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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Saint-Paul, Gilles;

    International audience; When policymakers and private agents use models, the economists who design the model have an incentive to alter it in order to influence outcomes in a fashion consistent with their own preferences. I discuss some consequences of the existence of such ideological bias. In particular, I analyze the role of measurement infrastructures such as national statistical institutes, the extent to which intellectual competition between different schools of thought may lead to polarization of views over some parameters and at the same time to consensus over other parameters, and finally how the attempt to preserve influence can lead to degenerative research programs.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Hyper Article en Lig...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    EconStor
    Research . 2012
    Data sources: EconStor
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    SSRN Electronic Journal
    Article . 2013 . Peer-reviewed
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    EconStor
    Research . 2012
    Data sources: EconStor
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Brunet, Claude;

    Expression of power in Cyprian’s Letters : semantic analysis of the names in – tas Cyprian’s Epistulae display a vast lexical field of power, notably abstract substantives with suffix in tas which feature the main Roman political notions in classical language. Taking into account their common sense, the determinative constructions linked to them, and using the technique of semic analysis, we propose to bring their meaning out in this correspondence and to define each one by distinguishing and comparing it to the others, thus putting in evidence Cyprian’s willpower as he addresses his fellow bishops.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ https://www.persee.f...arrow_drop_down
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    Dialogues d histoire ancienne
    Article . 2009 . Peer-reviewed
    Data sources: Crossref
    Dialogues d histoire ancienne
    Article . 2009 . Peer-reviewed
    Data sources: Crossref
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Thomas Chauve; Maurine Montagnat; Cédric Lachaud; David Georges; +1 Authors

    This paper presents, for the first time, the evolution of the local heterogeneous strain field around intra-granular cracking in polycrystalline ice, at the onset of tertiary creep. Owing to the high homologous temperature conditions and relatively low compressive stress applied, stress concentration at the crack tips is relaxed by plastic mechanisms associated with dynamic recrystallization. Strain field evolution followed by digital image correlation (DIC) directly shows the redistribution of strain during crack opening, but also the redistribution driven by crack tip plasticity mechanisms and recrystallization. Associated local changes in microstructure induce modifications of the local stress field evidenced by crack closure during deformation. At the ductile-to-brittle transition in ice, micro-cracking and dynamic recrystallization mechanisms can co-exist and interact, the later being efficient to relax stress concentration at the crack tips. International audience

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Solid Earth (SE)arrow_drop_down
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    Solid Earth (SE)
    Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Solid Earth (SE)
    Other literature type . 2018
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    DOAJ
    Article . 2017
    Data sources: DOAJ
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Solid Earth; Solid Earth (SE)
    Article . 2017
    License: CC BY
    Copernicus Publications
    Other literature type . 2018
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Solid Earth (SE)arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Solid Earth (SE)
      Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Solid Earth (SE)
      Other literature type . 2018
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      DOAJ
      Article . 2017
      Data sources: DOAJ
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Solid Earth; Solid Earth (SE)
      Article . 2017
      License: CC BY
      Copernicus Publications
      Other literature type . 2018
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Benjamin Guiot; Iu. Karpenko; T. Pierog; G. Sophys; +1 Authors

    International audience; The implementation of heavy quarks and prompt photons in EPOS is presented. One of the interests of event generators is their capability to reproduce exclusive observables. Our results for charms and prompt photons, in p-p collisions at $\sqrt s = 7{\rm{ TeV}}$, are compared with experiments and FONLL calculations [1].

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ KITopenarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    KITopen
    Article . 2017
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: KITopen
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    https://doi.org/10.5445/ir/100...
    Article . 2017
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Datacite
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Journal of Physics : Conference Series
    Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ KITopenarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      KITopen
      Article . 2017
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: KITopen
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      https://doi.org/10.5445/ir/100...
      Article . 2017
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Datacite
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Journal of Physics : Conference Series
      Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: de Becdelievre , Camille; Thiol , Camille; Saligny , Laure; Granjon , Ludovic; +1 Authors

