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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Cottegnies, Line;

    La réception de La Princesse de Clèves en Angleterre témoigne d’une rencontre manquée. Traduit de manière anonyme dès 1679, le roman ne rencontre pas le succès attendu. Certes, cette traduction est rééditée en 1688, mais la réception du roman est contrariée par le grand succès de l’adaptation théâtrale très libre qu’en donne le dramaturge Nathaniel Lee en 1680 au Queen’s Theatre, et dont le texte est publié en 1689. Adaptée spécifiquement au goût de la Restauration, la pièce ne reprend que quelques scènes-clés du roman, et, si le Prince et la Princesse de Clèves sont à peu près conformes à leurs modèles, le Duc de Nemours est représenté sous les traits d’un libertin, à l’image des roués (« rakes »), qui peuplaient les comédies londoniennes depuis les années 1660. Le roman passe ici clairement au second plan. Cette adaptation théâtrale semble avoir brouillé la perception de La Princesse de Clèves en Angleterre, en constituant un filtre à son appréciation. Ce n’est qu’au XVIIIe siècle, presque un demi-siècle plus tard, à l’heure de la sensibilité triomphante, que la fiction de Mme de Lafayette connaît un regain d’intêrêt en Angleterre. La Princesse de Clèves, retraduite en 1720, est alors intégrée dans plusieurs recueils de romans continentaux publiés au cours du siècle. Cet article revient sur les raisons de ce décalage dans la réception de La Princesse de Clèves, en étudiant ce moment de l’histoire littéraire anglaise, vers 1680, où les romans français sont traduits par brassées. Faut-il expliquer l’accueil relativement réservé rencontré par La Princesse de Clèves au XVIIe siècle comme procédant de la différence entre un goût anglais et un goût français ? On montrera que si le roman a très certainement pâti du brouillage créé par l’adaptation théâtrale de la pièce de 1680 ou 1681, il représentait aussi une forme de roman difficilement transposable en Angleterre en 1679. The reception of La Princesse of Clèves in England bears witness to a failed encounter. Anonymously translated in 1679, the novel did not meet with the expected success. Although the translation was republished in 1688, the novel's reception was thwarted by the great success of the very free theatrical adaptation given by the playwright Nathaniel Lee in 1680 at Queen's Theatre, the text of which was published in 1689. Adapted specifically to the tastes of the Restoration, the play takes up only a few key scenes from the novel, and while the Prince and Princess of Cleves are more or less true to their models, the Duke of Nemours is portrayed as a libertine, in line with the “rakes” who had populated London comedies since the 1660s. This theatrical adaptation seems to have blurred the perception of the French novel in England, acting as a filter for its appreciation. It was not until the eighteenth century, almost half a century later, at a time when novels of sensibility became fashionable, that Mme de Lafayette's fiction enjoyed renewed interest in England. The Princess of Cleves, retranslated in 1720, was then included in several collections of continental novels published over the course of the century. This article looks at the reasons for this gap in the reception of La Princesse de Clèves, by studying the moment in English literary history, around 1680, when French novels were translated by the dozens. Should we explain the relatively lukewarm reception of La Princesse of Clèves in the seventeenth century as a result of the difference between English and French tastes? This article shows that while the novel certainly suffered from the confusion created by the theatrical adaptation of the play in 1680 or 1681, it also represented a form of novel that was difficult to transpose to England in 1679.

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    OpenEdition
    Article . 2024
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    Etudes Epistémè
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      OpenEdition
      Article . 2024
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      Etudes Epistémè
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Fernández Vicente, María José;

    Este trabajo busca analizar las emociones que acompañaron los procesos identitarios de los españoles instalados en Francia. Se tratará así de entender en qué medida y de qué manera los afectos y sensibilidades de estos emigrantes influyeron, no solamente en la manera en la que estos construyeron su identidad de español expatriado sino en cómo estos (re)pensaron sus estrategias migratorias durante su estancia en el país vecino.

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    INVESTIGACIONES HISTÓRICAS ÉPOCA MODERNA Y CONTEMPORÁNEA
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Sol��rzano-Kraemer, M��nica M.; Bourdeau, Cl��ment; Rosse-Guillevic, Simon; Hammel, J��rg U.; +2 Authors

    Phorid flies are an abundant and diverse dipteran family in modern faunas, yet poorly represented in the fossil record. Here, we describe the first fossil species of the millipede parasitizing genus Myriophora, M. asiatica n. sp., and three new fossil species of the ant parasitizing genus Apocephalus, A. miocenus n. sp., A. dominicanus n. sp., and A. chiapanecus n. sp. discovered in Miocene amber deposits from China, Dominican Republic, and Mexico, respectively. Moreover, we add details on the species Apocephalus succineus Brown, previously described in Dominican amber, with the observation of a new specimen. We also include a dichotomous key for all Apocephalus species described in the fossil record. Palaeoworld x, S1871174X21000913 (1-17) (2021). doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2021.11.002 Published by Elsevier, Amsterdam [u.a.]

