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  • HAL - Université de Lille

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  • Authors: Pérez Armas, Luis Fernando; Creemers, S.; Deleplanque, Samuel;

    Quantum annealing offers a promising approach for solving combinatorial optimization problems like the Resource-Constrained Project Scheduling Problem(RCPSP). We investigated its empirical performance by formulating the RCPSP as QUBO and ISING model. Experimental results are provided using a cutting-edgeannealer (D-Wave Advantage) on RCPSP instances from the CV dataset. We conducted a thorough analysis of the solution energy landscape focusing ondiversity and quality. Results are compared with classical solvers, shedding light on the potential advantages and limitations of using quantum annealing forRCPSP. Our findings suggest that quantum annealing delivers satisfying solutions for smaller to medium-sized problems. It also offers a high diversity ofsolutions making it a viable candidate for hybrid approaches to further enhance solution quality. International audience

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  • Authors: Helen Mair Rawsthorne; Nathalie Abadie; Eric Kergosien; Cécile Duchêne; +1 Authors

    Automatically extracting geographic information from text is the key to harnessing the vast amount of spatial knowledge that only exists in this unstructured form. The fundamental elements of spatial knowledge include spatial entities, their types and the spatial relations between them. Structuring the spatial knowledge contained within text as a geospatial knowledge graph, and disambiguating the spatial entities, significantly facilitates its reuse. The automatic extraction of geographic information from text also allows the creation or enrichment of gazetteers. We propose a baseline approach for nested spatial entity and binary spatial relation extraction from text, a new annotated French-language benchmark dataset on the maritime domain that can be used to train algorithms for both extraction tasks, and benchmark results for the two tasks carried out individually and end-to-end. Our approach involves applying the Princeton University Relation Extraction system (PURE), made for flat, generic entity extraction and generic binary relation extraction, to the extraction of nested, spatial entities and spatial binary relations. By extracting nested spatial entities and the spatial relations between them, we have more information to aid entity disambiguation. In our experiments we compare the performance of a pretrained monolingual French BERT language model with that of a pretrained multilingual BERT language model, and study the effect of including cross-sentence context. Our results reveal very similar results for both models, although the multilingual model performs slightly better in entity extraction, and the monolingual model has slightly better relation extraction and end-to-end perfor- mances. We observe that increasing the amount of cross-sentence context improves the results for entity extraction whereas it has the opposite effect on relation extraction. International audience

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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Balvet, Antonio;

    The recent COVID-19 pandemic has brought online learning to the forefront for learners andteachers. As a consequence, the demand for self-paced and adaptive learning resources hasreached unprecedented levels. Prior to the virus outbreak and consecutive lockdowns, universitieshad been using Moodle (and other SCORM1 compliant platforms) as a Learning ManagementSystem (LMS), which has helped make the transition from on-site to online learning. But teach-ers still have had to face the challenge of designing and implementing assessment activities inthe form of self-correcting activities (true/false, multiple answer questions, mark the words, fill inthe blanks questions, etc.), instead of plain printed quizzes and tests. This step has proved to be amajor hurdle since designing, and most of all, manually editing formative and evaluative assess-ment activities is a very labor-intensive task. In this article, we present a framework that buildsupon corpora and resources available from the LINDAT / CLARIAH-CZ Data & Tools platformin order to generate quizzes and other activities related to syntax, for the Moodle platform. Aftersome background on using Natural Language Processing (NLP) and electronic corpora for teach-ing syntax, we present our corpus-to-quiz processing chain, and we outline preliminary resultson deploying automatically generated French syntax quizzes in the classroom. International audience

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao HAL - Université de ...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    HAL - Université de Lille
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao HAL - Université de ...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      HAL - Université de Lille
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  • Authors: Maury, Yolande;