    International audience; The use of collective graves is one of the main features of the western European Late Neolithic. A single gravesite received the successive deposition of dozens or sometimes hundreds of individuals. While cremations or even full-fired inhumation layers are often found within these funerary deposits, the actual role of fire is still poorly understood. Recently discovered within the important archaeological complex of Passy (Yonne, France), the burned collective grave of La Truie-Pendue provides an outstanding case study to examine the use of fire within Neolithic funerary rites. In this study, we develop a new contextual approach to bone alterations in order to reconstruct the original circumstances of combustion and to examine cultural motivations for the use of fire. Results of spatial statistical analyses indicate that the fire event was the first step of a procedure that sealed the grave, closed the access to the dead and signaled the end of the grave's history. Similar sealing procedures were usual elsewhere during the Late Neolithic. Finally, this study demonstrates the value of using GIS as a tool to optimize taphonomic analyses of widely fragmented and commingled skeletal assemblages.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Journal of Field Arc...arrow_drop_down
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    Journal of Field Archaeology
    Article . 2016 . Peer-reviewed
    Data sources: Crossref
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Depoortère, Christophe;

    This article transcripts and analyzes two hitherto unpublished letters by David Ricardo. The first one (6 December 1812), was addressed to Leonard Horner. In the second one (3 March 1813), Ricardo thanked Samuel Tertius Galton for having sent him the pamphlet on monetary questions Galton had just published. This second letter was very useful to identify the work discussed by Ricardo in the first letter. Indeed, in his writing to Horner, Ricardo commented extensively on Galton’s manuscript. He dealt with important monetary issues such as the distinction between a deteriorated and a depreciated currency, the determination of the par of exchange between countries admitting two different monetary standards, and the distinction between an increased issue of notes by the Bank of England and an increased quantity of money in circulation.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Journal of the Histo...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Journal of the History of Economic Thought
    Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Cambridge Core User Agreement
    Data sources: Crossref
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Journal of the Histo...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Journal of the History of Economic Thought
      Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Masset, Caroline; Costamagno, Sandrine; Cochard, David; Laroulandie, Véronique;