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    Palaeoworld
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
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      Palaeoworld
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Pouchain, Delphine; Petit, Emmanuel; Ballet, Jérôme;

    L’analyse économique expérimentale et comportementale a mis en évidence le rôle ambivalent de la colère. Trop intense, mal canalisée, la colère est à la source de représailles et conduit au blocage de l’échange. Il existe cependant un seuil d’intensité de la colère pour lequel celle-ci est rationnelle et utile pour celui qui l’exprime. La colère conduit notamment celui qui en est l’objet à adopter des comportements plus respectueux et plus justes. La théorie des émotions du philosophe américain John Dewey interroge la portée et l’efficacité d’une émotion au regard de sa qualité et de son intensité. En nous appuyant sur sa démarche, la question que nous posons ici est de savoir à quelles conditions la colère peut être une émotion susceptible d’être convertie en une action (individuelle et collective) au service de la lutte contre le réchauffement climatique. Il s’agit donc d’analyser le potentiel de la colère dans la mitigation du climat, en montrant qu’il dépend en grande partie, comme le suggère l’approche pragmatiste, de la qualité d’expression de cette émotion et de son intensité. Experimental and behavioural economic analysis has highlighted the ambivalent role of anger. If anger is too intense and poorly channelled, it can lead to retaliation and the blocking of exchanges. However, there is a threshold of intensity for anger at which it is rational and useful for the person who expresses it. In particular, anger leads the person who is the object of it to adopt more respectful and fair behaviour. The theory of emotions of the American philosopher John Dewey questions the scope and effectiveness of an emotion in terms of its quality and intensity. Based on his approach, the question we ask in this article is to know under what conditions anger can be an emotion that can be converted into an individual and collective action to fight global warming. The aim is therefore to analyse the potential of anger in climate mitigation. We show that this potential depends to a large extent, as the pragmatist approach suggests, on the quality of expression of this emotion and its intensity.

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    Oskar Bordeaux
    Article . 2023
    Data sources: Oskar Bordeaux
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    Œconomia
    Article . 2023
    Data sources: DOAJ
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    OpenEdition
    Article . 2023
    Data sources: OpenEdition
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    Œconomia
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      Oskar Bordeaux
      Article . 2023
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      Œconomia
      Article . 2023
      Data sources: DOAJ
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      OpenEdition
      Article . 2023
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      Œconomia
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Huleux, François;

    La diversité biologique connaît un schéma d'érosion face auquel la communauté internationale tente de lutter. Depuis quelques années, les communautés locales et autochtones sont reconnues comme un modèle de conservation et d'utilisation durable de cette diversité. Elles recréent, expriment et transmettent des connaissances et pratiques de gestion des ressources naturelles depuis des temps immémoriaux pour certaines. En 2003, la Convention pour la sauvegarde du patrimoine culturel immatériel (ci-après « Convention PCI ») est adoptée afin de préserver ce patrimoine qui est lui aussi sur le point de disparaître en raison de l'acculturation, la mondialisation, la déforestation, etc. Malgré la relation d’interdépendance qui caractérise certains éléments du patrimoine culturel immatériel (ci-après « PCI ») avec les éléments matériels naturels auxquels ils sont associés, la Convention ne guide pas ses Parties vers la reconnaissance et préservation de cette relation. Plus précisément, elle ne guide pas ses Parties vers la conservation et l’utilisation durable de l’ensemble des éléments de la biodiversité nécessaires à la sauvegarde du PCI (réseau de vie). C’est pourquoi, certains pourraient s’interroger sur la capacité de la Convention PCI à sauvegarder le PCI associé à la biodiversité ? A l’heure de l’extinction des espèces et de la raréfaction des connaissances et pratiques « traditionnelles », il apparaît primordial de faire évoluer la mise en œuvre de la Convention par une révision de ses Directives opérationnelles chargées de préciser les engagements des Parties et régulièrement amendées par le Comité intergouvernemental de sauvegarde du PCI et l’Assemblé générale des États parties à la Convention vers une sauvegarde mieux adaptée au PCI associé à la biodiversité. L’approche par écosystème développée sous l’empire de la Convention sur la diversité biologique (ci-après « CDB ») dont les objectifs sont la conservation, l’utilisation durable de la biodiversité et le partage juste et équitable des avantages découlant de l’utilisation des ressources naturelles sert de base à cette proposition de révision des directives de la Convention PCI. L’approche permet de gérer des écosystèmes considérés comme des réseaux de vie dont les Hommes et la diversité culturelle sont un élément à part entière. The international community is trying to fight the current pattern of biodiversity erosion. In recent years, local and indigenous communities have been recognized as models in the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity. Some of them have been recreating, expressing and transmitting knowledge and natural resources management practices for centuries. In 2003, the Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage (hereinafter “ICH Convention”) was adopted in order to preserve this heritage, which is also on the verge of disappearing due to acculturation, globalization, deforestation, etc. Despite the interdependent relationship which characterizes certain elements of intangible cultural heritage (hereinafter “ICH”) with the natural material elements associated to it, the Convention does not guide its Parties towards the recognition and preservation of this unique relationship. More specifically, it does not guide them towards the conservation and sustainable use of the elements of biodiversity that are necessary to the safeguarding of ICH (considered as a network of life). This is why, some might question the capacity of the ICH Convention to safeguard ICH associated with biodiversity? At a time when species and tradition knowledge and practices are going extinct, it is essential to refine the implementation of the Convention by a revision of its Operational Directives responsible for specifying the commitments of the Parties – and which are regularly amended by the Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of ICH and the General Assemble of State Parties to the Convention – towards a better suited safeguarding of ICH associated with biodiversity. The ecosystem approach developed for the implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity (hereinafter “CBD”) – whose objectives are the conservation, sustainable use of biodiversity and the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits obtained from the use of natural resources – is the basis for this proposal to revise the Operation Directives of the ICH Convention. This approach allows the sustainable management of ecosystems considered as being networks of life including humans and their biodiversity.

