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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Streitberger, Alexander; Entangled Art Histories between Germany and the United States, 1960-1990: Production, Diffusion, Reception;

    The paper examines how American artist Andrea Fraser explores the specific political, institutional and historical conditions of art in Germany through the two exhibitions she has had at Gallery Nagel in Cologne in 1990 and 2001.

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    Authors: Tomassini, Paolo; D'Alessio, Alessandro; Tempesta, Claudia; Landskron, Alice; +1 Authors

    Urbs in transitum vuole essere l’avvio di un percorso volto a costituire un’ampia ed inclusiva comunità di studiosi del mondo antico attorno al secolo che funge da cerniera tra l’epoca di massimo sviluppo dell’Impero romano ed i successivi esiti di epoca tardo antica, il III secolo d.C. Alla luce della costante crescita di interesse per questo periodo e dell’ampliamento delle conoscenze archeologiche relative alle città di Roma, Ostia e Portus, il libro, che raccoglie gli atti del convegno eponimo, affronta diverse questioni, come il rapporto tra la città e i suoi porti, la topografia degli spazi urbani e suburbani, l’architettura e le tecniche costruttive, i rivestimenti musivi e pittorici, gli arredi scultorei e la produzione e circolazione di oggetti e materie prime.

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    Authors: Jamotton, Charlotte; Hainaut, Donatien;

    This article explores the application of Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) to structured tabular insurance data. LDA is a probabilistic topic modelling approach initially developed in Natural Language Processing (NLP) to uncover the underlying structure of (unstructured) textual data. It was designed to represent textual documents as mixture of latent (hidden) topics, and topics as mixtures of words. This study introduces the LDA’s document-topic distribution as a soft clustering tool for unsupervised learningtasks in the actuarial field. By defining each topic as a risk profile, and by treating insurance policies as documents and the modalities of categorical covariates as words, we show how LDA can be extended beyond textual data and can offer a framework to uncover underlying structures within insurance portfolios. Our experimental results and analysis highlight how the modelling of policies based on topic cluster membership, and the identification of dominant modalities within each risk profile, can give insights into the prominent risk factors contributing to higher or lower claim frequencies.

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    Authors: Monti, Dario; Tracce d’identità: espressioni, manipolazioni e persistenze dall’Antichità all’Età contemporanea;

    L'Italia prima dell'unificazione romana ci viene presentata dalle fonti storiche romane e greche come un mosaico policromo di popoli, dai confini abbastanza definiti. Tuttavia, se scartiamo questa prospettiva e guardiamo invece alle testimonianze archeologiche ed epigrafiche, l'immagine cambia in modo significativo, specialmente per la fasi più antiche. I confini tra questi popoli sembrano perdere la loro nitidezza, formando spesso un gioco di sfumature e gradienti. Tuttavia, adottando un approccio olistico ai dati, è possibile identificare alcune linee di differenza che sembrano materializzare i confini tra vari livelli di identità collettive coesistenti e non necessariamente mutualmente esclusive. Questo tema sarà affrontato nella presentazione attraverso il caso di studio dei Sabini, uno dei principali popoli preromani dell'Italia centrale. Secondo le fonti, infatti, questi sarebbero stati all’origine di vari popoli vicini attraverso un rito di migrazione sacra (ver sacrum). Nell’intervento ci si propone quindi di leggere queste informazioni in modo diacronico, indagando le cause della genesi di nuove identità collettive, analizzandone i differenti rapporti che istituiscono e tentando di seguirne la conseguente moltiplicazione del confine (cfr. Barth 1969) attraverso il dato archeologico ed epigrafico, messo in parte in dialogo con approcci mutuati da altre discipline (ad es. la Optimal Distinctiveness Theory, vedi Leonardelli, Pickett, Brewer 2010). Contestualmente ci si propone inoltre di trattare, dalla prospettiva della disciplina archeologica, l’identità sia in quanto concetto operativo che in quanto strumento analitico (cfr. Remotti 2010, 25 e segg.), cercando di discriminarne le prospettive “etics” e quelle “emics” (cfr. Headland, Pike, Harris 1990).