    Conférence proposant une réflexion autour de l'idée de "bibliothèque intelligente". La ville intelligente, une source d'inspiration pour les sciences de l'information et des bibliothèques (LIS). Présentation des débats en cours, et du sens des évolutions (éloignement d'une vision économiste et technologique ; évolution vers plus de partage, de solidarités // prise en compte du social et de l'humain). La bibliothèque, comme la ville, est aussi sensible, sensorielle, collaborative... Un focus est fait sur les dimensions "acteurs" et "environnement", et notamment la notion d'"environnement capacitant". Des exemples concrets tirés de résultats de recherches récentes sont donnés à l'appui de la réflexion. National audience

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  • Authors: Merkenbreack, Vincent;

    Les investigations archéologiques menées depuis une quinzaine d’années sur le territoire de Marquise, non loin de Boulogne-sur-Mer, ont permis de collecter un grand nombre de données nouvelles et ce, sur un vaste secteur en terme de superficie. Il en résulte la possibilité d’analyser cette portion du littoral morin sous l’angle de la structuration du territoire à l’époque romaine. Les données archéologiques concernant la Protohistoire récente sont minimes sur le territoire de Marquise mais les récentes opérations d’archéologie préventive nous permettent de commencer à appréhender ces vestiges sur cette partie du littoral morin. Ainsi, on observe une translation d’une occupation domestique et des espaces funéraires entre La Tène finale et le Haut-Empire. Avec les données d’occupation romaine précoce, la présence de tombes monumentales utilisant des blocs de remploi ou encore la mise au jour d’un mithraeum , le statut de Marquise reste néanmoins à préciser mais une structuration rigoureuse du paysage est avérée et ce, de la fin du i er s. av. J.-C. jusqu’au iv e s. ap. J.-C.

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  • Authors: Merkenbreack, Vincent;

    Le chef-lieu de la cité des Morins, Thérouanne, fait l’objet depuis quelques années d’un regain d’intérêt grâce à l’archéologie préventive ; les prescriptions se sont accumulées depuis la fin des années 1990 et les différentes opérations menées, tant de diagnostics que de fouilles, ont livré quantité de données nouvelles. Désormais nous commençons à mieux circonscrire et connaître Tervanna , à l’instar de la trame urbaine et des franges de la ville. Ainsi, de nouvelles rues ont été découvertes remettant en exergue la question de la trame urbaine de la cité. Ces rues caractérisées également en périphérie de la ville deviennent pour certaines des routes et l’on retrouve leurs traces encore de nos jours par la résilience de leur tracé sous diverses formes. C’est donc l’occasion pour nous de faire un point sur ces rues, sur ces routes et leur devenir, de partir de la ville vers la campagne (ou inversement) au travers des opérations archéologiques récentes et d’une approche pluridisciplinaire.

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  • Authors: Dumont, Léo; Julien, Octave; Lamassé, Stéphane; Anglaret, Anne-Sophie; +17 Authors

    Histoires de mots revient sur la diversité des expériences menées par les historiens et les historiennes dans le champ de l'analyse des données textuelles. Ce retour sur les usages de l'informatique en histoire offre l’occasion d’une mise en perspective des méthodes de recherche mises en place depuis les années 1970 jusqu’au développement de ce que l’on appelle aujourd’hui les « humanités numériques ». C’est aussi l’occasion d’une ouverture à des problématiques plus contemporaines et à des méthodes adaptées à la croissance exponentielle du volume des données textuelles disponibles, qu’elles soient nativement numériques ou issues de la numérisation des sources anciennes. Les études rassemblées dans ce volume conjuguent ainsi cette approche réflexive des textes à une grande variété d’objets historiques, tels que l’histoire des concepts, la mémoire de la Grande Guerre, la rhétorique des pouvoirs ou l’histoire urbaine, en couvrant un spectre chronologique large, du Moyen Âge jusqu’à nos jours. Le lecteur y trouvera en définitive une diversité de méthodes (textométrie, intelligence artificielle, text mining) permettant d’aborder les textes dans une dimension à la fois historique, lexicale et sémantique.

