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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Bolle, Gauthier;

    Depuis l’installation du siège du Conseil de l’Europe à Strasbourg il y a 70 ans, le quartier européen s’y est développé progressivement à partir d’une petite greffe faite sur le parc de l’Orangerie, au nord de la ville, dans une zone résiduelle de l’urbanisme strasbourgeois de la fin du xixe siècle. La cité, forte de sa tradition municipaliste, a saisi certaines des étapes clés du développement institutionnel de l’Europe comme autant d’opportunités successives afin d’asseoir véritablement sa vocation, sans pour autant pouvoir anticiper pleinement son essor. Le caractère hétéroclite du quartier reflète en partie ces tâtonnements. Les procédures à l’origine de la construction des édifices, comme les réponses architecturales offertes, évoluent fortement au fil du temps, accentuant à chaque étape la nécessité de produire des symboles forts et puissants. Ainsi, plusieurs dizaines d’architectes à la stature locale, nationale voire internationale, offrent une grande diversité de propositions architecturales qui s’insèrent dans un cadre dense et à la fois apaisé de par la présence de l’eau et du végétal. Ces postures successives, au service du développement régulièrement fragilisé d’une démocratie transnationale, éclairent les processus d’hybridation entre académisme et modernité et les potentialités symboliques de l’architecture institutionnelle. Since the installation of the Council of Europe headquarters in Strasbourg seventy years ago, the European quarter has grown gradually from a tiny graft made onto the Orangery Park, in the northern part of the city, in a residual area of Strasbourg’s late nineteenth-century urban organisation. With its strong municipalist traditions, the city has subsequently taken advantage of some of the key milestones of Europe's institutional development as opportunities to confirm the quarter’s vocation, but these local authorities were unable fully to anticipate the quarter’s growth. The heterogeneous character of the neighbourhood is a reflection of a process of trial and error. Building methods and design approaches have evolved significantly over time, highlighting at each stage the need to create powerful symbols. Dozens of architects with local, national and even international reputations have offered a wide variety of architectural propositions inserted into a crowded environment, but one which is given a certain peacefulness by the presence of water and vegetation. These successive initiatives in the service of forms of transnational democracy which are regularly called onto question today throw light on processes of hybridisation between academism and modernity and the symbolic potential of institutional architecture.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ OpenEdition; In Situ...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    In Situ : Revue de Patrimoines
    Article
    License: CC BY NC ND
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    In Situ : Revue de Patrimoines
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    DOAJ
    Article . 2019
    Data sources: DOAJ
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ OpenEdition; In Situ...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      In Situ : Revue de Patrimoines
      Article
      License: CC BY NC ND
      Data sources: UnpayWall
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      In Situ : Revue de Patrimoines
      Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      DOAJ
      Article . 2019
      Data sources: DOAJ
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Mench, Michel; Lepp, Nick; Bert, Valérie; Schwitzguébel, Jean-Paul; +3 Authors

    International audience; Purpose : Many agricultural and brownfield soils are polluted and more have become marginalised due to the introduction of new, risk-based legislation. The European Environment Agency estimates that there are at least 250,000 polluted sites in the member states that require urgent remedial action. There is also significant volumes of wastewaters and dredged polluted sediments. Phytotechnologies potentially offer a cost-effective in situ alternative to conventional technologies for remediation of low to medium-contaminated matrices, e.g. soils, sediments, tailings, solid wastes and waters. For further development, social and commercial acceptance, there is a clear requirement for up-to-date information on successes and failures of these technologies based on evidence from the field. This review reports the outcomes from several integrated experimental attempts to address this at both field and market level in the 29 countries participating in COST Action 859. Results and discussion : This review offers insight into the deployment of promising and emergent in situ phytotechnologies, for sustainable remediation and management of contaminated soils and water, that integrative research findings produced between 2004 and 2009 by members of COST Action 859. Many phytotechnologies are at the demonstration level, but relatively few have been applied in practice on large sites. They are not capable of solving all problems. Those options that may prove successful at market level are (a) phytoextraction of metals, As and Se from marginally contaminated agricultural soils, (b) phytoexclusion and phytostabilisation of metal- and As-contaminated soils, (c) rhizodegradation of organic pollutants and (d) rhizofiltration/rhizodegradation and phytodegradation of organics in constructed wetlands. Each incidence of pollution in an environmental compartment is different and successful sustainable management requires the careful integration of all relevant factors, within the limits set by policy, social acceptance and available finances. Many plant stress factors that are not evident in short-term laboratory experiments can limit the effective deployment of phytotechnologies at field level. The current lack of knowledge on physicochemical and biological mechanisms that underpin phytoremediation, the transfer of contaminants to bioavailable fractions within the matrices, the long-term sustainability and decision support mechanisms are highlighted to identify future R&D priorities that will enable potential end-users to identify particular technologies to meet both statutory and financial requirements. Conclusions : Multidisciplinary research teams and a meaningful partnership between stakeholders are primary requirements that determine long-term ecological, ecotoxicological, social and financial sustainability of phytotechnologies and to demonstrate their efficiency for the solution of large-scale pollution problems. The gap between research and development for the use of phytoremediation options at field level is partly due to a lack of awareness by regulators and problem owners, a lack of expertise and knowledge by service providers and contractors, uncertainties in long-term effectiveness and difficulties in the transfer of particular metabolic pathways to productive and widely available plants. Networks such as COST Action 859 are highly relevant to the integration of research activity, maintenance of projects that demonstrate phytoremediation at a practical field scale and to inform potential end-users on the most suitable techniques. Biomass for energy and other financial returns, biodiversity and ecological consequences, genetic isolation and transfer of plant traits, management of plant-microorganism consortia in terrestrial systems and constructed wetlands, carbon sequestration and soil and water multi-functionality are identified as key areas that need to be incorporated into existing phytotechnologies.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Oskar Bordeauxarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Oskar Bordeaux
    Article . 2010
    Data sources: Oskar Bordeaux
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Journal of Soils and Sediments
    Article . 2010 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Springer TDM
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    330
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Oskar Bordeauxarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Oskar Bordeaux
      Article . 2010
      Data sources: Oskar Bordeaux
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Journal of Soils and Sediments
      Article . 2010 . Peer-reviewed
      License: Springer TDM
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Bertrand-Krajewski, Jean-Luc;