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Limina, Valentina; IGS Spring Conference. Mediality and self-world relations;

    This contribution aims to reflect the need for more insightful interpretations of archaeological objects as “media products” that can reveal how the dynamics of identity and landscape formation worked in the past. Through the presentation of my post-doctoral project, RELOAD (REthinking Liminality Open Access Data), funded by F.R.S.-FNRS at UCLouvain as a case study, the paper argues that alternative narratives of the past could be achieved thanks to a better understanding of the interdependency between objects, human behaviour, environment. The ongoing debate about the approaches to material culture and human agency in archaeology reveals that a shared perception of ‘resonance’, to be considered as the interaction of the human mind and objects situated in a specific space and time, has not yet been reached. It is evident that archaeology needs material culture, that individuals live in a mediating relation to their surroundings and their peers, and that communication proceeds through symbolic codes; however, there is still some scepticism in considering objects as medium of bodily actions, attitudes, and ideas to reconstruct human-environmental interactions in the past. Moreover, even when objects are considered as implicated in animacy, behaviour and identity, one of the main risks is to take into consideration only individual artefacts; however, their patterns of associations are highly significant considering that objects are never isolated, but they change within the flow of time and about the way agents experienced them. If there is agreement that we must rethink many common assumptions concerning cognition, perception, and action, a comprehensive understanding of networks of archaeological objects as vehicles of identities is still missing. Similarly, integrating data about archaeological materials and other available sources revealed fundamental to reconstructing the dynamics of ancient landscape formation. As the paper tries to demonstrate, material assemblages could hide traces to investigate past identities. At the same time, their role in detecting social interactions and understanding space organization strategies should not be underestimated. The benefit of applying agent-based model simulations in archaeology is linked to the possibility of testing the validity of theoretical approaches in a digital environment featured by actual characteristics. All this leads to reflecting on the methodological choices, their impact on data interpretation, and the importance of integrating a network of objects and their social dimension to reconstruct alternative narratives of the past.

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    Authors: Monti, Dario; Accordia - Early Career Talks 2023-2024;

    Before the Roman unification (290 BC), the territory straddling the ridges of the central Apennines had long served as the backbone of the Osco-Umbrian speaking Italic world. The distinctive topography of the region most probably contributed to shape a peculiar society and culture, influencing its structure and historical development. This talk focuses on the Sabine communities in the Nursia territory (Perugia, south-eastern Umbria) as a case study to examine societal and cultural patterns. The data come both from archival sources and previous and ongoing scientific research. They will be used to shed new light on the domestic, economic, sacral, and funerary patterns in the case study area and make a case for the presence of communities as vibrant and active as the better studied ‘great civilisations’ of the Thyrrenian plains (e.g., the Etruscans and the Romans).

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    Authors: Eugenia Sokolinski; Clivaz, Claire; Isabelle Marthot-Santaniello;

    Eugenia Sokolinski, Manager Editor of the COMSt Bulletin, has written a conference report about our 7-8 December online event, hold from Basel: Perceptions of Writing in Papyri. Crossing Close and Distant Readings, co-organized by Claire Clivaz (SIB, CH & RSCS, UCLouvain) and Isabelle Marthot-Santaniello(University of Basel). All videos are available online: https://d-scribes.philhist.unibas.ch/en/event/details/perceptions-of-writing-in-papyri-crossing-close-and-distant-readings/

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    https://doi.org/10.25592/uhhfd...
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    https://doi.org/10.25592/uhhfd...
    Article . 2023
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      https://doi.org/10.25592/uhhfd...
      Article . 2023
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      https://doi.org/10.25592/uhhfd...
      Article . 2023
      License: CC BY
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Meng Zhang; Madhuri Sankaranarayanapillai; Jingcheng Du; Yang Xiang; +5 Authors

    Abstract Background With more clinical trials are offering optional participation in the collection of bio-specimens for biobanking comes the increasing complexity of requirements of informed consent forms. The aim of this study is to develop an automatic natural language processing (NLP) tool to annotate informed consent documents to promote biorepository data regulation, sharing, and decision support. We collected informed consent documents from several publicly available sources, then manually annotated them, covering sentences containing permission information about the sharing of either bio-specimens or donor data, or conducting genetic research or future research using bio-specimens or donor data. Results We evaluated a variety of machine learning algorithms including random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM) for the automatic identification of these sentences. 120 informed consent documents containing 29,204 sentences were annotated, of which 1250 sentences (4.28%) provide answers to a permission question. A support vector machine (SVM) model achieved a F-1 score of 0.95 on classifying the sentences when using a gold standard, which is a prefiltered corpus containing all relevant sentences. Conclusions This study provides the feasibility of using machine learning tools to classify permission-related sentences in informed consent documents.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ BMC Bioinformaticsarrow_drop_down
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    BMC Bioinformatics
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    BMC Bioinformatics
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      BMC Bioinformatics
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    Authors: Baptiste Blachier; Pierre Auclair; Christophe Ringeval; Vincent Vennin;

