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This article explores how the waste crisis in Naples, which has been occurring since the 1990s, has stimulated the political creativeness of local activists who have started to experiment new ways for participation and community building. In particular, we investigate how environmental justice struggles have evolved in commoning processes (that is, in the creation of participatory institutions and in the defense of commons) by studying the social mobilization in Chiaiano, a neighborhood at the northern periphery of Naples (Italy). Using oral history interviews, documents produced by grassroots organizations, mass media reports, and our participants’ observation notes, we have analyzed the evolution of the mobilization in Chiaiano, the connections between environmental concerns and commoning, and the results in terms of social experimentation. Keywords: Environmental Justice. Commoning. Participatory Democracy. Waste. Naples (Italy).

Can walking trails be understood not only as routes to history and heritage, but also as heritage in and of themselves? The paper explores the articulation of trails as a distinct landscape and mobility heritage, bridging the nature-culture divide and building on physical and intellectual movements over time. The authors aim to contribute to a better understanding of the geography of trails and trailscapes by analysing the emergence of the Swedish-Norwegian trail Finnskogleden. The trail is situated in the border region spanning the former county of Hedmark in present-day Innlandet County, south-eastern Norway, and Värmland County in mid-western Sweden, a forested area where Finnish-speaking immigrants settled from the 16th century to the early 20th century. Archives, literature, interviews, and field visits were used to analyse the emergence and governance of the trail. The main finding is the importance of continuous articulation work by local and regional stakeholders, through texts, maps, maintenance, and mobility. In conclusion, the Finn forest trailscape and its mobility heritage can be seen as an articulation of territory over time, a multilayered process drawing on various environing technologies, making the trail a transformative part of a trans-border political geography. Rörelsearvet: stigar och leder i hållbar och inkluderande kulturarvsförvaltning

The agricultural sector is the main contributor for the warming from non-CO2 gases, especially methane and nitrous oxide. Existing measures to mitigate these emissions can only reduce but not eliminate these emissions. Owing to the diffused nature of these emissions, it is hard to design a single point measure to address the emissions from the agricultural sector. In our work, we present the first-of-a-kind direct air capture-based process to mitigate these diverse emissions. The process is designed based on thermal catalytic route for the methane conversion, which is coupled to a direct air capture unit for CO2 capture. The process was modelled based on steady state assumptions to estimate the energy requirement per tonne of CO2 equivalent mitigated. Energy estimations were later compared for the two methane removal systems with and without CO2 capture unit. The energy demand per tonne CO2-equivalent removed from the system without CO2 capture unit (only CH4 removal) was found to be 16.54 GJ. For the methane removal system with CO2 capture unit (co-removal of CO2 and CH4), the energy demand is 15.42 GJ per tonne-CO2 equivalent. QC 20230120

Contemporary images of desirable work (for example at gaming companies or at one of the tech giants) foregrounds creativity and incorporates and idealises elements of play. Simultaneously, becoming one of the best in some particular leisure activity can require many long hours of hard, demanding work. Between on the one hand work and on the other hand leisure and play, we enter the domain of games and sports. Most classical sports originally developed from physical practices of moving the human body and these practices were, through standardization, organization and rationalization, turned into sports. Many sport researchers, (sport) historians and (sport) sociologists have pointed out that sports have gone through a process of “sportification”. Cross-country skiing is an example of an activity that has gone through a historical process of sportification, over time becoming progressively more managed and regulated. Computer games are today following a similar trajectory and have gone from being a leisure activity to becoming a competitive activity, “e-sports”, with professional players, international competitions, and live streams that are watched by tens of millions of viewers. In this paper we look at similarities between the sportification of cross-country skiing and e-sports. While there are many similarities, one important difference is that where classical sports (e.g. cross-country skiing) often originated in work-related practices (in this case forestry), the formation of new and emerging sports (for example e-sports) instead often originates in playful leisure activities. We will in this text show how sports and sportification processes can function as a lens with which to better understand the intersection of work and play, and well as their overlapping and hybrid albeit non-mutually exclusive combinations; laborious play and playful work. QC 20200922

The most relevant representations of music are notations and audio recordings, each of which emphasizes a particular perspective and promotes different approximations in the analysis and understanding of music. Linking these two representations and analysing them jointly should help to better study many musical facets by being able to combine complementary analysis methodologies. In order to develop accurate linking methods, we have to take into account the specificities of a given type of music. In this paper, we present a method for linking musically relevant sections in a score of a piece from makam music of Turkey (MMT) to the corresponding time intervals of an audio recording of the same piece. The method starts by extracting relevant features from the score and from the audio recording. The features of a given score section are compared with the features of the audio recording to find the candidate links in the audio for that score section. Next, using the sequential section information stored in the score, it selects the most likely links. The method is tested on a dataset consisting of instrumental and vocal compositions of MMT, achieving 92.1% and 96.9% -scores on the instrumental and vocal pieces, respectively. Our results show the importance of culture-specific and knowledge-based approaches in music information processing. This work is partly supported by the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program, as part of the CompMusic project (ERC grant agreement 267583).