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    https://doi.org/10.2307/jj.876...
    Part of book or chapter of book . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    https://doi.org/10.1515/978276...
    Part of book or chapter of book . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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  • Authors: Malbos, Lucie;

    While studies on port or landing sites of Northern Europe have been profoundly renewed in the last two decades thanks to archaeological discoveries, we intend to propose a general view of research on the 7th-11th century. The main aim is to suggest possible benchmarks or at least to put the Breton background into perspective with the coastal societies of Northern Europe, to raise some issues and to consider preliminary thinking on the Atlantic coast, which is the forgotten area on the matter. After a presentation of the new kind of ports appeared in the 7th-8th centuries on the coasts of the Northern seas, we will see that both their rise and then their gradual disappearance from the second half of the 9th century match with important changes, particularly economic ones.; Alors que les études concernant les sites portuaires ou d’accostage d’Europe du Nord ont été profondément renouvelées depuis une vingtaine d’années par les découvertes archéologiques, il s’agit de proposer un bilan de la recherche pour la période allant du viie au xie siècle. L’objectif est de permettre d’éventuels points de comparaison, ou du moins une mise en perspective du contexte breton avec les sociétés littorales du Nord de l’Europe, de soulever certaines questions et d’envisager quelques premières pistes de réflexion pour la façade Atlantique, parent pauvre des études en la matière. Après une présentation des ports d’un genre nouveau apparus aux viie et viiie siècle sur les littoraux des mers nordiques, on verra que leur développement de même que leur progressif effacement à partir de la seconde moitié du ixe correspondent à d’importantes mutations, notamment au plan économique.

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  • Authors: Gelin, Mathilde;

    En se fondant sur les propriétés des argiles au contact de l'eau (en particulier, le gonflement), nous décrivons comment les vestiges archéologiques mis au jour lors des fouilles peuvent être impactés par les réactions des argiles. Celles-ci, bonnes ou mauvaises pour l'architecture de terre crue, prennent de nombreuses apparences et peuvent fournir des indications pour les besoins de sa préservation. Des exemples sont pris sur des sites archéologiques (Doura-Europos, Faïlaka), décrivant les effets sur les maçonneries, que nous tentons d'expliquer à travers les réactions des argiles. Des suggestions sont données pour le choix des matériaux et des pratiques de préservation (exemples à Doura-Europos, Hégra). Il est intéressant de noter que, durant l'Antiquité « classique », les anciens bâtisseurs avaient une bonne connaissance de la terre crue et qu'ils pouvaient facilement l'utiliser. Insisting on properties of clays when in contact with water (especially the expansion), we describe how archaeological vestiges uncovered in excavations can be impacted by the reactions of clays. These, whether good or bad for earthen architecture, take numerous appearances and can provide indications for the requirements of its conservation. Examples are taken from archaeological sites (Dura-Europos, Failaka), describing the effects on masonries, that we attempt to explain through the reactions of clays. Suggestions are given for the choice of materials and conservation practices (examples from Dura-Europos, Hegra). It is interesting to note that, during ‘Classical’ Antiquity, the ancient builders had a good knowledge of earth and were highly proficient in its use. International audience

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    HAL Paris Nanterre
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  • Authors: Arben Hajdari; Christophe J. Goddard;