    We revisit how super-Hubble cosmological fluctuations induce, at any time in the cosmic history, a non-vanishing spatial curvature of the local background metric. The random nature of these fluctuations promotes the curvature density parameter to a stochastic quantity for which we derive novel non-perturbative expressions for its mean, variance, higher moments and full probability distribution. For scale-invariant Gaussian perturbations, such as those favored by cosmological observations, we find that the most probable value for the curvature density parameter $\Omega_\mathrm{K}$ today is $-10^{-9}$, that its mean is $+10^{-9}$, both being overwhelmed by a standard deviation of order $10^{-5}$. We then discuss how these numbers would be affected by the presence of large super-Hubble non-Gaussianities, or, if inflation lasted for a very long time. In particular, we find that substantial values of $\Omega_\mathrm{K}$ are obtained if inflation lasts for more than a billion e-folds. Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, uses RevTex. Misprints corrected, references added, matches published version

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    arXiv.org e-Print Archive
    Other literature type . Preprint . 2023
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    https://doi.org/10.1103/physre...
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      https://doi.org/10.1103/physre...
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    Authors: Lean, Oliver M.; Rivelli, Luca; Pence, Charles H.;

    Empirical philosophers of science aim to base their philosophical theories on observations of scientific practice. But since there is far too much science to observe it all, how can we form and test hypotheses about science that are sufficiently rigorous and broad in scope, while avoiding the pitfalls of bias and subjectivity in our methods? Part of the answer, we claim, lies in the computational tools of the digital humanities, which allow us to analyse large volumes of scientific literature. Here we advocate for the use of these methods by addressing a number of large-scale, justificatory concerns—specifically, about the epistemic value of journal articles as evidence for what happens elsewhere in science, and about the ability of digital humanities tools to extract this evidence. Far from ignoring the gap between scientific literature and the rest of scientific practice, effective use of digital humanities tools requires critical reflection about these relationships.

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    The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Streitberger, Alexander; Entangled Art Histories between Germany and the United States, 1960-1990: Production, Diffusion, Reception;

    The paper examines how American artist Andrea Fraser explores the specific political, institutional and historical conditions of art in Germany through the two exhibitions she has had at Gallery Nagel in Cologne in 1990 and 2001.

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    Authors: Tomassini, Paolo; D'Alessio, Alessandro; Tempesta, Claudia; Landskron, Alice; +1 Authors

    Urbs in transitum vuole essere l’avvio di un percorso volto a costituire un’ampia ed inclusiva comunità di studiosi del mondo antico attorno al secolo che funge da cerniera tra l’epoca di massimo sviluppo dell’Impero romano ed i successivi esiti di epoca tardo antica, il III secolo d.C. Alla luce della costante crescita di interesse per questo periodo e dell’ampliamento delle conoscenze archeologiche relative alle città di Roma, Ostia e Portus, il libro, che raccoglie gli atti del convegno eponimo, affronta diverse questioni, come il rapporto tra la città e i suoi porti, la topografia degli spazi urbani e suburbani, l’architettura e le tecniche costruttive, i rivestimenti musivi e pittorici, gli arredi scultorei e la produzione e circolazione di oggetti e materie prime.

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    Authors: Jamotton, Charlotte; Hainaut, Donatien;

    This article explores the application of Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) to structured tabular insurance data. LDA is a probabilistic topic modelling approach initially developed in Natural Language Processing (NLP) to uncover the underlying structure of (unstructured) textual data. It was designed to represent textual documents as mixture of latent (hidden) topics, and topics as mixtures of words. This study introduces the LDA’s document-topic distribution as a soft clustering tool for unsupervised learningtasks in the actuarial field. By defining each topic as a risk profile, and by treating insurance policies as documents and the modalities of categorical covariates as words, we show how LDA can be extended beyond textual data and can offer a framework to uncover underlying structures within insurance portfolios. Our experimental results and analysis highlight how the modelling of policies based on topic cluster membership, and the identification of dominant modalities within each risk profile, can give insights into the prominent risk factors contributing to higher or lower claim frequencies.