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    Authors: Bardiot, Clarisse; Jacquemin, Bernard; Michaan, Alexandre; Westeel, Jeanne; +2 Authors

    Eulalie is an operational, open-source, and free information system dedicated to electroacoustic music to document and preserve works. It is based on the Doremus ontology. We propose adapting this ontology to the specific field of electroacoustic music and its implementation in a database (Heurist, in dialogue with Nakala to host the documents). The project was born in the context of Art Zoyd Studios, a center for musical creation. One of the missions is to preserve the repertoire of the XXth and XXIst century pieces involving electronics. The principles of interoperability and Open Data have guided the different choices made throughout the project. Thus, it is not only possible to make the Art Zoyd Studios information database's content interact with other music resources, but the system itself, Eulalie, can be used by other institutions facing problems similar to those of Art Zoyd Studios. International audience

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  • Authors: Lemaire, François; Roussel, Louis;

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  • Authors: Barthet, Virgile; Aroulanda, Marie José; Monceaux-Cachard, Laura; Jacquin, Christine; +7 Authors

    La pré-annotation automatique de textes est une tâche essentielle qui peut faciliter l'annotationd'un corpus de textes. Dans le contexte de la cardiologie, l'annotation est une tâche complexe quinécessite des connaissances approfondies dans le domaine et une expérience pratique dans le métier.Pré-annoter les textes vise à diminuer le temps de sollicitation des experts, facilitant leur concentrationsur les aspects plus critiques de l'annotation. Nous rapportons ici une expérience de pré-annotationde textes cliniques en cardiologie : nous présentons ses modalités et les observations que nous enretirons sur l'interaction avec les experts du domaine et la mise au point du schéma d'an Automatic text pre-annotation is an essential task that can facilitate the annotation of a text corpus. In the context of cardiology, manual text annotation is a complex task that requires in-depth domain knowledge and practical professional experience. Pre-annotating texts aims to reduce the time spent by experts on manual annotation and to focus their intervention on more critical aspects of annotation. We report here a pre-annotation experiment for clinical texts in cardiology : we present its modalities and the lessons learnt about our interaction with domain experts and on annotation schema design. International audience

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  • Authors: Pérez Armas, Luis Fernando; Creemers, S.; Deleplanque, Samuel;

    Quantum annealing offers a promising approach for solving combinatorial optimization problems like the Resource-Constrained Project Scheduling Problem(RCPSP). We investigated its empirical performance by formulating the RCPSP as QUBO and ISING model. Experimental results are provided using a cutting-edgeannealer (D-Wave Advantage) on RCPSP instances from the CV dataset. We conducted a thorough analysis of the solution energy landscape focusing ondiversity and quality. Results are compared with classical solvers, shedding light on the potential advantages and limitations of using quantum annealing forRCPSP. Our findings suggest that quantum annealing delivers satisfying solutions for smaller to medium-sized problems. It also offers a high diversity ofsolutions making it a viable candidate for hybrid approaches to further enhance solution quality. International audience

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  • Authors: Helen Mair Rawsthorne; Nathalie Abadie; Eric Kergosien; Cécile Duchêne; +1 Authors

    Automatically extracting geographic information from text is the key to harnessing the vast amount of spatial knowledge that only exists in this unstructured form. The fundamental elements of spatial knowledge include spatial entities, their types and the spatial relations between them. Structuring the spatial knowledge contained within text as a geospatial knowledge graph, and disambiguating the spatial entities, significantly facilitates its reuse. The automatic extraction of geographic information from text also allows the creation or enrichment of gazetteers. We propose a baseline approach for nested spatial entity and binary spatial relation extraction from text, a new annotated French-language benchmark dataset on the maritime domain that can be used to train algorithms for both extraction tasks, and benchmark results for the two tasks carried out individually and end-to-end. Our approach involves applying the Princeton University Relation Extraction system (PURE), made for flat, generic entity extraction and generic binary relation extraction, to the extraction of nested, spatial entities and spatial binary relations. By extracting nested spatial entities and the spatial relations between them, we have more information to aid entity disambiguation. In our experiments we compare the performance of a pretrained monolingual French BERT language model with that of a pretrained multilingual BERT language model, and study the effect of including cross-sentence context. Our results reveal very similar results for both models, although the multilingual model performs slightly better in entity extraction, and the monolingual model has slightly better relation extraction and end-to-end perfor- mances. We observe that increasing the amount of cross-sentence context improves the results for entity extraction whereas it has the opposite effect on relation extraction. International audience

