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This submission contains data and R-code that enable to reproduce the data manipulations and analyses in the paper “Why are population growth rate estimates of past and present hunter-gatherers so different?” by Miikka Tallavaara and Erlend Kirkeng Jørgensen (Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society B). Please, cite the paper and this Zenodo repository if you use the files included in this Zenodo record in your work. The submission includes a html-file titled “Why are population growth rate estimates of past and present hunter-gatherers so different? - Data analyses” (TJ2020.html) that contains R-code and instructions and comments for running the code (open this file in your browser). In addition, the submission includes Rdata-file (dataTJ2020.Rdata) containing all the data that are not created within the code and pure R-code (TJ2020.R).

A public participatory GIS -survey dataset detailing public understandings of and attitudes towards carbon-smart urban green infrastructure in Kumpula, Helsinki, Finland. This dataset was funded by the Strategic Research Council, Academy of Finland through the CO-CARBON project (project number: 335203).

Supplementary Tables in excel-format describing the detailed results of GLM models for each measurand.

The role of geological events and Pleistocene climatic fluctuations as drivers of current patterns of genetic variation in extant species has been a topic of continued interest among evolutionary biologists. Nevertheless, comprehensive studies of widely distributed species are still rare, especially from Asia. Using geographically extensive sampling of many individuals and a large number of nuclear single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), we studied the phylogeography and historical demography of Hyla annectans populations in southern China. Thirty-five sampled populations were grouped into seven clearly defined genetic clusters that closely match phenotype-based subspecies classification. These lineages diverged 2.32–5.23 million years ago, a timing that closely aligns with the rapid and drastic uplifting of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and adjacent southwest China. Demographic analyses and species distribution models indicate that different populations of this species have responded differently to past climatic changes. In the Hengduan Mountains, most populations experienced a bottleneck, whereas the populations located outside of the Hengduan Mountains have gradually declined in size since the end of the last glaciation. In addition, the levels of phenotypic and genetic divergence were strongly correlated across major clades. These results highlight the combined effects of geological events and past climatic fluctuations, as well as natural selection, as drivers of contemporary patterns of genetic and phenotypic variation in a widely distributed anuran in Asia. 'SNP_data_for_H.annectans' is the SNP data for Hyla annectans in vcf formats. Which is used for the phylogeney tree, genetic structure, genetic differentiation, demographic analyses. 'Morphological_data_info' are the statistic data of snout-vent length (SVL), weight and spots numbers used for morphological analyses and QST-FST comparison. 'SDM_input_ascii' are the SDM ascii files used for SDMs. 'SDM_locality_info' are the occurrence data points of five genetic clusters for the H. annectans.

Supplementary Tables in excel-format describing the AIC model selection process for each measurand in GLM analyses.