    Les hommages à l'énigmatique dea Dard(…) manifestent une volonté typiquementromaine de signaler son respect d’une divinité locale, dans le cadre du contrôle dezones isolées mais stratégiques au cœur de la région illyrienne et de la province deMésie supérieure. Ces actes de piété traduisent une volonté des autorités romaines deconduire une action diplomatique auprès des populations locales, particulièrement auxabords des stationes parfois fort éloignées des légions et des officia dont ellesconstituaient un détachement. Ces dédicaces ne sauraient en tous les cas êtreconsidérées comme les preuves irréfutables de la résistance d’une identitédardanienne face à l’ordre romain. Elles laissent entendre bien-entendu que le culte deces divinités locales dont le nom nous échappe, avait survécu au cœur de la provincede Mésie supérieure. Le paradoxe tient au fait que nous connaissons mieux l’existencede ces divinités locales grâce aux hommages de militaires romains The tributes to the enigmatic dea Dard(...) show a typically Roman desire to signal one's respectfor a local deity, within the framework of the control of isolated but strategic areas in the heartof the Illyrian region and the province of Moesia superioris. These acts of piety reflect the desireon the part of the Roman authorities to carry out diplomatic action with the local population,particularly in the vicinity of the stationes, often away from the legions and officia of whichthey were a detachment. In any case, these dedications cannot be considered as irrefutable proofof the resistance of a Dardanian identity to the Roman order. They do, of course, suggest thatthe cult of these local and enigmatic deities had survived in the heart of the province of Moesiasuperioris. The paradox lies in the fact that we know more about the existence of these localdeities thanks to the tributes of Roman soldiers, even if their names remain unknown.

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    Authors: Petit, Emmanuel; Vanfasse, Nathalie;

    International audience; Hope is a fundamental emotion that reflects a state of mind, determines our attitude towards the future, our handling of uncertainty, and conditions our actions and decisions. Rational economic approaches have paid relatively little attention to this emotion. Some economists, however, encourage the inclusion of hope in economic analysis. By working on the links between literature and economics, this paper seeks to determine what a dialogue between literature and economics might contribute to both the understanding of hope within economic analysis, and to the interpretation of Dickens’s novel from this perspective. We propose to explore a Dickensian novel that focuses on hope, namely Great Expectations (1861). What is striking is that he first expresses aspirations and anticipations of a very rational kind, similar to those studied by later standard economic theory. The novel however stresses their shortcomings, and gradually moves toward a more complex definition of an economic hope, more spiritual and philosophical by nature, and closer to what economists are developing today in the face of the very uncertain future that lies ahead of us.; L’approche économique rationnelle s’est relativement peu intéressée à l’espoir, émotion fondamentale qui reflète un état d’esprit, détermine notre attitude par rapport à l’avenir, notre gestion de l’incertitude, et conditionne nos actions et nos décisions. Certains économistes encouragent toutefois à intégrer l’espoir à l’analyse économique. Dans cet article, nous chercherons à déterminer ce qu’un dialogue entre la littérature et l’économie pourrait apporter à la fois à la compréhension de l’espoir, à l’analyse économique, et à l’interprétation du roman de Dickens. Nous nous proposons d’explorer un roman de Dickens centré sur l’espoir, à savoir De Grandes espérances (1861). Ce qui frappe à la lecture du roman c’est que Dickens explore et approfondit dans son roman la notion même d’espérances (expectations en anglais) au sens économique, en la déclinant de diverses manières et en étudiant les implications de ces différentes déclinaisons. Il part ainsi d’attentes, d’aspirations et d’anticipations de type très rationnel, très semblables à ce qu’étudiera plus tard la théorie économique standard, pour en souligner les limites et évoluer vers une définition plus complexe d’un espoir économique de nature plus spirituelle et philosophique, plus proche de ce que les économistes développent aujourd’hui face à l’avenir très incertain qui s’offre à nous.

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    Oskar Bordeaux
    Article . 2023
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      Oskar Bordeaux
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    Authors: Woytek, Bernhard; Blet-Lemarquand, Maryse;

    Cahier thématique. Hommages à Jean-Pierre Callu, Janvier 2016; International audience; This article is a thorough study of a scarce sub-type of the C. L. CAESARES denarii, RIC (2nd edition) Augustus 208, currently known from 26 specimens. These coins bear the well-known Augustan types and legends, but metallurgical analyses as well as observations on typological details make it clear that we are in fact dealing with an unsigned restoration issue, for which an attribution to the reign of Hadrian is proposed.; Cet article livre une étude complète d’un rare sous-type de deniers C. L. CAESARES, l’émission RIC (2e édition) Auguste 208, dont 26 exemplaires sont actuellement connus. Ces monnaies portent les types et les légendes augustéens bien connus mais des analyses métallurgiques ainsi que certains détails typologiques révèlent qu’il s’agit en fait d’une émission de restauration non signée que nous proposons d’attribuer au règne d’Hadrien.