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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Balvet, Antonio;

    The recent COVID-19 pandemic has brought online learning to the forefront for learners andteachers. As a consequence, the demand for self-paced and adaptive learning resources hasreached unprecedented levels. Prior to the virus outbreak and consecutive lockdowns, universitieshad been using Moodle (and other SCORM1 compliant platforms) as a Learning ManagementSystem (LMS), which has helped make the transition from on-site to online learning. But teach-ers still have had to face the challenge of designing and implementing assessment activities inthe form of self-correcting activities (true/false, multiple answer questions, mark the words, fill inthe blanks questions, etc.), instead of plain printed quizzes and tests. This step has proved to be amajor hurdle since designing, and most of all, manually editing formative and evaluative assess-ment activities is a very labor-intensive task. In this article, we present a framework that buildsupon corpora and resources available from the LINDAT / CLARIAH-CZ Data & Tools platformin order to generate quizzes and other activities related to syntax, for the Moodle platform. Aftersome background on using Natural Language Processing (NLP) and electronic corpora for teach-ing syntax, we present our corpus-to-quiz processing chain, and we outline preliminary resultson deploying automatically generated French syntax quizzes in the classroom. International audience

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao HAL - Université de ...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    HAL - Université de Lille
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao HAL - Université de ...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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  • Authors: Maury, Yolande;

    Conférence proposant une réflexion autour de l'idée de "bibliothèque intelligente". La ville intelligente, une source d'inspiration pour les sciences de l'information et des bibliothèques (LIS). Présentation des débats en cours, et du sens des évolutions (éloignement d'une vision économiste et technologique ; évolution vers plus de partage, de solidarités // prise en compte du social et de l'humain). La bibliothèque, comme la ville, est aussi sensible, sensorielle, collaborative... Un focus est fait sur les dimensions "acteurs" et "environnement", et notamment la notion d'"environnement capacitant". Des exemples concrets tirés de résultats de recherches récentes sont donnés à l'appui de la réflexion. National audience

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  • Authors: Merkenbreack, Vincent;

    Les investigations archéologiques menées depuis une quinzaine d’années sur le territoire de Marquise, non loin de Boulogne-sur-Mer, ont permis de collecter un grand nombre de données nouvelles et ce, sur un vaste secteur en terme de superficie. Il en résulte la possibilité d’analyser cette portion du littoral morin sous l’angle de la structuration du territoire à l’époque romaine. Les données archéologiques concernant la Protohistoire récente sont minimes sur le territoire de Marquise mais les récentes opérations d’archéologie préventive nous permettent de commencer à appréhender ces vestiges sur cette partie du littoral morin. Ainsi, on observe une translation d’une occupation domestique et des espaces funéraires entre La Tène finale et le Haut-Empire. Avec les données d’occupation romaine précoce, la présence de tombes monumentales utilisant des blocs de remploi ou encore la mise au jour d’un mithraeum , le statut de Marquise reste néanmoins à préciser mais une structuration rigoureuse du paysage est avérée et ce, de la fin du i er s. av. J.-C. jusqu’au iv e s. ap. J.-C.

