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Various HfB2 powders were prepared by coprecipitation method combined with carbothermal reduction method, and were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS, NMR, FTIR, TGA-DSC, etc. using the instrument platform of the Chinese Academy of Sciences to obtain the original experimental data. Philips X’Pert powder X-ray diffractometer using CuKα (PANalytiacl X’Pert-Pro MPD,USA, λ = 0.15419 nm) radiation. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM, Hitachi SU8020, Japan) and field emission transmission electron microscope (FETEM, Tecnai G2 F20, USA) were used to study the microscopic morphology and structure of samples. An X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS, KRATOS AXIS SURPRA+, Japan) was performed to investigate the valence bonds and surface chemical status of the samples. Thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TGADSC) was performed in an argon atmosphere at a heating rate of 5 ◦C/ min (METTLER-TOLEDO, TGA/DSC 3+, Switzerland). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR, Thermo Nicolet Corporation, NEXUS G2192, USA) analysis was performed in the range of 500–4000 cm- 1 using the KBr pellet method. Nitrogen and oxygen analyzer (LECO, ON836 series elements analyzer, USA) was used to determine the oxygen content of the samples. 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) spectra were taken on Avance 400 spectrometer (Bruker, AVANCE 400, USA) with Methanol-D4 as the solvent and chemical shift references for 1H NMR.The experiment was completed from September 2021 to August 2022.

Pre -training corpus of MQ-BERT model

Soil samples from 0–1050 cm depth were collected from a 20-year field experiment with two N fertilization treatments: 0 (N0) and 600 kg N ha −1 year −1 (N600). Amplicon sequencing and quantitative PCR analyses were performed to profile the vertical distribution of soil microbial communities and denitrification genes.The soil microbial community structure and diversity were strongly influenced by soil depth and N fertilization. The 250 cm depth was identified as a threshold depth, as dramatically different microbial communities were found below and above this depth.Quantitative PCR results showed that the absolute abundance of denitrification genes decreased with increasing soil depth.This study elucidated the profound effects of long-term N input on the composition and diversity of the microbial communities and the abundance of denitrifiers in the deep vadose zone. Our results provide basic information for use in mitigating nitrate leaching by enhancing microbial denitrification in deep vadose zones in intensive agricultural areas.

The portable energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and laser Raman spectroscopy were used to scientifically analyze 75 typical jade artifacts unearthed from the Baojingwan site in Zhuhai. The material characteristics, making technique and cultural exchange of the jade artifacts were discussed. The jade artifacts analyzed are mainly ornaments such as jue, rings, earrings, ornaments, cores, cake shaped artifacts and geometric ornaments. Some stone tools such as ring stones and stone knives, as well as stone blanks and arrowheads are also comparatively analyzed. The jade ornaments unearthed from Baojingwan, Zhuhai are mainly jade rings, as well as a small number of rings, jue, ear pendants, cake shaped artifacts and geometric ornaments. The jade core is generally the raw materials left over from the making of rings, rings and ornaments, which are also used to make cakes, earrings and other artifacts. In terms of raw materials, the jade artifacts unearthed from Baojingwan site dated from the late Neolithic to the Bronze Age are mainly made of quartz (including crystal, agate, chalcedony, vein quartz and quartzite). There are also a few jade artifacts using serpentine, muscovite and rocks containing muscovite, quartz, calcite and other minerals. All the stone tools such as stone knives, stone arrowheads, ring stones and stone slabs are made by rocks. The making technology of jade artifacts in Baojing site mainly uses solid drills to drill holes on one side, but a few jade wares also use pipe drills to drill holes, which shows that the craftsmen in Baojing site have been able to use different drilling methods due to different characteristics of the products.

The text dataset of the military field is the basis for event extraction in military field, and high-quality data set can effectively promote the study of event extraction in this field，However, the event extraction data set commonly used in the real world (such as ACE2005, etc.) is oriented to the general field, and the text corpus resources on military events are scarce. Therefore, we collect a large amount of military news content from public military news websites; On the basis of text content analysis, we firstly establish an event model of military news that includes event types, entity types and entity relationship types. Secondly, the text data is manually labeled according to the event model, which is iteratively verified and corrected simultaneously. Finally, a dataset of 13,000 high-quality military news events with a full variety of labels was obtained. We make this military news event dataset publicly available in this paper.

The ancient amber artifacts of the Han Dynasty (202 BCE–220 CE) by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to confirm their origins. 对汉代(公元前202年-公元220年)的古代琥珀制品采用傅里叶变换红外光谱法分析以确认其来源。