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    ZENODO
    Article . 2023
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    ZENODO
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      ZENODO
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Cottegnies, Line;

    La réception de La Princesse de Clèves en Angleterre témoigne d’une rencontre manquée. Traduit de manière anonyme dès 1679, le roman ne rencontre pas le succès attendu. Certes, cette traduction est rééditée en 1688, mais la réception du roman est contrariée par le grand succès de l’adaptation théâtrale très libre qu’en donne le dramaturge Nathaniel Lee en 1680 au Queen’s Theatre, et dont le texte est publié en 1689. Adaptée spécifiquement au goût de la Restauration, la pièce ne reprend que quelques scènes-clés du roman, et, si le Prince et la Princesse de Clèves sont à peu près conformes à leurs modèles, le Duc de Nemours est représenté sous les traits d’un libertin, à l’image des roués (« rakes »), qui peuplaient les comédies londoniennes depuis les années 1660. Le roman passe ici clairement au second plan. Cette adaptation théâtrale semble avoir brouillé la perception de La Princesse de Clèves en Angleterre, en constituant un filtre à son appréciation. Ce n’est qu’au XVIIIe siècle, presque un demi-siècle plus tard, à l’heure de la sensibilité triomphante, que la fiction de Mme de Lafayette connaît un regain d’intêrêt en Angleterre. La Princesse de Clèves, retraduite en 1720, est alors intégrée dans plusieurs recueils de romans continentaux publiés au cours du siècle. Cet article revient sur les raisons de ce décalage dans la réception de La Princesse de Clèves, en étudiant ce moment de l’histoire littéraire anglaise, vers 1680, où les romans français sont traduits par brassées. Faut-il expliquer l’accueil relativement réservé rencontré par La Princesse de Clèves au XVIIe siècle comme procédant de la différence entre un goût anglais et un goût français ? On montrera que si le roman a très certainement pâti du brouillage créé par l’adaptation théâtrale de la pièce de 1680 ou 1681, il représentait aussi une forme de roman difficilement transposable en Angleterre en 1679. The reception of La Princesse of Clèves in England bears witness to a failed encounter. Anonymously translated in 1679, the novel did not meet with the expected success. Although the translation was republished in 1688, the novel's reception was thwarted by the great success of the very free theatrical adaptation given by the playwright Nathaniel Lee in 1680 at Queen's Theatre, the text of which was published in 1689. Adapted specifically to the tastes of the Restoration, the play takes up only a few key scenes from the novel, and while the Prince and Princess of Cleves are more or less true to their models, the Duke of Nemours is portrayed as a libertine, in line with the “rakes” who had populated London comedies since the 1660s. This theatrical adaptation seems to have blurred the perception of the French novel in England, acting as a filter for its appreciation. It was not until the eighteenth century, almost half a century later, at a time when novels of sensibility became fashionable, that Mme de Lafayette's fiction enjoyed renewed interest in England. The Princess of Cleves, retranslated in 1720, was then included in several collections of continental novels published over the course of the century. This article looks at the reasons for this gap in the reception of La Princesse de Clèves, by studying the moment in English literary history, around 1680, when French novels were translated by the dozens. Should we explain the relatively lukewarm reception of La Princesse of Clèves in the seventeenth century as a result of the difference between English and French tastes? This article shows that while the novel certainly suffered from the confusion created by the theatrical adaptation of the play in 1680 or 1681, it also represented a form of novel that was difficult to transpose to England in 1679.

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    OpenEdition
    Article . 2024
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    Etudes Epistémè
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      OpenEdition
      Article . 2024
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      Etudes Epistémè
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Fernández Vicente, María José;

    Este trabajo busca analizar las emociones que acompañaron los procesos identitarios de los españoles instalados en Francia. Se tratará así de entender en qué medida y de qué manera los afectos y sensibilidades de estos emigrantes influyeron, no solamente en la manera en la que estos construyeron su identidad de español expatriado sino en cómo estos (re)pensaron sus estrategias migratorias durante su estancia en el país vecino.

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    INVESTIGACIONES HISTÓRICAS ÉPOCA MODERNA Y CONTEMPORÁNEA
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Sol��rzano-Kraemer, M��nica M.; Bourdeau, Cl��ment; Rosse-Guillevic, Simon; Hammel, J��rg U.; +2 Authors

    Phorid flies are an abundant and diverse dipteran family in modern faunas, yet poorly represented in the fossil record. Here, we describe the first fossil species of the millipede parasitizing genus Myriophora, M. asiatica n. sp., and three new fossil species of the ant parasitizing genus Apocephalus, A. miocenus n. sp., A. dominicanus n. sp., and A. chiapanecus n. sp. discovered in Miocene amber deposits from China, Dominican Republic, and Mexico, respectively. Moreover, we add details on the species Apocephalus succineus Brown, previously described in Dominican amber, with the observation of a new specimen. We also include a dichotomous key for all Apocephalus species described in the fossil record. Palaeoworld x, S1871174X21000913 (1-17) (2021). doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2021.11.002 Published by Elsevier, Amsterdam [u.a.]

