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Dès sa préparation à partir de 1967 et son lancement en janvier 1968, la rationalisation des choix budgétaires (RCB) fait l’objet de réflexions avancées de la part de ses promoteurs qui portent sur les conditions de son développement et de son succès. Encore balbutiante dans sa présentation théorique initiale et structurée par un ensemble de dispositifs et d’instruments micro-économiques et gestionnaires dont la cohérence reste à construire, la mise en œuvre de la RCB soulève d’entrée de jeu ...

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1876-1930 yılları arasını kapsayan dönemde Ereğli Kazası'ndaki eğitim-öğretim faaliyetlerini konu alan bu çalışmada; kaza ile karyelerdeki ilk ve orta mektepleri belirlemek ve bu mekteplerin öğrenci ve öğretmen durumları ile ders programlarını tespit etmek amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla; Ereğli'deki eğitim faaliyetleri ile ilgili belgeler Başbakanlık Osmanlı Arşivi ve Konya Yazma Eserler Kütüphanesi'nde bulunan Konya Maârif Arşivi'nden edinilmiştir. Osmanlı Devleti döneminde Ereğli mâmur bir merkezdir. Araştırmamıza konu olan dönemde bu özelliğini koruyan Ereğli'de eğitim faaliyetleri önem arz etmektedir. Zira, kazada bir çok sayıda sıbyân mektebi mevcuttu. Modernleşme Dönemi'nde bir taraftan dönemin karakteristik okullarından rüşdiye ve ibtidâîler açılırken diğer taraftan mevcut sıbyân mektepleri ibtidâîlere dönüştürülmüştür. Nitekim , Osmanlı da eğitimin modernleşmesini taşrada Ereğli Kazası özelinde değerlendirmiş olmaktayız.Cumhuriyetin ilanı ile Osmanlı'dan devralınan mevcut okullar ile kazadaki eğitim-öğretim faaliyetleri Cumhuriyet Dönemi'nde de devam etmiştir. Anahtar kelimeler ; Ereğli , Osmanlı Devleti, eğitim-öğretim,Konya , Modernleşme Dönemi , Cumhuriyet Dönemi, eğitim tarihi. In this study, which was the subject of educational activities in Ereğli District between the years 1876-1930; The purposes of this course is to determine the primary and secondary schools in districts and villages and to determine student and teacher status and curriculum of these schools. For this purpose ; The documents related to the educational activities in Ereğli were obtained from the Prime Ministry Ottoman Archive and Konya Maârif Archive, which is located in the Konya Manuscripts Library. Eregli during the Ottoman Empire was a well-established center. In Ereğli, which maintains this characteristic in the period subject to our research, educational activities are important. During the modernization period, on the one hand, the typical schools of the period were opened which are rüşdiye and ibtidâîs, while on the other hand, the existing primary schools were converted to ibtidâîs. As a matter of fact, we have evaluated the modernization of education in the Eregli district at the time of Ottoman Empire. With the declaration of the Republic, the existing schools taken over from the Ottomans and the educational activities in the Ereğli district continued during the Republican Period. Keywords ; Eregli, Ottoman Empire, education, Konya, Modernization Period, Republican Period, history of education. 170

L’objet de ce petit livre, issu d’une série de conférences données à la IVe Section de l’École Pratique des Hautes Études en avril-mai 2017, est d’explorer le développement des perceptions qu’avaient les différents groupes d’Ottomans du « surnaturel », c’est-à-dire des phénomènes qu’une culture donnée regarde comme échappant aux lois naturelles et comme étant difficiles ou même impossibles à expliquer par la pensée humaine. Quand on pense à l’omnipotence de Dieu et à l’activité des esprits ou...

Alors que la médiévistique se place de plus en plus à l’échelle européenne et que l’on admet, non sans quelque résistance, que la discipline puisse occuper des chercheurs occidentaux (ceux du Nord, sur les deux rives de l’Atlantique d’après le sens commun des hiérarchies géopolitiques contemporaines), la découverte en France de l’existence des historiens du Moyen Âge issus de l’« autre Amérique » est récente. L’organisation, lors du XXXVIIL Congrès de la SHMESP, d’une table ronde avec des méd...

The abstract is included in the text.

The Anthropocene epoch is the age of waste of human usages, which are the typical relics of innovation leading to climate change or the near mass extinction. The wastes are in solid, liquid, gaseous or remediated forms and the volume and varieties are ever-increasing. The Anthropocene epoch is the novice geological era with human exploitation on soil, nature, space, and geology with unlimited spoils. The epoch is marked by the excess use of natural and synthetic materials like fossil fuels, aluminum, concrete, plastic, fly ash and upshot from nuclides from nuclear explosion, CO2, GHG emissions due to wastes. Fly-ash, metallurgical slags, sludge from wastewater treatment plants (WTPs), dried sewage and sludge, agro-wastes, plastic & other packaging materials of industrial origin amounting to ≈ 200MMT is added to the environment annually in India which is mostly non-biodegradable CPCB (2017). All stake holders like government, non-government agencies, including civil society in India should make concerted effort to confront the anthropogenic non-biodegradable wastes mainly the industrial, plastics, nano, C&D and e -wastes. The study analyses different types of wastes based on statistics both in the global and Indian scenario. The shortage in landfill area for efficient disposal is the concern and micro-level management of such wastes are discussed.

espanolUna entrevista con Yves Reuter. francaisUn entretien avec Yves Reuter. EnglishAn interview with Yves Reuter. catalaUna entrevista amb Yves Reuter.