Irrigation with saline water is increasingly popular for reclaiming saline-alkali soil and for increasing crop productivity in some countries and regions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the alteration of salt ions distribution within different soil aggregate fractions after irrigation with freezing saline water. The experimental site is located on the coastal plain in Haixing County, Hebei Province, China. In a field experiment after irrigation with freezing saline water for 6 years, soil samples (0-10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm depths) were collected from three treatments: freezing saline water irrigation with plastic film mulching (IM); freezing saline irrigation without plastic film mulching (IO); and no saline irrigation and no mulching (CK). The bulk soils were separated into five size classes (i.e., 5-8, 2-5, 1-2, 0.25-1 and <0.25 mm) by the dry-sieving method. Then, the salinity and ion (i.e., Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, HCO3-, SO42- and Cl-) concentrations within each aggregate size class were determined following the methods of Lao (1988). The total salt content was calculated as the sum of the cations and anions. 咸水灌溉可以作为一种改良盐碱地和提高作物生产力的技术越来越受重视。本研究旨在研究多年冰冻咸水灌溉后不同土壤团聚体组分中盐离子分布的变化。咸水结冰灌溉试验位于河北省沧州市中科院海兴盐碱地资源高效利用研究基地，研究开始于2008年，试验设对照CK（无灌溉无覆膜CK）、灌溉无覆膜（IO）、灌溉和覆膜（IM）三个处理，三次重复；小区面积40m2。冰冻咸水灌水量为180mm，灌水时气温-10.3℃；覆盖地膜于3月土壤表面冰层融化且入渗完成后。土样采集工作于2014年4月，每个小区分层取原状土壤，层次：0-10cm，10-20cm，20-30cm；在实验室分别测定土壤团聚体和含盐量。每个小区两个重复。土壤干团聚体的测定：采用干筛分法。土壤分级为5.0, 2.0, 1.0和 0.25 mm系列样品筛，每一粒级的土壤收集称重计算百分数。土壤含盐量的测定：采用土/水比1:5进行浸提，浸提液用化学滴定法测定，其中HCO3-含量用双指示剂滴定，Cl-含量用AgNO3滴定，SO42+含量用EDTA间接络合滴定，Ca2+和Mg2+含量用EDTA滴定，K+和Na+含量用阴阳离子平衡法求得，再以各阴阳离子的浓度之和求得总含盐量。

The dataset of morphological traits of pierid based on Fauna Sinica is extracted by using a self-developed special tool for biological morphological feature marking after digitizing the related records of the book Fauna Sinicna (INSECTA Vol. 52 Lepidoptera Pieridae). This dataset contains 24 genera, 154 species of Pierididae (177 subspecies), Lepidoptera, Insecta. Each record in this dataset is the extraction of single morphological characteristics from morphology, measurement, and other morphological description data of different species/Subspecies in different genders and various developmental stages, mainly in shape, color, and texture. This dataset provides basic data for the biological research of these pierid groups, such as biogeography and phylogeny, and also provides valuable corpus resources for natural language processing and understanding research.

This dataset includes the raw frequency counts (classical_chinese_learners_vocabularies_raw_frequencies.zip) used in the article Thoughts on ���Reliable��� Learner���s Vocabularies for Classical and Literary Chinese. Corpus I ��� Micheal Loewe (1993)���s Early Chinese Texts Corpus II ��� Official Histories (zhengshi ������) Corpus III Six Novels (xiaoshuo ������), as defined in Hsia 1968 The download includes one folder per corpus, structured as follows: xx_corpus.csv > list of texts and sources / used versions, token and type counts xx_freq_1-1.csv > unigram / character frequencies and counts xx_freq_1-4.csv > 1 to 4 character word frequencies and counts, "words" according to Hanyu da cidian ��������������� (Luo 1986���1994)) xx_freq_2-4.csv > 2 to 4 character words Additionally, pca_zhengshi_vs_loewe_vs_xiaoshuo.html is an interactive version of the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) presented in the article, texts from the three corpora are represented using the 1.000 most frequent 1���4 character combinations from the dataset. {"references": ["Schalmey, Tilman (2013). \"Corpus-driven Creation of a Reliable Learner's Vocabulary for Classical Chinese\", Taiwan huayu jiaoxue yanjiu \u81fa\u7063\u83ef\u8a9e \u6559\u5b78\u7814\u7a76 / Taiwan Journal of Chinese as a Second Language 7.2, 109\u2013137.", "Loewe, Michael, editor (1993). Early Chinese Texts: A Bibliographical Guide. The Society for the Study of Early China; The Institute of East Asian Studies, Berkeley.", "Hsia Chih-tsing (1968). The Classic Chinese Novel: A Critical Introduction. Columbia University Press, New York and London.", "Luo Zhufeng, editor (1986\u20131994). Hanyu da cidian \u6f22\u8a9e\u5927\u8a5e\u5178, volume 1-13. Cishu chubanshe, Shanghai ."]}

[instructions for use] 1. This data set is manually edited by Yidu cloud medicine according to the real medical record distribution; 2. This dataset is an example of the yidu-n7k dataset on openkg. Yidu-n7k dataset can only be used for academic research of natural language processing, not for commercial purposes. ———————————————— Yidu-n4k data set is derived from chip 2019 evaluation task 1, that is, the data set of "clinical terminology standardization task". The standardization of clinical terms is an indispensable task in medical statistics. Clinically, there are often hundreds of different ways to write about the same diagnosis, operation, medicine, examination, test and symptoms. The problem to be solved in Standardization (normalization) is to find the corresponding standard statement for various clinical statements. With the basis of terminology standardization, researchers can carry out subsequent statistical analysis of EMR. In essence, the task of clinical terminology standardization is also a kind of semantic similarity matching task. However, due to the diversity of original word expressions, a single matching model is difficult to achieve good results. Yidu cloud, a leading medical artificial intelligence technology company in the industry, is also the first Unicorn company to drive medical innovation solutions with data intelligence. With the mission of "data intelligence and green medical care" and the goal of "improving the relationship between human beings and diseases", Yidu cloud uses data artificial intelligence to help the government, hospitals and the whole industry fully tap the intelligent political and civil value of medical big data, and build a big data ecological platform for the medical industry that can cover the whole country, make overall utilization and unified access. Since its establishment in 2013, Yidu cloud has gathered world-renowned scientists and the best people in the professional field to form a strong talent team. The company has invested hundreds of millions of yuan in R & D and service system establishment every year, built a medical data intelligent platform with large data processing capacity, high data integrity and transparent development process, and has obtained more than dozens of software copyrights and national invention patents.