    This paper proposes an introductory review of the historical evolution of urban stormwater management, as well as of current trends, challenges, and changes of paradigm. It reminds us first that most of the existing urban stormwater infrastructures in developed cities are based on the modern urban sewer systems developed in the second half of the 19th century in Europe. They have been built and for decades managed almost solely by urban sanitation and water specialists, relatively independently of other technical services and, more generally, of other stakeholders in cities. They contributed significantly to public health and fast conveyance of stormwater outside the cities. However, at the turn of the 1970s, it became evident with increasing urbanisation that they also had drawbacks: artificialisation of soils, reduction of aquifer recharge, pollution of surface water and ecological impacts, etc. The paper indicates how new concepts and paradigms thereafter emerged to manage stormwater by means of more sustainable and integrated approaches, aiming to solve the problems engendered by the previous approaches. This integration embraces more and more disciplines and issues, far beyond the traditional field of urban water engineers and specialists. The paper attempts to explain the need for this evolution, making urban stormwater management more much complex, dealing and interacting with ecology, biodiversity, bioinspiration, architecture, landscape and water values, citizens’ well-being, history, culture, and socio-economic aspects.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Journal of Hydro-env...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Journal of Hydro-environment Research
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Journal of Hydro-env...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Journal of Hydro-environment Research
      Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Thomas Nehls; Christophe Schwartz; Kye-Hoon Kim; Martin Kaupenjohann; +2 Authors

    Cities are hotspots of consumption of matter, energy, and water and hotspots of production of wastes, which are also secondary resources. Nutrients such as phosphorus are hardly extracted and recycled from these wastes, except from sewage sludge. This paper discusses a concept for the recycling of P from a great variety of urban wastes (phyto-P-mining). Phyto-P-mining is based on the plant extraction of P from waste materials, which were used to produce planting substrates. They are intended for the greening of urban structures, which were de-vegetated during urbanization or which were not intended to be vegetated before (secondary urban green). After the newly established plants have extracted P, their biomass can be used to produce bioenergy (biogas, wood) or compost. Phosphorus could then be recycled from digestion residues and ashes or directly from compost. Phyto-P-mining is based on otherwise wasted nutrients and on the greening of a high number of not yet vegetated plots, including public or private plazas, sidewalks, roofs, and fallows. Greening is a major goal for urban planning, as functioning soil-vegetation-complexes provide ecosystem services such as climate regulation, dust absorption, wind brake, or aesthetic improvement. Especially in the dense inner city quarters, where vegetation is rare, new green improves public health and well-being. However, due to the lack of available horizontal but the high abundance of vertical structures like walls and facades in city centers, vertical green will be very important for phyto-P-mining. It can efficiently extract P from wastes due to its high ratio of biomass to ground area. Like the vertical areas, the vertical greens are often private properties. Although private greening is primarily conducted for social and cultural reasons, direct market benefits such as bioenergy or fertilizers may reduce costs for the greening. This will foster private urban greening to the benefit of the community and also the recycling of nutrients from urban resources. Phyto-P-mining based on secondary urban green will reestablish soil functions and natural cycling mechanisms in artificial urban systems. The approach has a great potential (i) to improve the urban living environments and to deliver benefits such as (ii) the recycling of phosphorus and other nutrients from urban wastes for the application in urban or rural agri- or horticulture and (iii) the ethically and ecologically sound production of bioenergy.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Journal of Soils and...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Journal of Soils and Sediments
    Article . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Journal of Soils and...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Journal of Soils and Sediments
      Article . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: ARNAULD DE SARTRE, Xavier; TARAVELLA, Romain;