    Bones collected on Palaeolithic archaeological sites are rarely found whole. While a range of natural factors and mechanisms can be the cause of this bone fragmentation (e. g. carnivores, weathering, and sediment compaction), human activity is often a major agent, as bone fracturing takes place in many operational sequences involving the transformation and exploitation of animal resources, particularly in terms of the use of bone marrow and the bone itself as a raw material. The bone marrow contained in the medullary cavity of long bones is an important food resource for many human groups, particularly in periglacial areas, such as among the Nunamiut of Alaska or the Siberian Koriak. These groups each use different processes to remove the bone marrow. This variability is partly explained by the technical traditions and modes of consumption specific to each group, which often lead to a standardization of fracturing techniques within the group. Can recurring patterns of this kind be observed in the Palaeolithic context ? And if so, is it possible to demonstrate the transmission of such processes in terms of the removal of the bone marrow ? To help answer such questions, we present in this article a detailed study of the percussion marks observed on saiga antelope (Saiga tatarica) long bones from the upper complex at Saint-Germain-la-Rivière (Gironde), attributed to the Middle Magdalenian. This includes an inventory of the number of impact marks on each fragment, their nature, their arrangement in relation to each other, and their location on the anatomical element. The degree of percussion has been calculated for the different parts of the anatomical elements in order to establish whether there were any preferred impact zones. The patterns observed were then compared with those described in publications in order to establish their specific characteristics and to assess the parameters that may have affected such distributions of marks. Saint-Germain-la-Rivière has already been the subject of a detailed taphonomic study (Costamagno, 1999) demonstrating the significant role of Magdalenian hunter-gatherers in the accumulation and modification of bone remains and the limited impact of carnivores. This homogeneity in the constitution of the assemblage reduces the risk of confusion between human and natural agents in the attribution of the marks observed. The corpus studied was composed of 640 bone remains, all of which were fragments of the main long bones containing bone marrow (humeri, radioulnae, femurs, tibias, and metapodials). The faunal remains at Saint-Germain-la-Rivière were intensely fractured and present numerous human percussion marks that can be attributed to this activity of fracturing the bone. Almost 19% of the corpus presented such marks. No correlation was observed between the distribution of the percussion marks and the conservation/ identification of the different skeletal parts. Recurrences in the location of the impact points were nonetheless identified. These recurrences varied in relation to the skeletal elements considered and differed in degree. In the case of the radii, for example, the vast majority of impact marks were found on the proximal parts, in contrast with the humeri and tibias for which the distribution of percussion marks, although more variable, appeared to indicate a selection predominantly in favour of the distal parts. The preferred percussion surface also varied according to the element, mainly the anterior surface in the case of the radii but the lateral or medial surfaces in the case of the humeri. The existence of such recurrences indicates that the arrangement of the impact points results from deliberate choice. This choice of location to perform the fracturing of the bone does not appear to be dictated solely by mechanical constraints (e. g. bone structure) or ergonomic constraints specific to each skeletal element. If that were the case, the patterns observed for a specific species would be relatively similar from one level to another and one site to another. However this is not the case, as at Saint-Germain-la-Rivière, for a single taxon, the saiga antelope, the pattern observed in the upper complex (Middle Magdalenian) differs from that observed in the lower complex (Lower Magdalenian). The most striking case is that of the radii, as between the two complexes the arrangement of the impact points is diametrically opposed. This variability is not specific to this species as at other sites attributed to different techno-complexes, differences in the choice of the location of the percussion marks have also been observed, particularly for reindeer and ibex. This is also the case for sites attributed to the same period. Thus, while we cannot completely exclude the possibility of a preferential choice in relation to the bone structure itself, the existence of such inter and intra-species variability suggests choices dictated in part by cultural factors. Furthermore, the analysis of percussion marks has allowed us to highlight in some cases the presence of several impact points on the same bone fragment. Thus, some of the bone fragments have multiple percussion marks (up to eight identified), sometimes located over a small area and in the form of chopmarks. This type of mark is generally attributed to the disarticulation stage of the limbs during the butchery process. Given their location on the bone element, this does not however appear to be the case here. Moreover, they do not appear to be of a technical nature and cannot be attributed to retouchers. One of the hypotheses that we can put forward here is that several attempts were made at fracturing the bone. This then raises the question of the tenacity and mastery of the technique and could imply that these bones were fractured by novices. La fracturation osseuse est une pratique couramment observée sur les gisements paléolithiques, celle-ci intervenant dans diverses chaînes opératoires de transformation et d’utilisation des ressources animales, notamment alimentaires. La moelle osseuse, contenue dans la cavité médullaire des os longs, est une ressource alimentaire non négligeable pour de nombreux groupes humains, en particulier dans les zones périglaciaires, tels les Nunamiuts d’Alaska ou les Koriaks de Sibérie. Différents procédés sont mis en oeuvre pour sa récupération ; leur variabilité s’explique en partie par l’existence de traditions techniques et de modes de consommation de la moelle, propres aux différents groupes. Ces traditions entraînent souvent une standardisation des procédés de fracturation à l’intérieur de chaque groupe. De tels schémas récurrents sont-ils perceptibles dans le registre paléolithique ? Si oui, est-il possible de mettre en évidence une transmission des gestes relatifs à la récupération de la moelle ? Afin d’apporter des éléments de réponse à ces questions nous proposons dans le cadre de cet article, une étude détaillée des traces de percussion observées sur les os longs d’antilope saïga (Saiga tatarica), provenant de l’ensemble supérieur Magdalénien moyen de Saint-Germain-la-Rivière (Gironde). Les schémas observés ont ensuite été comparés à ceux décrits dans la littérature afin d’apprécier leurs spécificités et de discuter des paramètres ayant pu influer sur cette répartition des traces. Les vestiges fauniques de Saint-Germain-la-Rivière sont intensément fracturés et présentent de nombreuses traces de percussion d’origine anthropique attribuables à cette activité de fracturation de l’os. Des récurrences dans la localisation des traces de percussion ont pu être mises en évidence. Celles-ci varient selon les éléments squelettiques considérés et sont plus ou moins marquées. L’existence de telles récurrences tend à prouver que la disposition des points d’impact dépend d’un choix délibéré. Ces choix ne semblent pas être dictés exclusivement par l’existence de contraintes mécaniques (e. g. la structure osseuse) ou ergonomiques spécifiques aux éléments squelettiques. Par ailleurs, l’existence d’une variabilité inter-et intra-spécifique, observable d''après les données de la littérature laisse à penser qu’il s’agit de choix dictés en partie par un facteur culturel. L’analyse des traces de percussion a également permis de mettre en évidence, dans certains cas, la présence de plusieurs points d’impact sur une surface réduite. L’une des hypothèses que l’on peut émettre ici serait qu’il y ait eu plusieurs tentatives pour fracturer l’os. Ces pièces posent alors la question de l’acharnement et de la maîtrise du geste et pourraient évoquer des os fracturés par des novices. Masset Caroline, Costamagno Sandrine, Cochard David, Laroulandie Véronique. La fracturation osseuse : du fait technique à l’essai d’interprétation sociétale : l’exemple de l’antilope saïga du gisement magdalénien de Saint-Germain-la-Rivière (Gironde). In: Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française, tome 113, n°4, 2016. pp. 691-712.