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    Palaeoworld
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      Palaeoworld
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Pouchain, Delphine; Petit, Emmanuel; Ballet, Jérôme;

    L’analyse économique expérimentale et comportementale a mis en évidence le rôle ambivalent de la colère. Trop intense, mal canalisée, la colère est à la source de représailles et conduit au blocage de l’échange. Il existe cependant un seuil d’intensité de la colère pour lequel celle-ci est rationnelle et utile pour celui qui l’exprime. La colère conduit notamment celui qui en est l’objet à adopter des comportements plus respectueux et plus justes. La théorie des émotions du philosophe américain John Dewey interroge la portée et l’efficacité d’une émotion au regard de sa qualité et de son intensité. En nous appuyant sur sa démarche, la question que nous posons ici est de savoir à quelles conditions la colère peut être une émotion susceptible d’être convertie en une action (individuelle et collective) au service de la lutte contre le réchauffement climatique. Il s’agit donc d’analyser le potentiel de la colère dans la mitigation du climat, en montrant qu’il dépend en grande partie, comme le suggère l’approche pragmatiste, de la qualité d’expression de cette émotion et de son intensité. Experimental and behavioural economic analysis has highlighted the ambivalent role of anger. If anger is too intense and poorly channelled, it can lead to retaliation and the blocking of exchanges. However, there is a threshold of intensity for anger at which it is rational and useful for the person who expresses it. In particular, anger leads the person who is the object of it to adopt more respectful and fair behaviour. The theory of emotions of the American philosopher John Dewey questions the scope and effectiveness of an emotion in terms of its quality and intensity. Based on his approach, the question we ask in this article is to know under what conditions anger can be an emotion that can be converted into an individual and collective action to fight global warming. The aim is therefore to analyse the potential of anger in climate mitigation. We show that this potential depends to a large extent, as the pragmatist approach suggests, on the quality of expression of this emotion and its intensity.

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    Oskar Bordeaux
    Article . 2023
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    Œconomia
    Article . 2023
    Data sources: DOAJ
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    OpenEdition
    Article . 2023
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    Œconomia
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      Œconomia
      Article . 2023
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      OpenEdition
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      Œconomia
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Huleux, François;

    La diversité biologique connaît un schéma d'érosion face auquel la communauté internationale tente de lutter. Depuis quelques années, les communautés locales et autochtones sont reconnues comme un modèle de conservation et d'utilisation durable de cette diversité. Elles recréent, expriment et transmettent des connaissances et pratiques de gestion des ressources naturelles depuis des temps immémoriaux pour certaines. En 2003, la Convention pour la sauvegarde du patrimoine culturel immatériel (ci-après « Convention PCI ») est adoptée afin de préserver ce patrimoine qui est lui aussi sur le point de disparaître en raison de l'acculturation, la mondialisation, la déforestation, etc. Malgré la relation d’interdépendance qui caractérise certains éléments du patrimoine culturel immatériel (ci-après « PCI ») avec les éléments matériels naturels auxquels ils sont associés, la Convention ne guide pas ses Parties vers la reconnaissance et préservation de cette relation. Plus précisément, elle ne guide pas ses Parties vers la conservation et l’utilisation durable de l’ensemble des éléments de la biodiversité nécessaires à la sauvegarde du PCI (réseau de vie). C’est pourquoi, certains pourraient s’interroger sur la capacité de la Convention PCI à sauvegarder le PCI associé à la biodiversité ? A l’heure de l’extinction des espèces et de la raréfaction des connaissances et pratiques « traditionnelles », il apparaît primordial de faire évoluer la mise en œuvre de la Convention par une révision de ses Directives opérationnelles chargées de préciser les engagements des Parties et régulièrement amendées par le Comité intergouvernemental de sauvegarde du PCI et l’Assemblé générale des États parties à la Convention vers une sauvegarde mieux adaptée au PCI associé à la biodiversité. L’approche par écosystème développée sous l’empire de la Convention sur la diversité biologique (ci-après « CDB ») dont les objectifs sont la conservation, l’utilisation durable de la biodiversité et le partage juste et équitable des avantages découlant de l’utilisation des ressources naturelles sert de base à cette proposition de révision des directives de la Convention PCI. L’approche permet de gérer des écosystèmes considérés comme des réseaux de vie dont les Hommes et la diversité culturelle sont un élément à part entière. The international community is trying to fight the current pattern of biodiversity erosion. In recent years, local and indigenous communities have been recognized as models in the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity. Some of them have been recreating, expressing and transmitting knowledge and natural resources management practices for centuries. In 2003, the Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage (hereinafter “ICH Convention”) was adopted in order to preserve this heritage, which is also on the verge of disappearing due to acculturation, globalization, deforestation, etc. Despite the interdependent relationship which characterizes certain elements of intangible cultural heritage (hereinafter “ICH”) with the natural material elements associated to it, the Convention does not guide its Parties towards the recognition and preservation of this unique relationship. More specifically, it does not guide them towards the conservation and sustainable use of the elements of biodiversity that are necessary to the safeguarding of ICH (considered as a network of life). This is why, some might question the capacity of the ICH Convention to safeguard ICH associated with biodiversity? At a time when species and tradition knowledge and practices are going extinct, it is essential to refine the implementation of the Convention by a revision of its Operational Directives responsible for specifying the commitments of the Parties – and which are regularly amended by the Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of ICH and the General Assemble of State Parties to the Convention – towards a better suited safeguarding of ICH associated with biodiversity. The ecosystem approach developed for the implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity (hereinafter “CBD”) – whose objectives are the conservation, sustainable use of biodiversity and the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits obtained from the use of natural resources – is the basis for this proposal to revise the Operation Directives of the ICH Convention. This approach allows the sustainable management of ecosystems considered as being networks of life including humans and their biodiversity.