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    Authors: Monti, Dario; Tracce d’identità: espressioni, manipolazioni e persistenze dall’Antichità all’Età contemporanea;

    L'Italia prima dell'unificazione romana ci viene presentata dalle fonti storiche romane e greche come un mosaico policromo di popoli, dai confini abbastanza definiti. Tuttavia, se scartiamo questa prospettiva e guardiamo invece alle testimonianze archeologiche ed epigrafiche, l'immagine cambia in modo significativo, specialmente per la fasi più antiche. I confini tra questi popoli sembrano perdere la loro nitidezza, formando spesso un gioco di sfumature e gradienti. Tuttavia, adottando un approccio olistico ai dati, è possibile identificare alcune linee di differenza che sembrano materializzare i confini tra vari livelli di identità collettive coesistenti e non necessariamente mutualmente esclusive. Questo tema sarà affrontato nella presentazione attraverso il caso di studio dei Sabini, uno dei principali popoli preromani dell'Italia centrale. Secondo le fonti, infatti, questi sarebbero stati all’origine di vari popoli vicini attraverso un rito di migrazione sacra (ver sacrum). Nell’intervento ci si propone quindi di leggere queste informazioni in modo diacronico, indagando le cause della genesi di nuove identità collettive, analizzandone i differenti rapporti che istituiscono e tentando di seguirne la conseguente moltiplicazione del confine (cfr. Barth 1969) attraverso il dato archeologico ed epigrafico, messo in parte in dialogo con approcci mutuati da altre discipline (ad es. la Optimal Distinctiveness Theory, vedi Leonardelli, Pickett, Brewer 2010). Contestualmente ci si propone inoltre di trattare, dalla prospettiva della disciplina archeologica, l’identità sia in quanto concetto operativo che in quanto strumento analitico (cfr. Remotti 2010, 25 e segg.), cercando di discriminarne le prospettive “etics” e quelle “emics” (cfr. Headland, Pike, Harris 1990).

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    Authors: Limina, Valentina; IGS Spring Conference. Mediality and self-world relations;

    This contribution aims to reflect the need for more insightful interpretations of archaeological objects as “media products” that can reveal how the dynamics of identity and landscape formation worked in the past. Through the presentation of my post-doctoral project, RELOAD (REthinking Liminality Open Access Data), funded by F.R.S.-FNRS at UCLouvain as a case study, the paper argues that alternative narratives of the past could be achieved thanks to a better understanding of the interdependency between objects, human behaviour, environment. The ongoing debate about the approaches to material culture and human agency in archaeology reveals that a shared perception of ‘resonance’, to be considered as the interaction of the human mind and objects situated in a specific space and time, has not yet been reached. It is evident that archaeology needs material culture, that individuals live in a mediating relation to their surroundings and their peers, and that communication proceeds through symbolic codes; however, there is still some scepticism in considering objects as medium of bodily actions, attitudes, and ideas to reconstruct human-environmental interactions in the past. Moreover, even when objects are considered as implicated in animacy, behaviour and identity, one of the main risks is to take into consideration only individual artefacts; however, their patterns of associations are highly significant considering that objects are never isolated, but they change within the flow of time and about the way agents experienced them. If there is agreement that we must rethink many common assumptions concerning cognition, perception, and action, a comprehensive understanding of networks of archaeological objects as vehicles of identities is still missing. Similarly, integrating data about archaeological materials and other available sources revealed fundamental to reconstructing the dynamics of ancient landscape formation. As the paper tries to demonstrate, material assemblages could hide traces to investigate past identities. At the same time, their role in detecting social interactions and understanding space organization strategies should not be underestimated. The benefit of applying agent-based model simulations in archaeology is linked to the possibility of testing the validity of theoretical approaches in a digital environment featured by actual characteristics. All this leads to reflecting on the methodological choices, their impact on data interpretation, and the importance of integrating a network of objects and their social dimension to reconstruct alternative narratives of the past.

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    Authors: Monti, Dario; Accordia - Early Career Talks 2023-2024;

    Before the Roman unification (290 BC), the territory straddling the ridges of the central Apennines had long served as the backbone of the Osco-Umbrian speaking Italic world. The distinctive topography of the region most probably contributed to shape a peculiar society and culture, influencing its structure and historical development. This talk focuses on the Sabine communities in the Nursia territory (Perugia, south-eastern Umbria) as a case study to examine societal and cultural patterns. The data come both from archival sources and previous and ongoing scientific research. They will be used to shed new light on the domestic, economic, sacral, and funerary patterns in the case study area and make a case for the presence of communities as vibrant and active as the better studied ‘great civilisations’ of the Thyrrenian plains (e.g., the Etruscans and the Romans).