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    Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française
    Article . 2016 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Leclercq, Xavier; Briois, François;

    Abstract. — The series studied here, collected on the 60 m terrace of the Ariege, dates to a late Riss. This set of Upper Acheulean tools is rich in choppers and chopping-tools, and for the most part includes almond-shaped and partial bifaces, as well as cleavers on flaxes. The industry is characterized by a high Levalloisian index, and the Mousterian group is particularly important. Leclercq Xavier, Briois François. Une station du Paléolithique inférieur près de Pamiers, à Fontvives (Ariège). In: Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française, tome 79, n°10-12, 1982. Études et Travaux. pp. 305-318.

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    Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française
    Article . 1982 . Peer-reviewed
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      Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française
      Article . 1982 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Kerner, R.;

    Our aim is to derive the symmetries of the space-time, i.e. the Lorentz transformations, from discrete symmetries of the interactions between the most fundamental constituents of matter, in particular quarks and leptons. The role of Pauli’s exclusion principle in the derivation of the SL(2,C), symmetry is put forward as the source of the macroscopically observed Lorentz symmetry. Then Pauli’s principle is generalized for the case of the Z 3 grading replacing the usual Z 2 grading, leading to ternary commutation relations for quantum operator algebras. In the case of lowest dimension, with two generators only, it is shown how the cubic combinations Z 3-graded elements behave like Lorentz spinors, and the binary product of elements of this algebra with an element of the conjugate algebra behave like Lorentz vectors. International audience

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    Journal of Physics : Conference Series
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    Journal of Physics : Conference Series
    Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
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      Journal of Physics : Conference Series
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    Authors: Rembser, Jonas;

    International audience; The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector is one of the two multi-purpose experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and has a broad physics program. Many aspects of this program depend on our ability to trigger, reconstruct and identify events with final state electrons, positrons, and photons with the CMS detector with excellent efficiency and high resolution. We present the full process of electron and photon reconstruction in CMS, starting from tracker hits and energy deposits in the electromagnetic calorimeter, the methods to achieve the ultimate precision in Run II energy measurements, the identification strategies (based both on cut-based approach and on multivariate analysis) to discriminate prompt electrons and photons from background, and the methods to estimate the associated systematic uncertainties. Finally the performance on benchmark channels (such as $Z$ → e$^+$ e$^-$) will be shown.

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    Journal of Physics : Conference Series
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    Authors: Saint-Paul, Gilles;

    International audience; When policymakers and private agents use models, the economists who design the model have an incentive to alter it in order to influence outcomes in a fashion consistent with their own preferences. I discuss some consequences of the existence of such ideological bias. In particular, I analyze the role of measurement infrastructures such as national statistical institutes, the extent to which intellectual competition between different schools of thought may lead to polarization of views over some parameters and at the same time to consensus over other parameters, and finally how the attempt to preserve influence can lead to degenerative research programs.

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    SSRN Electronic Journal
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    Research . 2012
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    Authors: Brunet, Claude;

    Expression of power in Cyprian’s Letters : semantic analysis of the names in – tas Cyprian’s Epistulae display a vast lexical field of power, notably abstract substantives with suffix in tas which feature the main Roman political notions in classical language. Taking into account their common sense, the determinative constructions linked to them, and using the technique of semic analysis, we propose to bring their meaning out in this correspondence and to define each one by distinguishing and comparing it to the others, thus putting in evidence Cyprian’s willpower as he addresses his fellow bishops.

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    Dialogues d histoire ancienne
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    Authors: Thomas Chauve; Maurine Montagnat; Cédric Lachaud; David Georges; +1 Authors

    This paper presents, for the first time, the evolution of the local heterogeneous strain field around intra-granular cracking in polycrystalline ice, at the onset of tertiary creep. Owing to the high homologous temperature conditions and relatively low compressive stress applied, stress concentration at the crack tips is relaxed by plastic mechanisms associated with dynamic recrystallization. Strain field evolution followed by digital image correlation (DIC) directly shows the redistribution of strain during crack opening, but also the redistribution driven by crack tip plasticity mechanisms and recrystallization. Associated local changes in microstructure induce modifications of the local stress field evidenced by crack closure during deformation. At the ductile-to-brittle transition in ice, micro-cracking and dynamic recrystallization mechanisms can co-exist and interact, the later being efficient to relax stress concentration at the crack tips. International audience