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    https://doi.org/10.2307/jj.876...
    Part of book or chapter of book . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    https://doi.org/10.1515/978276...
    Part of book or chapter of book . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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  • Authors: Malbos, Lucie;

    While studies on port or landing sites of Northern Europe have been profoundly renewed in the last two decades thanks to archaeological discoveries, we intend to propose a general view of research on the 7th-11th century. The main aim is to suggest possible benchmarks or at least to put the Breton background into perspective with the coastal societies of Northern Europe, to raise some issues and to consider preliminary thinking on the Atlantic coast, which is the forgotten area on the matter. After a presentation of the new kind of ports appeared in the 7th-8th centuries on the coasts of the Northern seas, we will see that both their rise and then their gradual disappearance from the second half of the 9th century match with important changes, particularly economic ones.; Alors que les études concernant les sites portuaires ou d’accostage d’Europe du Nord ont été profondément renouvelées depuis une vingtaine d’années par les découvertes archéologiques, il s’agit de proposer un bilan de la recherche pour la période allant du viie au xie siècle. L’objectif est de permettre d’éventuels points de comparaison, ou du moins une mise en perspective du contexte breton avec les sociétés littorales du Nord de l’Europe, de soulever certaines questions et d’envisager quelques premières pistes de réflexion pour la façade Atlantique, parent pauvre des études en la matière. Après une présentation des ports d’un genre nouveau apparus aux viie et viiie siècle sur les littoraux des mers nordiques, on verra que leur développement de même que leur progressif effacement à partir de la seconde moitié du ixe correspondent à d’importantes mutations, notamment au plan économique.

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  • Authors: Gelin, Mathilde;

    En se fondant sur les propriétés des argiles au contact de l'eau (en particulier, le gonflement), nous décrivons comment les vestiges archéologiques mis au jour lors des fouilles peuvent être impactés par les réactions des argiles. Celles-ci, bonnes ou mauvaises pour l'architecture de terre crue, prennent de nombreuses apparences et peuvent fournir des indications pour les besoins de sa préservation. Des exemples sont pris sur des sites archéologiques (Doura-Europos, Faïlaka), décrivant les effets sur les maçonneries, que nous tentons d'expliquer à travers les réactions des argiles. Des suggestions sont données pour le choix des matériaux et des pratiques de préservation (exemples à Doura-Europos, Hégra). Il est intéressant de noter que, durant l'Antiquité « classique », les anciens bâtisseurs avaient une bonne connaissance de la terre crue et qu'ils pouvaient facilement l'utiliser. Insisting on properties of clays when in contact with water (especially the expansion), we describe how archaeological vestiges uncovered in excavations can be impacted by the reactions of clays. These, whether good or bad for earthen architecture, take numerous appearances and can provide indications for the requirements of its conservation. Examples are taken from archaeological sites (Dura-Europos, Failaka), describing the effects on masonries, that we attempt to explain through the reactions of clays. Suggestions are given for the choice of materials and conservation practices (examples from Dura-Europos, Hegra). It is interesting to note that, during ‘Classical’ Antiquity, the ancient builders had a good knowledge of earth and were highly proficient in its use. International audience

    Hyper Article en Lig...arrow_drop_down
    HAL Paris Nanterre
    Part of book or chapter of book . 2023
    License: CC BY NC ND
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    https://doi.org/10.2307/jj.691...
    Part of book or chapter of book . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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  • Authors: Arben Hajdari; Christophe J. Goddard;

