasia. By calculating ancestry-specific polygenic risk scores, we show that height differences between Northern and Southern Europe are associated with differential Steppe ancestry, rather than selection, and that risk alleles for mood-related phenotypes are enriched for Neolithic farmer ancestry, whereas risk alleles for diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease are enriched for Western hunter-gatherer ancestry. Our results indicate that ancient selection and migration were large contributors to the distribution of phenotypic diversity in present-day Europeans.

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    Apollo
    Article . 2024
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    Apollo
    Article . 2024
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    Apollo
    Article . 2023
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    Data sources: Datacite
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    Apollo
    Article . 2024
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    Apollo
    Article . 2024
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    UCL Discovery
    Article . 2024
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      Apollo
      Article . 2024
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      Apollo
      Article . 2024
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      Apollo
      Article . 2023
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      Apollo
      Article . 2024
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      Apollo
      Article . 2024
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      UCL Discovery
      Article . 2024
      Data sources: UCL Discovery
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    Authors: Ahn, Hyun-Soo; Çetinkaya, Eren; Duenyas, Izak; Zhang, Mengzhenyu;

    This paper studies how capacity collaboration can benefit two competing firms. We consider a two-stage model where capacity decisions are made in the first stage when there are significant uncertainties about market conditions, and then production decisions are made in the second stage after most of these uncertainties are resolved. We vary the degree of collaboration between the two firms in their capacity and production decisions, examining multiple models and comparing the outcomes. We find that a firm can benefit from collaboration even with its competitors. Interestingly, the firms do not have to make production decisions jointly to realize the benefits of collaboration. Additionally, while collaborative capacity investment proves beneficial, collaborating on production with existing capacity can often yield greater benefits. We find that the advantages of collaboration are most pronounced when competition intensifies, demand fluctuates significantly, and investment costs are high.

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    UCL Discovery
    Article . 2024
    Data sources: UCL Discovery
    SSRN Electronic Journal
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    Data sources: Crossref
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      UCL Discovery
      Article . 2024
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      SSRN Electronic Journal
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Altaweel, Mark; Kehlifi, Adel; Zafar, Mohammad Hashir;

    These data are used for training, testing, and evaluating the CycleGAN project related to coin reconstructions. Data are used to train the given CycleGAN model and coins are used to evaluate the model both internally, computationally, and by other users.Training_Data.zip: This file provides training data obtained used to train the CycleGAN. There is a training folder which contains two folders (badPNG and goodPNG). The goodPNG folder contains coins that are well preserved and used to train what a coin should look like. The badPNG folder contains damaged coins and attempts to train to reconstruct from these coins. There are two metadata files (bad coins metadata and good coin metadata) provide information about the coins and where they are found through the links provided in the files. These files correspond to the well preserved coins (good coin data) and poorly preserved coins (bad coins) used for reconstruction.testing_result_images.zip: These are image data used to test the developed CycleGAN model. The images folder contains the testing data. An index file (HTML) indicates the coins present. The index and images indicate real (i.e., the real coins used in reconstruction) and fake (i.e., reconstructed or GAN-derived coins).CoinsEvaluation.pdf: This file is used by testers to evaluate if they think given reconstructed coins shows improved quality or not from the real coin. The users are asked to evaluate coins on a 1-5 scale, with 1 indicating no difference and 5 indicating much improved reconstructions. testCoinReconstruction.zip: This folder contains real and fake (i.e., reconstructed coins) that is used to ask judges or users to determine if they can tell if a given coin is real or reconstructed (i.e., fake). In addition to the real and reconstructed coins, a pdf (Real_or_Fake.pdf) is used to ask judges to determine which given coins are real and which are generated reconstructions.finalModel.zip: This is the final CycleGAN model used for reconstructions applied in the paper.