    International audience; Sustainable development changes the governance of modern states and more precisely the way in which they exercise their sovereignty. How does the governance of states strongly subjected to sustainable development undergo transformations when guided by international standards? A debate has emerged within Brazilian society surrounding the concerns about internationalization of the Amazon. Through analysis of this subject matter (considered as a meta-narrative), we show how it reveals a redeployment of national governance in the Amazon. The comparative significance and scaler politics of this merits further research. (c) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Oskar Bordeauxarrow_drop_down
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    Oskar Bordeaux
    Article . 2009
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Oskar Bordeaux
    Article . 2009
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Political Geography
    Article . 2009 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Oskar Bordeauxarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Oskar Bordeaux
      Article . 2009
      Data sources: Oskar Bordeaux
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Oskar Bordeaux
      Article . 2009
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      Political Geography
      Article . 2009 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Corinne Jaquand;

    Leberecht Migge (1881-1935) est un paysagiste connu pour ses réalisations de parcs publics et de jardins privés, mais aussi pour ses écrits sur le « vert social » et l’agriculture urbaine. À partir des années 1920, il réalise plusieurs aménagements paysagers pour des extensions urbaines à Berlin, Francfort et Dessau, notamment, et conçoit plusieurs dispositifs spatiaux qui établissent une relation organique entre ville et jardins sur la base du recyclage des eaux et des déchets urbains. Il milite en faveur d’une agriculture d’autosubsistance et délaisse progressivement les questions d’esthétique. Dans son livre, Die wachsende Siedlung nach biologischen Gesetzen (1932), il imagine à l’échelle métropolitaine un système de fermettes évolutives à énergie passive qui seraient adossées à une infrastructure linéaire baptisée « mur de soleil ». Dans son projet « Fruchtlandschaft Berlin » (1933) il développe ce « paysage fertile » sur le terrain du Grand Berlin. Son propos, bien que singulier, puise dans l’imaginaire allemand de la « colonisation intérieure » invoquée par les divers courants de la modernité allemande jusque sous le IIIe Reich. Leberecht Migge (1881-1935) is a landscape-architect, well-known for his parks and gardens and for his writings on « Social Green » and urban farming. From the 20’s on, he develops big scaled designs for urban extensions (in Berlin, Francfort and Dessau above all) and engages himself towards a self-sufficient agriculture, gradually neglecting the question of aesthetics. He proposes several projects related to an organic approach of town and garden, in connection to the recycling of urban water and waste. In his book, Die wachsende Siedlung nach biologischen Gesetzen (1932), he conceives at a metropolitan scale a system of little farms, functioning with passive energy thanks to a linear infrastructure, he called « sun-wall ». In his project « Fruchtlandschaft Berlin » (1933), he develops an « edible landscape » for the metropole of Berlin. His thoughts are singular but also unrooted in the german concept of « innen colonization » which mobilizes the different expressions of german modernity up to the Third Reich.

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    In Situ : Revue de Patrimoines
    Article . 2013 . Peer-reviewed
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    OpenEdition
    Article . 2013
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    In Situ : Revue de Patrimoines
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    DOAJ
    Article . 2013
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      In Situ : Revue de Patrimoines
      Article . 2013 . Peer-reviewed
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      OpenEdition
      Article . 2013
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      In Situ : Revue de Patrimoines
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      DOAJ
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Letté, Michel;

    Catastrophes et pollutions massives ont-elles favorisé le tournant environnemental de la société industrielle au 20e siècle ? L'opposition croissante des publics confrontés aux débordements de l'industrie suggère en tout cas une nette évolution des sensibilités. Partant de cas récents, cet article invite à explorer plusieurs registres du conflit environnemental provoqué par ces débordements durant plus de deux siècles d'industrialisation. Leur histoire suggère des échelles variables de temps et d'espace. Elle porte sur la nature des transactions dont l'enjeu est la délimitation des territoires et de leurs fonctions. Elle s'attache aux négociations entre parties prenantes pour qualifier ce qui déborde, oppose leurs intérêts contradictoires, et propose de redéfinir le problème environnemental lui-même. Elle commande finalement une histoire des dispositifs de régulation des conflits environnementaux par la mise en perspective sur le temps long des débordements industriels. Have disasters and massive pollutions contributed to the environmental changes in 20thC industrial society? Growing opposition to the excesses of industry suggests at least a significant shift in public awareness. Staring from recent cases, this paper is an invitation to explore several levels of environmental conflicts as a result of growing industrial wastes from more than two centuries of industrialization. Their story suggests a large range of scale in time and space. It concerns the nature of transactions whose issue is the demarcation of the territories and their functions. It focuses on the negotiations between stake-holders to describe what is beyond their conflicting issues and proposes to redefine the environmental problem in itself. Eventually emerges a history of schemes for regulating environmental conflicts by putting in perspective the long term industrial excesses.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Vingtième Siècle Rev...arrow_drop_down
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    Hyper Article en Ligne
    Other literature type . 2012
    Vingtième Siècle Revue d histoire
    Article . 2012 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Séré, Geoffroy; Schwartz, Christophe; Ouvrard, Stéphanie; Sauvage, Claire; +2 Authors