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  • Authors: Merkenbreack, Vincent;

    Le chef-lieu de la cité des Morins, Thérouanne, fait l’objet depuis quelques années d’un regain d’intérêt grâce à l’archéologie préventive ; les prescriptions se sont accumulées depuis la fin des années 1990 et les différentes opérations menées, tant de diagnostics que de fouilles, ont livré quantité de données nouvelles. Désormais nous commençons à mieux circonscrire et connaître Tervanna , à l’instar de la trame urbaine et des franges de la ville. Ainsi, de nouvelles rues ont été découvertes remettant en exergue la question de la trame urbaine de la cité. Ces rues caractérisées également en périphérie de la ville deviennent pour certaines des routes et l’on retrouve leurs traces encore de nos jours par la résilience de leur tracé sous diverses formes. C’est donc l’occasion pour nous de faire un point sur ces rues, sur ces routes et leur devenir, de partir de la ville vers la campagne (ou inversement) au travers des opérations archéologiques récentes et d’une approche pluridisciplinaire.

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  • Authors: Dumont, Léo; Julien, Octave; Lamassé, Stéphane; Anglaret, Anne-Sophie; +17 Authors

    Histoires de mots revient sur la diversité des expériences menées par les historiens et les historiennes dans le champ de l'analyse des données textuelles. Ce retour sur les usages de l'informatique en histoire offre l’occasion d’une mise en perspective des méthodes de recherche mises en place depuis les années 1970 jusqu’au développement de ce que l’on appelle aujourd’hui les « humanités numériques ». C’est aussi l’occasion d’une ouverture à des problématiques plus contemporaines et à des méthodes adaptées à la croissance exponentielle du volume des données textuelles disponibles, qu’elles soient nativement numériques ou issues de la numérisation des sources anciennes. Les études rassemblées dans ce volume conjuguent ainsi cette approche réflexive des textes à une grande variété d’objets historiques, tels que l’histoire des concepts, la mémoire de la Grande Guerre, la rhétorique des pouvoirs ou l’histoire urbaine, en couvrant un spectre chronologique large, du Moyen Âge jusqu’à nos jours. Le lecteur y trouvera en définitive une diversité de méthodes (textométrie, intelligence artificielle, text mining) permettant d’aborder les textes dans une dimension à la fois historique, lexicale et sémantique.

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    Authors: Bardiot, Clarisse; Jacquemin, Bernard; Michaan, Alexandre; Westeel, Jeanne; +2 Authors

    Eulalie is an operational, open-source, and free information system dedicated to electroacoustic music to document and preserve works. It is based on the Doremus ontology. We propose adapting this ontology to the specific field of electroacoustic music and its implementation in a database (Heurist, in dialogue with Nakala to host the documents). The project was born in the context of Art Zoyd Studios, a center for musical creation. One of the missions is to preserve the repertoire of the XXth and XXIst century pieces involving electronics. The principles of interoperability and Open Data have guided the different choices made throughout the project. Thus, it is not only possible to make the Art Zoyd Studios information database's content interact with other music resources, but the system itself, Eulalie, can be used by other institutions facing problems similar to those of Art Zoyd Studios. International audience

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  • Authors: Lemaire, François; Roussel, Louis;

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  • Authors: Barthet, Virgile; Aroulanda, Marie José; Monceaux-Cachard, Laura; Jacquin, Christine; +7 Authors

    La pré-annotation automatique de textes est une tâche essentielle qui peut faciliter l'annotationd'un corpus de textes. Dans le contexte de la cardiologie, l'annotation est une tâche complexe quinécessite des connaissances approfondies dans le domaine et une expérience pratique dans le métier.Pré-annoter les textes vise à diminuer le temps de sollicitation des experts, facilitant leur concentrationsur les aspects plus critiques de l'annotation. Nous rapportons ici une expérience de pré-annotationde textes cliniques en cardiologie : nous présentons ses modalités et les observations que nous enretirons sur l'interaction avec les experts du domaine et la mise au point du schéma d'an Automatic text pre-annotation is an essential task that can facilitate the annotation of a text corpus. In the context of cardiology, manual text annotation is a complex task that requires in-depth domain knowledge and practical professional experience. Pre-annotating texts aims to reduce the time spent by experts on manual annotation and to focus their intervention on more critical aspects of annotation. We report here a pre-annotation experiment for clinical texts in cardiology : we present its modalities and the lessons learnt about our interaction with domain experts and on annotation schema design. International audience

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