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    Solid Earth (SE)
    Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
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    Solid Earth; Solid Earth (SE)
    Article . 2017
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    Copernicus Publications
    Other literature type . 2018
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      Solid Earth (SE)
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      Other literature type . 2018
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      Solid Earth; Solid Earth (SE)
      Article . 2017
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      Copernicus Publications
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    Authors: Benjamin Guiot; Iu. Karpenko; T. Pierog; G. Sophys; +1 Authors

    International audience; The implementation of heavy quarks and prompt photons in EPOS is presented. One of the interests of event generators is their capability to reproduce exclusive observables. Our results for charms and prompt photons, in p-p collisions at $\sqrt s = 7{\rm{ TeV}}$, are compared with experiments and FONLL calculations [1].

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    KITopen
    Article . 2017
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    https://doi.org/10.5445/ir/100...
    Article . 2017
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    Journal of Physics : Conference Series
    Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
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      KITopen
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      https://doi.org/10.5445/ir/100...
      Article . 2017
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      Journal of Physics : Conference Series
      Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: de Becdelievre , Camille; Thiol , Camille; Saligny , Laure; Granjon , Ludovic; +1 Authors

    International audience; The use of collective graves is one of the main features of the western European Late Neolithic. A single gravesite received the successive deposition of dozens or sometimes hundreds of individuals. While cremations or even full-fired inhumation layers are often found within these funerary deposits, the actual role of fire is still poorly understood. Recently discovered within the important archaeological complex of Passy (Yonne, France), the burned collective grave of La Truie-Pendue provides an outstanding case study to examine the use of fire within Neolithic funerary rites. In this study, we develop a new contextual approach to bone alterations in order to reconstruct the original circumstances of combustion and to examine cultural motivations for the use of fire. Results of spatial statistical analyses indicate that the fire event was the first step of a procedure that sealed the grave, closed the access to the dead and signaled the end of the grave's history. Similar sealing procedures were usual elsewhere during the Late Neolithic. Finally, this study demonstrates the value of using GIS as a tool to optimize taphonomic analyses of widely fragmented and commingled skeletal assemblages.

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    Journal of Field Archaeology
    Article . 2016 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Depoortère, Christophe;

    This article transcripts and analyzes two hitherto unpublished letters by David Ricardo. The first one (6 December 1812), was addressed to Leonard Horner. In the second one (3 March 1813), Ricardo thanked Samuel Tertius Galton for having sent him the pamphlet on monetary questions Galton had just published. This second letter was very useful to identify the work discussed by Ricardo in the first letter. Indeed, in his writing to Horner, Ricardo commented extensively on Galton’s manuscript. He dealt with important monetary issues such as the distinction between a deteriorated and a depreciated currency, the determination of the par of exchange between countries admitting two different monetary standards, and the distinction between an increased issue of notes by the Bank of England and an increased quantity of money in circulation.

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    Journal of the History of Economic Thought
    Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
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      Journal of the History of Economic Thought
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    Authors: Masset, Caroline; Costamagno, Sandrine; Cochard, David; Laroulandie, Véronique;