    Goal, Scope and Background. Efficient and environmentally friendly technologies for soil reclamation require efforts to develop innovative processes. Alternative technologies to drastic techniques (containment, total removal of soil) are receiving increasing interest. They are based either on the use of ameliorants (e.g. lime, fertilizer, organic mulch) and more recently on the spreading of organic wastes (e.g. compost, sewage sludge). This paper presents a new process of soil construction using wastes and industrial by-products which are formulated and stacked in layers to build a new soil profile over in situ degraded substrates. Work was conducted to assess the feasibility of the ecological reclamation, focusing on the major functions of constructed Technosols. Materials and Methods. Two large lysimetric plots (10 x 10 in) were built on a former coking plant, and two strategies of constructed soil profiles were compared: i) a control soil using thermally treated industrial soil available in situ, and ii) a constructed soil with a combination of thermally treated industrial soil mixed with exogenous materials such as green waste compost and paper mill sludge. Rainfall was measured periodically, drainage effluent was collected, and aliquots were sampled per plot. Plants were collected in 8 replicates for each plot. Results. Water balance data showed that about 10% of the rain water percolated through the constructed soil profiles. Drainage effluent contained a low concentration of contaminants, below the French water drinking standards. Plants grew without any deficiency symptoms on both plots. Apart from the sowed plants, indigenous species developed on the constructed Technosols. Discussion. The experimental set-up was representative of the real conditions for the implementation of such reclamation technologies. In spite of the significant concentrations of trace elements in the parent materials, the fluxes in the drainage effluent were very low because of the high pH. Significantly higher biomass values were recorded on the constructed soil than on the control, as well as a better development of indigenous plants. Conclusions. The constructed soils are examples of Technosols as they are made exclusively of technogenic parent materials. Our results showed that they can behave like natural soils (water cycle, trace elements filtration, biomass production). The process of soil construction is not only an efficient way to reclaim derelict lands, but also a safe alternative for the recycling of wastes and by-products with a minimum use of unpolluted and fertile agricultural soil. Recommendations. The restoration of soil functions, thanks to the soil construction process, must be considered as a primary step for the ecological reclamation of derelict lands. In this way, the pedo-engineering approach should be considered as an essential part of the global ecological engineering for the reclamation of derelict lands. Perspectives. Two major outlooks appear: i) testing a larger variety of wastes and by-products as parent materials for different constructed soils, ii) generalize the results on constructed soils to the characterization of Technosols.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Journal of Soils and...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Journal of Soils and Sediments
    Article . 2008 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Journal of Soils and...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Journal of Soils and Sediments
      Article . 2008 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Khan, I.; Genin, E.; Fafone, V.; Pillant, G.; +4 Authors

    Abstract The Advanced Virgo (AdV) detector is composed of different degrees of freedom (DOFs) i.e. Michelson interferometer, two Fabry-Perot arm cavities, signal recycling cavity, and power recycling cavity. These DOFs need to be locked to precise accuracy with robust, fast and reliable control systems. The control signals used to lock all the DOFs are mildly decoupled in frequency and the optical response of the DOFs are nonlinear, where the linear range of operation is just some percentage of the fringe for each DOF, thus posing difficulty in resonance lock at input laser wavelength for all the cavities. In particular, the control status of the arm cavities can alter the state of the detector’s operational configuration. Using Auxiliary Lasers to lock the arm cavities at different wavelength offers flexible and robust lock of the detector and more spatial margin on the control signals. Second harmonic generation offers the most direct way to have laser beam with different wavelength and phase locked to the AdV input laser beam. We generated upto 97 mW of SH beam in single configuration at 532 nm using fibered amplified laser source at 1064 nm in a 10 mm long Poled Lithium Niobate crystal.

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    Journal of Physics : Conference Series
    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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      Journal of Physics : Conference Series
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Claude, Sophie; Ginestet, Stéphane; Bonhomme, Marion; Moulene, Nicolas; +1 Authors

    The city centre of Cahors (southwest of France) is recognized as a historical heritage site and, like other city centres in Europe, it faces the complex challenge of the thermal retrofitting of old dwellings. This complexity is partly explained by the relative incompatibility of the French energy performance certificate with the retrofitting of old buildings, and by the frequent conflicts between heritage conservation policies and energy efficiency improvements. Today, the level of deterioration and the high vacancy rate of the dwellings, combined with the fuel poverty of their occupants has created an urgent need for an energy retrofit. In order to respond to this set of problems, the city council of Cahors has initiated the "Living Lab" approach, an original idea. The methodology, participants, objectives and obstacles of which are presented in this paper. Living Labs have emerged as a new research concept in which users, traditionally considered as observed subjects and end clients, become co-creators of the innovation process. As opposed to classical approaches, which may fail due to the contradictions among political, ecological, socioeconomic and technological interests, the user centred approach allows the emergence of a sustainable answer in a complex eco-system in a real life context. The first result of this study was the success associated with involving many participants - craftsmen, students, end-users, local authorities, material producers which enabled an efficient and acceptable solution to be found for refurbishment. Another issue was the improvement of both energy efficiency and hydrothermal indoor comfort for the end-users. Longer term results will be the reduction of fuel poverty for occupants, and a city centre that is alive and enjoyable to live in again. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. International audience WOS:000414758300011