Notions of research quality are contextual in many respects: they varybetween fields of research, between review contexts and between policy contexts.Yet, the role of these co-existing notions in research, and in research policy, ispoorly understood. In this paper we offer a novel framework to study and understandresearch quality across three key dimensions. First, we distinguish betweenquality notions that originate in research fields (Field-type) and in research policyspaces (Space-type). Second, drawing on existing studies, we identify three attributes(often) considered important for ‘good research’: its originality/novelty, plausibility/reliability, and value or usefulness. Third, we identify five different sites wherenotions of research quality emerge, are contested and institutionalised: researchersthemselves, knowledge communities, research organisations, funding agencies andnational policy arenas. We argue that the framework helps us understand processesand mechanisms through which ‘good research’ is recognised as well as tensionsarising from the co-existence of (potentially) conflicting quality notions. QC 20201130

AbstractEmerging after World War II “the environment” as a modern concept turned in the years around 1970 into a phase of institutionalization in science, civic society, and politics. Part of this was the foundation of journals. The majority became “environmental specialist journals”, typically based in established disciplines. Some became “environmental generalist journals”, covering broad knowledge areas and often with an ambition to be policy relevant. A significant and early member of the latter category was Ambio, founded 1972. This article presents an overview of the journal’s first 50 years, with a focus on main changes in scientific content, political context, and editorial directions. A key finding is that the journal reflects an increasing pluralization of “the environment” with concepts such as global change, climate change, Earth system science, Anthropocene, resilience, and environmental governance. Another finding is that the journal has also itself influenced developments through publishing work on new concepts and ideas.

Abstract The static recrystallization behaviour of a columnar and equiaxed Alloy 825 material was studied on a Gleeble-3800 thermo-simulator by single-hit compression experiments. Deformation temperatures of 1000-1200 °C, a strain of up to 0.8, a strain rate of 1s−1, and relaxation times of 30, 180, and 300 s were selected as the deformation conditions to investigate the effects of the deformation parameters on the SRX behaviour. Furthermore, the influences of the initial grain structures on the SRX behaviors were studied. The microstructural evolution was studied using optical microscopy and EBSD. The EBSD measurements showed a relaxation time of 95 % for fractional recrystallization grains, t 95 , in both structures, was less than 30 seconds at the deformation temperatures 1100 °C and 1200 °C. However, fewer than 95% of recrystallized grains recrystallized when the deformation temperature was lowered to 1000 °C. From the grain-boundary misorientation distribution in statically recrystallized samples, the fraction of high-angle grain boundaries decreased with an increasing deformation temperature from 1000 °C to 1200 °C for a given relaxation time. This was attributed to grain coarsening.

The objective of this study is to characterize the nature and space-time patterns of traffic accidents involving elderly pedestrians in Sweden, in order to suggest preventive measures. The analysis is based on elderly pedestrian accidents from 2010 to 2014 using an age adjusted standardized elderly accidents ratios (ASEAR), Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and spatial statistics techniques. Findings show that the geography of elderly traffic accidents is far from being homogenous across the country: although most accidents happen in urban municipalities, 30 per cent of municipalities classified as accessible rural exhibit relatively high-standardized accidents ratios. They happen often in daylight hours, on weekdays and in the coldest months of the year. Most of the cases are single accidents (e.g. self-inflicted fall); they happen in street segments/intersections and pedestrian/bicycle path, some affected by environment conditions such as icy or uneven surfaces. Findings of the study call for preventive actions that are sensitive to the nature of these accidents in different temporal and spatial contexts. QC 20180903

Compensation measures are a new method for handling impact on cultural heritage in land use planning. The idea with compensation measures can be understood as an extension of the polluter pays principle. Today, compensation measures are mainly used when natural environments are damaged by development, but it is also possible to use compensation measures when a project results in negative impact on cultural heritage. However, there is a lack of experience in using compensation when it comes to the latter. In our work as heritage consultants, we have experienced difficulties in implementing compensa-tion measures in projects and assignments. Since 2013, we have organised a research project dealing with compensation measures and cultural heritage; aiming towards a new practice and better use of planning instruments. With this paper, we want to share our results from four case studies where development impact on cultural heritage has led to discussions about, and imple-mentation of, compensation measures. By using case studies from four different types of development, we wanted to find patterns in the use of compensation measures in planning processes. The results show an uncertainty in understanding compensation as a concept. This is due to an absence of practice dealing with compensation measures; cultural heritage values are not addressed in a proper way in negotia-tions over land access. Several instruments for compensation measures in planning processes can actually be found in the law and land use of the Swedish planning system, but they are not being used properly, which results in a negative impact on the cultural heritage. After two years of analysing and discussing our case studies in workshops and conferences, we have concluded that there is a strong need for clarifying planning instruments and for developing a professional practice dealing with compensa-tion measures. QC 20160818 Styrmedel och kompensationsåtgärder inom kulturmiljöområdet