    Bones collected on Palaeolithic archaeological sites are rarely found whole. While a range of natural factors and mechanisms can be the cause of this bone fragmentation (e. g. carnivores, weathering, and sediment compaction), human activity is often a major agent, as bone fracturing takes place in many operational sequences involving the transformation and exploitation of animal resources, particularly in terms of the use of bone marrow and the bone itself as a raw material. The bone marrow contained in the medullary cavity of long bones is an important food resource for many human groups, particularly in periglacial areas, such as among the Nunamiut of Alaska or the Siberian Koriak. These groups each use different processes to remove the bone marrow. This variability is partly explained by the technical traditions and modes of consumption specific to each group, which often lead to a standardization of fracturing techniques within the group. Can recurring patterns of this kind be observed in the Palaeolithic context ? And if so, is it possible to demonstrate the transmission of such processes in terms of the removal of the bone marrow ? To help answer such questions, we present in this article a detailed study of the percussion marks observed on saiga antelope (Saiga tatarica) long bones from the upper complex at Saint-Germain-la-Rivière (Gironde), attributed to the Middle Magdalenian. This includes an inventory of the number of impact marks on each fragment, their nature, their arrangement in relation to each other, and their location on the anatomical element. The degree of percussion has been calculated for the different parts of the anatomical elements in order to establish whether there were any preferred impact zones. The patterns observed were then compared with those described in publications in order to establish their specific characteristics and to assess the parameters that may have affected such distributions of marks. Saint-Germain-la-Rivière has already been the subject of a detailed taphonomic study (Costamagno, 1999) demonstrating the significant role of Magdalenian hunter-gatherers in the accumulation and modification of bone remains and the limited impact of carnivores. This homogeneity in the constitution of the assemblage reduces the risk of confusion between human and natural agents in the attribution of the marks observed. The corpus studied was composed of 640 bone remains, all of which were fragments of the main long bones containing bone marrow (humeri, radioulnae, femurs, tibias, and metapodials). The faunal remains at Saint-Germain-la-Rivière were intensely fractured and present numerous human percussion marks that can be attributed to this activity of fracturing the bone. Almost 19% of the corpus presented such marks. No correlation was observed between the distribution of the percussion marks and the conservation/ identification of the different skeletal parts. Recurrences in the location of the impact points were nonetheless identified. These recurrences varied in relation to the skeletal elements considered and differed in degree. In the case of the radii, for example, the vast majority of impact marks were found on the proximal parts, in contrast with the humeri and tibias for which the distribution of percussion marks, although more variable, appeared to indicate a selection predominantly in favour of the distal parts. The preferred percussion surface also varied according to the element, mainly the anterior surface in the case of the radii but the lateral or medial surfaces in the case of the humeri. The existence of such recurrences indicates that the arrangement of the impact points results from deliberate choice. This choice of location to perform the fracturing of the bone does not appear to be dictated solely by mechanical constraints (e. g. bone structure) or ergonomic constraints specific to each skeletal element. If that were the case, the patterns observed for a specific species would be relatively similar from one level to another and one site to another. However this is not the case, as at Saint-Germain-la-Rivière, for a single taxon, the saiga antelope, the pattern observed in the upper complex (Middle Magdalenian) differs from that observed in the lower complex (Lower Magdalenian). The most striking case is that of the radii, as between the two complexes the arrangement of the impact points is diametrically opposed. This variability is not specific to this species as at other sites attributed to different techno-complexes, differences in the choice of the location of the percussion marks have also been observed, particularly for reindeer and ibex. This is also the case for sites attributed to the same period. Thus, while we cannot completely exclude the possibility of a preferential choice in relation to the bone structure itself, the existence of such inter and intra-species variability suggests choices dictated in part by cultural factors. Furthermore, the analysis of percussion marks has allowed us to highlight in some cases the presence of several impact points on the same bone fragment. Thus, some of the bone fragments have multiple percussion marks (up to eight identified), sometimes located over a small area and in the form of chopmarks. This type of mark is generally attributed to the disarticulation stage of the limbs during the butchery process. Given their location on the bone element, this does not however appear to be the case here. Moreover, they do not appear to be of a technical nature and cannot be attributed to retouchers. One of the hypotheses that we can put forward here is that several attempts were made at fracturing the bone. This then raises the question of the tenacity and mastery of the technique and could imply that these bones were fractured by novices. La fracturation osseuse est une pratique couramment observée sur les gisements paléolithiques, celle-ci intervenant dans diverses chaînes opératoires de transformation et d’utilisation des ressources animales, notamment alimentaires. La moelle osseuse, contenue dans la cavité médullaire des os longs, est une ressource alimentaire non négligeable pour de nombreux groupes humains, en particulier dans les zones périglaciaires, tels les Nunamiuts d’Alaska ou les Koriaks de Sibérie. Différents procédés sont mis en oeuvre pour sa récupération ; leur variabilité s’explique en partie par l’existence de traditions techniques et de modes de consommation de la moelle, propres aux différents groupes. Ces traditions entraînent souvent une standardisation des procédés de fracturation à l’intérieur de chaque groupe. De tels schémas récurrents sont-ils perceptibles dans le registre paléolithique ? Si oui, est-il possible de mettre en évidence une transmission des gestes relatifs à la récupération de la moelle ? Afin d’apporter des éléments de réponse à ces questions nous proposons dans le cadre de cet article, une étude détaillée des traces de percussion observées sur les os longs d’antilope saïga (Saiga tatarica), provenant de l’ensemble supérieur Magdalénien moyen de Saint-Germain-la-Rivière (Gironde). Les schémas observés ont ensuite été comparés à ceux décrits dans la littérature afin d’apprécier leurs spécificités et de discuter des paramètres ayant pu influer sur cette répartition des traces. Les vestiges fauniques de Saint-Germain-la-Rivière sont intensément fracturés et présentent de nombreuses traces de percussion d’origine anthropique attribuables à cette activité de fracturation de l’os. Des récurrences dans la localisation des traces de percussion ont pu être mises en évidence. Celles-ci varient selon les éléments squelettiques considérés et sont plus ou moins marquées. L’existence de telles récurrences tend à prouver que la disposition des points d’impact dépend d’un choix délibéré. Ces choix ne semblent pas être dictés exclusivement par l’existence de contraintes mécaniques (e. g. la structure osseuse) ou ergonomiques spécifiques aux éléments squelettiques. Par ailleurs, l’existence d’une variabilité inter-et intra-spécifique, observable d''après les données de la littérature laisse à penser qu’il s’agit de choix dictés en partie par un facteur culturel. L’analyse des traces de percussion a également permis de mettre en évidence, dans certains cas, la présence de plusieurs points d’impact sur une surface réduite. L’une des hypothèses que l’on peut émettre ici serait qu’il y ait eu plusieurs tentatives pour fracturer l’os. Ces pièces posent alors la question de l’acharnement et de la maîtrise du geste et pourraient évoquer des os fracturés par des novices. Masset Caroline, Costamagno Sandrine, Cochard David, Laroulandie Véronique. La fracturation osseuse : du fait technique à l’essai d’interprétation sociétale : l’exemple de l’antilope saïga du gisement magdalénien de Saint-Germain-la-Rivière (Gironde). In: Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française, tome 113, n°4, 2016. pp. 691-712.