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    Energy Research & Social Science
    Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Energy Research & So...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Energy Research & Social Science
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Bolle, Gauthier;

    Depuis l’installation du siège du Conseil de l’Europe à Strasbourg il y a 70 ans, le quartier européen s’y est développé progressivement à partir d’une petite greffe faite sur le parc de l’Orangerie, au nord de la ville, dans une zone résiduelle de l’urbanisme strasbourgeois de la fin du xixe siècle. La cité, forte de sa tradition municipaliste, a saisi certaines des étapes clés du développement institutionnel de l’Europe comme autant d’opportunités successives afin d’asseoir véritablement sa vocation, sans pour autant pouvoir anticiper pleinement son essor. Le caractère hétéroclite du quartier reflète en partie ces tâtonnements. Les procédures à l’origine de la construction des édifices, comme les réponses architecturales offertes, évoluent fortement au fil du temps, accentuant à chaque étape la nécessité de produire des symboles forts et puissants. Ainsi, plusieurs dizaines d’architectes à la stature locale, nationale voire internationale, offrent une grande diversité de propositions architecturales qui s’insèrent dans un cadre dense et à la fois apaisé de par la présence de l’eau et du végétal. Ces postures successives, au service du développement régulièrement fragilisé d’une démocratie transnationale, éclairent les processus d’hybridation entre académisme et modernité et les potentialités symboliques de l’architecture institutionnelle. Since the installation of the Council of Europe headquarters in Strasbourg seventy years ago, the European quarter has grown gradually from a tiny graft made onto the Orangery Park, in the northern part of the city, in a residual area of Strasbourg’s late nineteenth-century urban organisation. With its strong municipalist traditions, the city has subsequently taken advantage of some of the key milestones of Europe's institutional development as opportunities to confirm the quarter’s vocation, but these local authorities were unable fully to anticipate the quarter’s growth. The heterogeneous character of the neighbourhood is a reflection of a process of trial and error. Building methods and design approaches have evolved significantly over time, highlighting at each stage the need to create powerful symbols. Dozens of architects with local, national and even international reputations have offered a wide variety of architectural propositions inserted into a crowded environment, but one which is given a certain peacefulness by the presence of water and vegetation. These successive initiatives in the service of forms of transnational democracy which are regularly called onto question today throw light on processes of hybridisation between academism and modernity and the symbolic potential of institutional architecture.

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    In Situ : Revue de Patrimoines
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    In Situ : Revue de Patrimoines
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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    DOAJ
    Article . 2019
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      In Situ : Revue de Patrimoines
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      In Situ : Revue de Patrimoines
      Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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      DOAJ
      Article . 2019
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    Authors: Mench, Michel; Lepp, Nick; Bert, Valérie; Schwitzguébel, Jean-Paul; +3 Authors

    International audience; Purpose : Many agricultural and brownfield soils are polluted and more have become marginalised due to the introduction of new, risk-based legislation. The European Environment Agency estimates that there are at least 250,000 polluted sites in the member states that require urgent remedial action. There is also significant volumes of wastewaters and dredged polluted sediments. Phytotechnologies potentially offer a cost-effective in situ alternative to conventional technologies for remediation of low to medium-contaminated matrices, e.g. soils, sediments, tailings, solid wastes and waters. For further development, social and commercial acceptance, there is a clear requirement for up-to-date information on successes and failures of these technologies based on evidence from the field. This review reports the outcomes from several integrated experimental attempts to address this at both field and market level in the 29 countries participating in COST Action 859. Results and discussion : This review offers insight into the deployment of promising and emergent in situ phytotechnologies, for sustainable remediation and management of contaminated soils and water, that integrative research findings produced between 2004 and 2009 by members of COST Action 859. Many phytotechnologies are at the demonstration level, but relatively few have been applied in practice on large sites. They are not capable of solving all problems. Those options that may prove successful at market level are (a) phytoextraction of metals, As and Se from marginally contaminated agricultural soils, (b) phytoexclusion and phytostabilisation of metal- and As-contaminated soils, (c) rhizodegradation of organic pollutants and (d) rhizofiltration/rhizodegradation and phytodegradation of organics in constructed wetlands. Each incidence of pollution in an environmental compartment is different and successful sustainable management requires the careful integration of all relevant factors, within the limits set by policy, social acceptance and available finances. Many plant stress factors that are not evident in short-term laboratory experiments can limit the effective deployment of phytotechnologies at field level. The current lack of knowledge on physicochemical and biological mechanisms that underpin phytoremediation, the transfer of contaminants to bioavailable fractions within the matrices, the long-term sustainability and decision support mechanisms are highlighted to identify future R&D priorities that will enable potential end-users to identify particular technologies to meet both statutory and financial requirements. Conclusions : Multidisciplinary research teams and a meaningful partnership between stakeholders are primary requirements that determine long-term ecological, ecotoxicological, social and financial sustainability of phytotechnologies and to demonstrate their efficiency for the solution of large-scale pollution problems. The gap between research and development for the use of phytoremediation options at field level is partly due to a lack of awareness by regulators and problem owners, a lack of expertise and knowledge by service providers and contractors, uncertainties in long-term effectiveness and difficulties in the transfer of particular metabolic pathways to productive and widely available plants. Networks such as COST Action 859 are highly relevant to the integration of research activity, maintenance of projects that demonstrate phytoremediation at a practical field scale and to inform potential end-users on the most suitable techniques. Biomass for energy and other financial returns, biodiversity and ecological consequences, genetic isolation and transfer of plant traits, management of plant-microorganism consortia in terrestrial systems and constructed wetlands, carbon sequestration and soil and water multi-functionality are identified as key areas that need to be incorporated into existing phytotechnologies.

