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This article brings to bear findings from the debate on the boundary problem in democratic theory on discussions of workplace democracy to argue that workplace democrats’ focus on workers is unjustified and that more constituencies will have to be included in any prospective scheme of workplace democracy. It thereby provides a valuable and underdiscussed perspective on workplace democracy that goes beyond the debate’s usual focus on the clarification and justification of workplace democrats’ core claim. It also goes beyond approaches like stakeholder theory in law and economics that determine decision-making rights without taking into account genuinely democratic considerations. My discussion proceeds by considering three principles for inclusion from democratic theory for the specific case of the corporation. I submit that two of them, the all-coerced and the all-subjected principle, are not appropriate for this specific case, because they cannot capture the distinguishing features of the corporation. The all-affected principle however is appropriate but has a very wide range. I further argue that this is not as big of a problem as it first might seem and that this principle is still the most appropriate for defining the demos of the democratic corporation. The article closes by pointing out the consequences of this result for the workplace democracy debate and for the legitimacy of the market as a coordination mechanism.

This is collection of all the stories' titles published on Wattpad at the date: January 2018. It's a corpus of around 30 millions titles in more than 50 different languages. It includes mainly original fiction and a small part of fan fiction (roughly 10%). The R Markdown files regarding the procedures for network analysis and sentiment analysis can be found in the GitHub repository: https://github.com/SimoneRebora/Wattpad_analysis We published an article based on this data https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226708

In the last few decades, migrants’ past experiences and memories have become increasingly recognized as a heritage. While this can be seen as a positive shift towards a more inclusive evaluation of the past, migration heritage is still overwhelmingly portrayed through a binary between the country of origin and country of settlement. This tendency obscures the multiple transnational connections migrants sustain with different locations along the migration process. Drawing on examples of Chinese migration to Europe, this article argues in favour of forgoing the national(istic) approach to heritagization and instead focusing on the connections formed during a century of Chinese migration to Europe.

Background: Historical ethnobotanical data can provide valuable information about past human-nature relationships as well as serve as a basis for diachronic analysis. This data note aims to present a dataset which documented medicinal plant uses, mentioned in a selection of German-language sources from the 19th century covering the historical regions of Estonia, Livonia, Courland, and Galicia. Methods: Data was mainly obtained by systematic manual search in various relevant historical German-language works focused on the medicinal use of plants. Data about plant and non-plant constituents, their usage, the mode of administration, used plant parts, and their German and local names was extracted and collected into a database in the form of Use Reports.

Background: Centralizing procurement for prescription drugs has the potential to reduce drug spending by creating economies of scale and by improving purchasing power. In March 2019, the Chinese government launched a volume-based purchasing (VBP) pilot program using a competitive bidding process to purchase high-quality generic drugs for which branded drug substitutes were available. We evaluated the impact of introducing the VBP pilot on drug purchase quantity and spending. Methods: We performed an interrupted time-series design to estimate the change in monthly drug purchase quantity and spending comparing fourteen months before and seven months after the VBP pilot. We obtained monthly prescription drug purchase data for all purchases from public hospitals in the three large pilot cities (Beijing, Shanghai and Xi’an) and two non-pilot cities (Changsha and Zhengzhou) between January 2018 to September 2019. We measured quantity and spending outcomes separately for the branded and generic substitutes that were selected in the VBP, and other drugs for the treatment of the same diseases. We evaluated heterogeneity of impact by pilot city, drug type, and therapeutic class (cardiovascular disease, mental disorder and cancer) separately. Findings: The VBP pilot in these three cities covered 60 million individuals. The implementation of the pilot reform was associated with a 132% (95%-CI: 104%-165%, p<0·001) increase in the purchase quantity of selected drugs in pilot cities compared to an 17% decrease (95%-CI: 9%-25%, p<0·001) in control cities. In contrast, the purchase quantity of branded and other drugs in pilot cities decreased by 38% (95%-CI: 27%-46%, p<0·001) and 77% (95%-CI: 71%-81%, p<0·001), respectively; while in control cities, these remained at similar levels. Overall, there was a 35% (95%-CI: 28%-41%, p<0·001) decrease in the purchase spending for all drugs in the first post-policy month, from 8·1 billion CNY estimated in the absence of VBP down to 5·3 billion CNY. The largest reduction in spending was in Shanghai and from drugs for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Interpretation: The evidence suggests positive impact of the VBP pilot in reducing the overall drug spending and increasing the use of high-quality generics in three pilot cities. This overall trend is not observed in two non-pilot cities. Assessment of long-term impact of the VBP policy is needed on various outcomes such as drug prescription and utilization patterns, patients’ health outcomes and spending. Funding: None to declare. Declaration of Interest: None to declare.

This book is available as open access through the Bloomsbury Open programme and is available on www.bloomsburycollections.com. It is funded by Trinity College Dublin, DARIAH-EU and the European Commission.This book explores the challenges society faces with big data, through the lens of culture rather than social, political or economic trends, as demonstrated in the words we use, the values that underpin our interactions, and the biases and assumptions that drive us. Focusing on areas such as data and language, data and sensemaking, data and power, data and invisibility, and big data aggregation, it demonstrates that humanities research, focussing on cultural rather than social, political or economic frames of reference for viewing technology, resists mass datafication for a reason, and that those very reasons can be instructive for the critical observation of big data research and innovation.

The paper analyses the Concept Development and Experimentation (CD&E) approach which has been developed and implemented in NATO over the last 20 years. NATO’s CD&E approach is explained as an organisational innovation and institutional response to external and internal pressures. Within the theoretical framing of institutional isomorphism, the paper analyses the adoption of CD&E in the European Union’s (EU) Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP). The research hypothesis is that the EU will adopt and apply NATO’s CD&E approach in the EU’s defence planning and capability development process. The empirical findings from the analysis of the EU policy practice, however, show that CD&E has actually been adopted from NATO and applied by the EU to a very limited extent. The low degree of isomorphism between NATO and the EU with regard to applying CD&E is explained by a complex set of factors. The research results have broader implications, suggesting that under the current institutional settings it is highly unlikely CD&E to be adopted by other international organisations in the field of international security.

An increasing number of researchers support reproducibility by including pointers to and descriptions of datasets, software and methods in their publications. However, scientific articles may be ambiguous, incomplete and difficult to process by automated systems. In this paper we introduce RO-Crate, an open, community-driven, and lightweight approach to packaging research artefacts along with their metadata in a machine readable manner. RO-Crate is based on Schema$.$org annotations in JSON-LD, aiming to establish best practices to formally describe metadata in an accessible and practical way for their use in a wide variety of situations. An RO-Crate is a structured archive of all the items that contributed to a research outcome, including their identifiers, provenance, relations and annotations. As a general purpose packaging approach for data and their metadata, RO-Crate is used across multiple areas, including bioinformatics, digital humanities and regulatory sciences. By applying "just enough" Linked Data standards, RO-Crate simplifies the process of making research outputs FAIR while also enhancing research reproducibility. An RO-Crate for this article is available at https://www.researchobject.org/2021-packaging-research-artefacts-with-ro-crate/ Comment: 42 pages. Submitted to Data Science