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    Authors: Eugenia Sokolinski; Clivaz, Claire; Isabelle Marthot-Santaniello;

    Eugenia Sokolinski, Manager Editor of the COMSt Bulletin, has written a conference report about our 7-8 December online event, hold from Basel: Perceptions of Writing in Papyri. Crossing Close and Distant Readings, co-organized by Claire Clivaz (SIB, CH & RSCS, UCLouvain) and Isabelle Marthot-Santaniello(University of Basel). All videos are available online: https://d-scribes.philhist.unibas.ch/en/event/details/perceptions-of-writing-in-papyri-crossing-close-and-distant-readings/

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    https://doi.org/10.25592/uhhfd...
    Article . 2023
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    Article . 2023
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    https://doi.org/10.25592/uhhfd...
    Article . 2023
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      https://doi.org/10.25592/uhhfd...
      Article . 2023
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      https://doi.org/10.25592/uhhfd...
      Article . 2023
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    Authors: Meng Zhang; Madhuri Sankaranarayanapillai; Jingcheng Du; Yang Xiang; +5 Authors

    Abstract Background With more clinical trials are offering optional participation in the collection of bio-specimens for biobanking comes the increasing complexity of requirements of informed consent forms. The aim of this study is to develop an automatic natural language processing (NLP) tool to annotate informed consent documents to promote biorepository data regulation, sharing, and decision support. We collected informed consent documents from several publicly available sources, then manually annotated them, covering sentences containing permission information about the sharing of either bio-specimens or donor data, or conducting genetic research or future research using bio-specimens or donor data. Results We evaluated a variety of machine learning algorithms including random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM) for the automatic identification of these sentences. 120 informed consent documents containing 29,204 sentences were annotated, of which 1250 sentences (4.28%) provide answers to a permission question. A support vector machine (SVM) model achieved a F-1 score of 0.95 on classifying the sentences when using a gold standard, which is a prefiltered corpus containing all relevant sentences. Conclusions This study provides the feasibility of using machine learning tools to classify permission-related sentences in informed consent documents.

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    BMC Bioinformatics
    Article . 2023
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    BMC Bioinformatics
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Baptiste Blachier; Pierre Auclair; Christophe Ringeval; Vincent Vennin;

    We revisit how super-Hubble cosmological fluctuations induce, at any time in the cosmic history, a non-vanishing spatial curvature of the local background metric. The random nature of these fluctuations promotes the curvature density parameter to a stochastic quantity for which we derive novel non-perturbative expressions for its mean, variance, higher moments and full probability distribution. For scale-invariant Gaussian perturbations, such as those favored by cosmological observations, we find that the most probable value for the curvature density parameter $\Omega_\mathrm{K}$ today is $-10^{-9}$, that its mean is $+10^{-9}$, both being overwhelmed by a standard deviation of order $10^{-5}$. We then discuss how these numbers would be affected by the presence of large super-Hubble non-Gaussianities, or, if inflation lasted for a very long time. In particular, we find that substantial values of $\Omega_\mathrm{K}$ are obtained if inflation lasts for more than a billion e-folds. Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, uses RevTex. Misprints corrected, references added, matches published version

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    arXiv.org e-Print Archive
    Other literature type . Preprint . 2023
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    https://doi.org/10.1103/physre...
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv...
    Article . 2023
    License: arXiv Non-Exclusive Distribution
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      https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv...
      Article . 2023
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    Authors: Lean, Oliver M.; Rivelli, Luca; Pence, Charles H.;

    Empirical philosophers of science aim to base their philosophical theories on observations of scientific practice. But since there is far too much science to observe it all, how can we form and test hypotheses about science that are sufficiently rigorous and broad in scope, while avoiding the pitfalls of bias and subjectivity in our methods? Part of the answer, we claim, lies in the computational tools of the digital humanities, which allow us to analyse large volumes of scientific literature. Here we advocate for the use of these methods by addressing a number of large-scale, justificatory concerns—specifically, about the epistemic value of journal articles as evidence for what happens elsewhere in science, and about the ability of digital humanities tools to extract this evidence. Far from ignoring the gap between scientific literature and the rest of scientific practice, effective use of digital humanities tools requires critical reflection about these relationships.

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    The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ The British Journal ...arrow_drop_down
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      The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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