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    Oskar Bordeaux
    Article . 2010
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Journal of Soils and Sediments
    Article . 2010 . Peer-reviewed
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      Oskar Bordeaux
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      Journal of Soils and Sediments
      Article . 2010 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Bertrand-Krajewski, Jean-Luc;

    This paper proposes an introductory review of the historical evolution of urban stormwater management, as well as of current trends, challenges, and changes of paradigm. It reminds us first that most of the existing urban stormwater infrastructures in developed cities are based on the modern urban sewer systems developed in the second half of the 19th century in Europe. They have been built and for decades managed almost solely by urban sanitation and water specialists, relatively independently of other technical services and, more generally, of other stakeholders in cities. They contributed significantly to public health and fast conveyance of stormwater outside the cities. However, at the turn of the 1970s, it became evident with increasing urbanisation that they also had drawbacks: artificialisation of soils, reduction of aquifer recharge, pollution of surface water and ecological impacts, etc. The paper indicates how new concepts and paradigms thereafter emerged to manage stormwater by means of more sustainable and integrated approaches, aiming to solve the problems engendered by the previous approaches. This integration embraces more and more disciplines and issues, far beyond the traditional field of urban water engineers and specialists. The paper attempts to explain the need for this evolution, making urban stormwater management more much complex, dealing and interacting with ecology, biodiversity, bioinspiration, architecture, landscape and water values, citizens’ well-being, history, culture, and socio-economic aspects.

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    Journal of Hydro-environment Research
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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      Journal of Hydro-environment Research
      Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Thomas Nehls; Christophe Schwartz; Kye-Hoon Kim; Martin Kaupenjohann; +2 Authors

    Cities are hotspots of consumption of matter, energy, and water and hotspots of production of wastes, which are also secondary resources. Nutrients such as phosphorus are hardly extracted and recycled from these wastes, except from sewage sludge. This paper discusses a concept for the recycling of P from a great variety of urban wastes (phyto-P-mining). Phyto-P-mining is based on the plant extraction of P from waste materials, which were used to produce planting substrates. They are intended for the greening of urban structures, which were de-vegetated during urbanization or which were not intended to be vegetated before (secondary urban green). After the newly established plants have extracted P, their biomass can be used to produce bioenergy (biogas, wood) or compost. Phosphorus could then be recycled from digestion residues and ashes or directly from compost. Phyto-P-mining is based on otherwise wasted nutrients and on the greening of a high number of not yet vegetated plots, including public or private plazas, sidewalks, roofs, and fallows. Greening is a major goal for urban planning, as functioning soil-vegetation-complexes provide ecosystem services such as climate regulation, dust absorption, wind brake, or aesthetic improvement. Especially in the dense inner city quarters, where vegetation is rare, new green improves public health and well-being. However, due to the lack of available horizontal but the high abundance of vertical structures like walls and facades in city centers, vertical green will be very important for phyto-P-mining. It can efficiently extract P from wastes due to its high ratio of biomass to ground area. Like the vertical areas, the vertical greens are often private properties. Although private greening is primarily conducted for social and cultural reasons, direct market benefits such as bioenergy or fertilizers may reduce costs for the greening. This will foster private urban greening to the benefit of the community and also the recycling of nutrients from urban resources. Phyto-P-mining based on secondary urban green will reestablish soil functions and natural cycling mechanisms in artificial urban systems. The approach has a great potential (i) to improve the urban living environments and to deliver benefits such as (ii) the recycling of phosphorus and other nutrients from urban wastes for the application in urban or rural agri- or horticulture and (iii) the ethically and ecologically sound production of bioenergy.