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    UCL
    Dataset . 2024
    Data sources: B2FIND
    UCL Discovery
    Dataset . 2024
    License: CC 0
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    UCL Discovery
    Dataset . 2024
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      UCL
      Dataset . 2024
      Data sources: B2FIND
      UCL Discovery
      Dataset . 2024
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      UCL Discovery
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    Authors: Abraham, Haim;

    The development of international law of state responsibility in warfare thus far has either implicitly relied on tort law and theory as a means of comprehending elements of liability, or explicitly suggested that reparations in international law could follow domestic tort law in form and substance. In this Article, I argue that both approaches raise concerns about coherence and clarity and suggest that a Contextual Reliance Approach is required. Accordingly, the principles and concepts underlying domestic tort law can be adapted and applied to international law of state responsibility, but the unique features of warfare must be accounted for. In doing so, the Contextual Reliance Approach crystalizes the boundaries and unique functions of tort law and international law of state responsibility. By deploying the Contextual Reliance Approach, I clarify four main contested doctrinal and theoretical issues in the field of international law of state responsibility during warfare. First, the right to reparations under international law should only be extended to states. Second, duty to make reparations should only arise when a loss is inflicted by infringing the law of war. Third, fully correcting wrongs requires distinguishing between just and unjust wars, imposing compensatory damages for the former but allowing additional aggravated damages for the latter, while maintaining a prohibition on punitive damages. Fourth, global damages can be awarded, but only for losses that cannot be quantified based on market value.

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    UCL Discovery
    Article . 2023
    Data sources: UCL Discovery
    SSRN Electronic Journal
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      UCL Discovery
      Article . 2023
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      SSRN Electronic Journal
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Wood, Jonathan;

    Develops and expands current research into the concept of economic circularity, whereby societies reduce waste by recycling, reusing, and repairing raw materials and finished products.

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    UCL Discovery
    Part of book or chapter of book . 2023
    Data sources: UCL Discovery
    https://doi.org/10.2307/jj.104...
    Part of book or chapter of book . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      UCL Discovery
      Part of book or chapter of book . 2023
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      https://doi.org/10.2307/jj.104...
      Part of book or chapter of book . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Caroline Mary Parker;

    The predominant criminological view of ‘carceral citizenship’ takes citizenship as a purely juridical matter, overlooking key social dimensions of citizenship as a human practice. To understand how the carceral turn is reconfiguring citizenship in Puerto Rico, I explore how formerly incarcerated people carve out a place for themselves in Puerto Rican society under the shadow of the prison. Focusing on one couple and their efforts to operate a therapeutic community, I show how self-help supplies a subset of former prisoners with a publicly recognized form of social belonging. Though more stable and encompassing than the stigmatized exile that awaits many people returning from prison, this carceral citizenship invites formerly incarcerated people to assume critical roles in the confinement, punishment, and care of people convicted of drug offences. Overall, this article highlights how self-help and punishment have emerged as intertwined mediums through which formerly incarcerated people assert their citizenship. Resumen: Ciudadanía carcelaria en Puerto Rico: Autoayuda y castigo La visión criminológica predominante de la “ciudadanía carcelaria” considera la ciudadanía como una cuestión puramente jurídica, obviando dimensiones sociales clave de la ciudadanía como la práctica humana. Para entender cómo el giro carcelario está reconfigurando la ciudadanía en Puerto Rico, exploro cómo las personas excarceladas se hacen un hueco en la sociedad puertorriqueña bajo la sombra de la prisión. Centrándome en una pareja y sus esfuerzos por gestionar una comunidad terapéutica, muestro cómo la autoayuda proporciona una forma de pertenencia social públicamente reconocida a un subconjunto de ex reclusos. Aunque más estable y abarcadora que el exilio estigmatizado que espera a muchas personas que regresan de la cárcel, esta ciudadanía carcelaria invita a personas anteriormente encarceladas a asumir funciones críticas en el confinamiento, castigo y cuidado de personas condenadas por delitos de drogas. En general, este artículo destaca cómo la autoayuda y el castigo han surgido como medios entrelazados a través de los cuales las personas excarceladas afirman su ciudadanía.

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    European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    UCL Discovery
    Article . 2023
    Data sources: UCL Discovery
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ European Review of L...arrow_drop_down
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      European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      UCL Discovery
      Article . 2023
      Data sources: UCL Discovery
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