    Les hommages à l'énigmatique dea Dard(…) manifestent une volonté typiquementromaine de signaler son respect d’une divinité locale, dans le cadre du contrôle dezones isolées mais stratégiques au cœur de la région illyrienne et de la province deMésie supérieure. Ces actes de piété traduisent une volonté des autorités romaines deconduire une action diplomatique auprès des populations locales, particulièrement auxabords des stationes parfois fort éloignées des légions et des officia dont ellesconstituaient un détachement. Ces dédicaces ne sauraient en tous les cas êtreconsidérées comme les preuves irréfutables de la résistance d’une identitédardanienne face à l’ordre romain. Elles laissent entendre bien-entendu que le culte deces divinités locales dont le nom nous échappe, avait survécu au cœur de la provincede Mésie supérieure. Le paradoxe tient au fait que nous connaissons mieux l’existencede ces divinités locales grâce aux hommages de militaires romains The tributes to the enigmatic dea Dard(...) show a typically Roman desire to signal one's respectfor a local deity, within the framework of the control of isolated but strategic areas in the heartof the Illyrian region and the province of Moesia superioris. These acts of piety reflect the desireon the part of the Roman authorities to carry out diplomatic action with the local population,particularly in the vicinity of the stationes, often away from the legions and officia of whichthey were a detachment. In any case, these dedications cannot be considered as irrefutable proofof the resistance of a Dardanian identity to the Roman order. They do, of course, suggest thatthe cult of these local and enigmatic deities had survived in the heart of the province of Moesiasuperioris. The paradox lies in the fact that we know more about the existence of these localdeities thanks to the tributes of Roman soldiers, even if their names remain unknown.

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    Authors: Petit, Emmanuel; Vanfasse, Nathalie;

    International audience; Hope is a fundamental emotion that reflects a state of mind, determines our attitude towards the future, our handling of uncertainty, and conditions our actions and decisions. Rational economic approaches have paid relatively little attention to this emotion. Some economists, however, encourage the inclusion of hope in economic analysis. By working on the links between literature and economics, this paper seeks to determine what a dialogue between literature and economics might contribute to both the understanding of hope within economic analysis, and to the interpretation of Dickens’s novel from this perspective. We propose to explore a Dickensian novel that focuses on hope, namely Great Expectations (1861). What is striking is that he first expresses aspirations and anticipations of a very rational kind, similar to those studied by later standard economic theory. The novel however stresses their shortcomings, and gradually moves toward a more complex definition of an economic hope, more spiritual and philosophical by nature, and closer to what economists are developing today in the face of the very uncertain future that lies ahead of us.; L’approche économique rationnelle s’est relativement peu intéressée à l’espoir, émotion fondamentale qui reflète un état d’esprit, détermine notre attitude par rapport à l’avenir, notre gestion de l’incertitude, et conditionne nos actions et nos décisions. Certains économistes encouragent toutefois à intégrer l’espoir à l’analyse économique. Dans cet article, nous chercherons à déterminer ce qu’un dialogue entre la littérature et l’économie pourrait apporter à la fois à la compréhension de l’espoir, à l’analyse économique, et à l’interprétation du roman de Dickens. Nous nous proposons d’explorer un roman de Dickens centré sur l’espoir, à savoir De Grandes espérances (1861). Ce qui frappe à la lecture du roman c’est que Dickens explore et approfondit dans son roman la notion même d’espérances (expectations en anglais) au sens économique, en la déclinant de diverses manières et en étudiant les implications de ces différentes déclinaisons. Il part ainsi d’attentes, d’aspirations et d’anticipations de type très rationnel, très semblables à ce qu’étudiera plus tard la théorie économique standard, pour en souligner les limites et évoluer vers une définition plus complexe d’un espoir économique de nature plus spirituelle et philosophique, plus proche de ce que les économistes développent aujourd’hui face à l’avenir très incertain qui s’offre à nous.

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    Oskar Bordeaux
    Article . 2023
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    Authors: Woytek, Bernhard; Blet-Lemarquand, Maryse;

    Cahier thématique. Hommages à Jean-Pierre Callu, Janvier 2016; International audience; This article is a thorough study of a scarce sub-type of the C. L. CAESARES denarii, RIC (2nd edition) Augustus 208, currently known from 26 specimens. These coins bear the well-known Augustan types and legends, but metallurgical analyses as well as observations on typological details make it clear that we are in fact dealing with an unsigned restoration issue, for which an attribution to the reign of Hadrian is proposed.; Cet article livre une étude complète d’un rare sous-type de deniers C. L. CAESARES, l’émission RIC (2e édition) Auguste 208, dont 26 exemplaires sont actuellement connus. Ces monnaies portent les types et les légendes augustéens bien connus mais des analyses métallurgiques ainsi que certains détails typologiques révèlent qu’il s’agit en fait d’une émission de restauration non signée que nous proposons d’attribuer au règne d’Hadrien.

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    ZENODO
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