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    Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française
    Article . 2016 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Leclercq, Xavier; Briois, François;

    Abstract. — The series studied here, collected on the 60 m terrace of the Ariege, dates to a late Riss. This set of Upper Acheulean tools is rich in choppers and chopping-tools, and for the most part includes almond-shaped and partial bifaces, as well as cleavers on flaxes. The industry is characterized by a high Levalloisian index, and the Mousterian group is particularly important. Leclercq Xavier, Briois François. Une station du Paléolithique inférieur près de Pamiers, à Fontvives (Ariège). In: Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française, tome 79, n°10-12, 1982. Études et Travaux. pp. 305-318.

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    Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française
    Article . 1982 . Peer-reviewed
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      Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française
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    Authors: Kerner, R.;

    Our aim is to derive the symmetries of the space-time, i.e. the Lorentz transformations, from discrete symmetries of the interactions between the most fundamental constituents of matter, in particular quarks and leptons. The role of Pauli’s exclusion principle in the derivation of the SL(2,C), symmetry is put forward as the source of the macroscopically observed Lorentz symmetry. Then Pauli’s principle is generalized for the case of the Z 3 grading replacing the usual Z 2 grading, leading to ternary commutation relations for quantum operator algebras. In the case of lowest dimension, with two generators only, it is shown how the cubic combinations Z 3-graded elements behave like Lorentz spinors, and the binary product of elements of this algebra with an element of the conjugate algebra behave like Lorentz vectors. International audience

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    Journal of Physics : Conference Series
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    Journal of Physics : Conference Series
    Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
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      Journal of Physics : Conference Series
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      Journal of Physics : Conference Series
      Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Rembser, Jonas;

    International audience; The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector is one of the two multi-purpose experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and has a broad physics program. Many aspects of this program depend on our ability to trigger, reconstruct and identify events with final state electrons, positrons, and photons with the CMS detector with excellent efficiency and high resolution. We present the full process of electron and photon reconstruction in CMS, starting from tracker hits and energy deposits in the electromagnetic calorimeter, the methods to achieve the ultimate precision in Run II energy measurements, the identification strategies (based both on cut-based approach and on multivariate analysis) to discriminate prompt electrons and photons from background, and the methods to estimate the associated systematic uncertainties. Finally the performance on benchmark channels (such as $Z$ → e$^+$ e$^-$) will be shown.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ CERN Document Serverarrow_drop_down
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    Other literature type . 2019
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    Journal of Physics : Conference Series
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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      Other literature type . 2019
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      Journal of Physics : Conference Series
      Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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