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    Journal of Soils and Sediments
    Article . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Journal of Soils and Sediments
      Article . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: ARNAULD DE SARTRE, Xavier; TARAVELLA, Romain;

    International audience; Sustainable development changes the governance of modern states and more precisely the way in which they exercise their sovereignty. How does the governance of states strongly subjected to sustainable development undergo transformations when guided by international standards? A debate has emerged within Brazilian society surrounding the concerns about internationalization of the Amazon. Through analysis of this subject matter (considered as a meta-narrative), we show how it reveals a redeployment of national governance in the Amazon. The comparative significance and scaler politics of this merits further research. (c) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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    Oskar Bordeaux
    Article . 2009
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    Oskar Bordeaux
    Article . 2009
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    Political Geography
    Article . 2009 . Peer-reviewed
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      Oskar Bordeaux
      Article . 2009
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      Political Geography
      Article . 2009 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Corinne Jaquand;

    Leberecht Migge (1881-1935) est un paysagiste connu pour ses réalisations de parcs publics et de jardins privés, mais aussi pour ses écrits sur le « vert social » et l’agriculture urbaine. À partir des années 1920, il réalise plusieurs aménagements paysagers pour des extensions urbaines à Berlin, Francfort et Dessau, notamment, et conçoit plusieurs dispositifs spatiaux qui établissent une relation organique entre ville et jardins sur la base du recyclage des eaux et des déchets urbains. Il milite en faveur d’une agriculture d’autosubsistance et délaisse progressivement les questions d’esthétique. Dans son livre, Die wachsende Siedlung nach biologischen Gesetzen (1932), il imagine à l’échelle métropolitaine un système de fermettes évolutives à énergie passive qui seraient adossées à une infrastructure linéaire baptisée « mur de soleil ». Dans son projet « Fruchtlandschaft Berlin » (1933) il développe ce « paysage fertile » sur le terrain du Grand Berlin. Son propos, bien que singulier, puise dans l’imaginaire allemand de la « colonisation intérieure » invoquée par les divers courants de la modernité allemande jusque sous le IIIe Reich. Leberecht Migge (1881-1935) is a landscape-architect, well-known for his parks and gardens and for his writings on « Social Green » and urban farming. From the 20’s on, he develops big scaled designs for urban extensions (in Berlin, Francfort and Dessau above all) and engages himself towards a self-sufficient agriculture, gradually neglecting the question of aesthetics. He proposes several projects related to an organic approach of town and garden, in connection to the recycling of urban water and waste. In his book, Die wachsende Siedlung nach biologischen Gesetzen (1932), he conceives at a metropolitan scale a system of little farms, functioning with passive energy thanks to a linear infrastructure, he called « sun-wall ». In his project « Fruchtlandschaft Berlin » (1933), he develops an « edible landscape » for the metropole of Berlin. His thoughts are singular but also unrooted in the german concept of « innen colonization » which mobilizes the different expressions of german modernity up to the Third Reich.

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    In Situ : Revue de Patrimoines
    Article . 2013 . Peer-reviewed
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    OpenEdition
    Article . 2013
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    In Situ : Revue de Patrimoines
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    Article . 2013
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      In Situ : Revue de Patrimoines
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      OpenEdition
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      In Situ : Revue de Patrimoines
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      DOAJ
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    Authors: Letté, Michel;

    Catastrophes et pollutions massives ont-elles favorisé le tournant environnemental de la société industrielle au 20e siècle ? L'opposition croissante des publics confrontés aux débordements de l'industrie suggère en tout cas une nette évolution des sensibilités. Partant de cas récents, cet article invite à explorer plusieurs registres du conflit environnemental provoqué par ces débordements durant plus de deux siècles d'industrialisation. Leur histoire suggère des échelles variables de temps et d'espace. Elle porte sur la nature des transactions dont l'enjeu est la délimitation des territoires et de leurs fonctions. Elle s'attache aux négociations entre parties prenantes pour qualifier ce qui déborde, oppose leurs intérêts contradictoires, et propose de redéfinir le problème environnemental lui-même. Elle commande finalement une histoire des dispositifs de régulation des conflits environnementaux par la mise en perspective sur le temps long des débordements industriels. Have disasters and massive pollutions contributed to the environmental changes in 20thC industrial society? Growing opposition to the excesses of industry suggests at least a significant shift in public awareness. Staring from recent cases, this paper is an invitation to explore several levels of environmental conflicts as a result of growing industrial wastes from more than two centuries of industrialization. Their story suggests a large range of scale in time and space. It concerns the nature of transactions whose issue is the demarcation of the territories and their functions. It focuses on the negotiations between stake-holders to describe what is beyond their conflicting issues and proposes to redefine the environmental problem in itself. Eventually emerges a history of schemes for regulating environmental conflicts by putting in perspective the long term industrial excesses.

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    Hyper Article en Ligne
    Other literature type . 2012
    Vingtième Siècle Revue d histoire
    Article . 2012 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Séré, Geoffroy; Schwartz, Christophe; Ouvrard, Stéphanie; Sauvage, Claire; +2 Authors

    Goal, Scope and Background. Efficient and environmentally friendly technologies for soil reclamation require efforts to develop innovative processes. Alternative technologies to drastic techniques (containment, total removal of soil) are receiving increasing interest. They are based either on the use of ameliorants (e.g. lime, fertilizer, organic mulch) and more recently on the spreading of organic wastes (e.g. compost, sewage sludge). This paper presents a new process of soil construction using wastes and industrial by-products which are formulated and stacked in layers to build a new soil profile over in situ degraded substrates. Work was conducted to assess the feasibility of the ecological reclamation, focusing on the major functions of constructed Technosols. Materials and Methods. Two large lysimetric plots (10 x 10 in) were built on a former coking plant, and two strategies of constructed soil profiles were compared: i) a control soil using thermally treated industrial soil available in situ, and ii) a constructed soil with a combination of thermally treated industrial soil mixed with exogenous materials such as green waste compost and paper mill sludge. Rainfall was measured periodically, drainage effluent was collected, and aliquots were sampled per plot. Plants were collected in 8 replicates for each plot. Results. Water balance data showed that about 10% of the rain water percolated through the constructed soil profiles. Drainage effluent contained a low concentration of contaminants, below the French water drinking standards. Plants grew without any deficiency symptoms on both plots. Apart from the sowed plants, indigenous species developed on the constructed Technosols. Discussion. The experimental set-up was representative of the real conditions for the implementation of such reclamation technologies. In spite of the significant concentrations of trace elements in the parent materials, the fluxes in the drainage effluent were very low because of the high pH. Significantly higher biomass values were recorded on the constructed soil than on the control, as well as a better development of indigenous plants. Conclusions. The constructed soils are examples of Technosols as they are made exclusively of technogenic parent materials. Our results showed that they can behave like natural soils (water cycle, trace elements filtration, biomass production). The process of soil construction is not only an efficient way to reclaim derelict lands, but also a safe alternative for the recycling of wastes and by-products with a minimum use of unpolluted and fertile agricultural soil. Recommendations. The restoration of soil functions, thanks to the soil construction process, must be considered as a primary step for the ecological reclamation of derelict lands. In this way, the pedo-engineering approach should be considered as an essential part of the global ecological engineering for the reclamation of derelict lands. Perspectives. Two major outlooks appear: i) testing a larger variety of wastes and by-products as parent materials for different constructed soils, ii) generalize the results on constructed soils to the characterization of Technosols.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Journal of Soils and...arrow_drop_down
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    Journal of Soils and Sediments
    Article . 2008 . Peer-reviewed
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      Journal of Soils and Sediments
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    Authors: Khan, I.; Genin, E.; Fafone, V.; Pillant, G.; +4 Authors

    Abstract The Advanced Virgo (AdV) detector is composed of different degrees of freedom (DOFs) i.e. Michelson interferometer, two Fabry-Perot arm cavities, signal recycling cavity, and power recycling cavity. These DOFs need to be locked to precise accuracy with robust, fast and reliable control systems. The control signals used to lock all the DOFs are mildly decoupled in frequency and the optical response of the DOFs are nonlinear, where the linear range of operation is just some percentage of the fringe for each DOF, thus posing difficulty in resonance lock at input laser wavelength for all the cavities. In particular, the control status of the arm cavities can alter the state of the detector’s operational configuration. Using Auxiliary Lasers to lock the arm cavities at different wavelength offers flexible and robust lock of the detector and more spatial margin on the control signals. Second harmonic generation offers the most direct way to have laser beam with different wavelength and phase locked to the AdV input laser beam. We generated upto 97 mW of SH beam in single configuration at 532 nm using fibered amplified laser source at 1064 nm in a 10 mm long Poled Lithium Niobate crystal.

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    Journal of Physics : Conference Series
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      Journal of Physics : Conference Series
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    Authors: Claude, Sophie; Ginestet, Stéphane; Bonhomme, Marion; Moulene, Nicolas; +1 Authors

    The city centre of Cahors (southwest of France) is recognized as a historical heritage site and, like other city centres in Europe, it faces the complex challenge of the thermal retrofitting of old dwellings. This complexity is partly explained by the relative incompatibility of the French energy performance certificate with the retrofitting of old buildings, and by the frequent conflicts between heritage conservation policies and energy efficiency improvements. Today, the level of deterioration and the high vacancy rate of the dwellings, combined with the fuel poverty of their occupants has created an urgent need for an energy retrofit. In order to respond to this set of problems, the city council of Cahors has initiated the "Living Lab" approach, an original idea. The methodology, participants, objectives and obstacles of which are presented in this paper. Living Labs have emerged as a new research concept in which users, traditionally considered as observed subjects and end clients, become co-creators of the innovation process. As opposed to classical approaches, which may fail due to the contradictions among political, ecological, socioeconomic and technological interests, the user centred approach allows the emergence of a sustainable answer in a complex eco-system in a real life context. The first result of this study was the success associated with involving many participants - craftsmen, students, end-users, local authorities, material producers which enabled an efficient and acceptable solution to be found for refurbishment. Another issue was the improvement of both energy efficiency and hydrothermal indoor comfort for the end-users. Longer term results will be the reduction of fuel poverty for occupants, and a city centre that is alive and enjoyable to live in again. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. International audience WOS:000414758300011

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    Energy Research & Social Science
    Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Energy Research & Social Science
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