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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Wickberg, Adam; Lidström, Susanna; Lagerkvist, Amanda; Meyer, Tirza; +4 Authors

    Over the past half century, the global environment has become subject to an accelerated pace of mediation and datafication. This ongoing transition has become so comprehensive that the knowledge, management and governance of the Earth system is dependent on enormous flows of data from a “vast machine” of measuring tools. These processes combined have formed what we call a “mediated planet,” subject to interpretation and shared human decision-making – that should ideally be democratic, inclusive and accountable. As environmental datafication continues to accelerate, private corporations are gaining increasing influence on and power over the associated collections of data. This is a cause for concern, as the global environmental commons are a public interest of concern to all people. This article argues for the need to critically research the challenges and risks associated with the rapid datafication of the environment, specifically in relation to the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for climate change (13), the ocean (14), biodiversity (15) and inclusive and accountable institutions (16). More knowledge is needed of how the SDGs and their supporting networks influence data-generation on a mediated planet, and how issues of access to and use of environmental data, as well as data ownership and AI implementation, can best be navigated. We contend that such knowledge can help enhance the democratic potential of the SDGs to build public trust and secure broad participation in global environmental governance in ways that also support peaceful and inclusive societies, as promised by SDG 16. QC 20240115

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Environmental Scienc...arrow_drop_down
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    Environmental Science & Policy
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Environmental Scienc...arrow_drop_down
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      Environmental Science & Policy
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Mengjie Han; Ilkim Canli; Juveria Shah; Xingxing Zhang; +2 Authors

    The concept of a Positive Energy District (PED) has become a vital component of the efforts to accelerate the transition to zero carbon emissions and climate-neutral living environments. Research is shifting its focus from energy-efficient single buildings to districts, where the aim is to achieve a positive energy balance across a given time period. Various innovation projects, programs, and activities have produced abundant insights into how to implement and operate PEDs. However, there is still no agreed way of determining what constitutes a PED for the purpose of identifying and evaluating its various elements. This paper thus sets out to create a process for characterizing PEDs. First, nineteen different elements of a PED were identified. Then, two AI techniques, machine learning (ML) and natural language processing (NLP), were introduced and examined to determine their potential for modeling, extracting, and mapping the elements of a PED. Lastly, state-of-the-art research papers were reviewed to identify any contribution they can make to the determination of the effectiveness of the ML and NLP models. The results suggest that both ML and NLP possess significant potential for modeling most of the identified elements in various areas, such as optimization, control, design, and stakeholder mapping. This potential is realized through the utilization of vast amounts of data, enabling these models to generate accurate and useful insights for PED planning and implementation. Several practical strategies have been identified to enhance the characterization of PEDs. These include a clear definition and quantification of the elements, the utilization of urban-scale energy modeling techniques, and the development of user-friendly interfaces capable of presenting model insights in an accessible manner. Thus, developing a holistic approach that integrates existing and novel techniques for PED characterization is essential to achieve sustainable and resilient urban environments.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Buildingsarrow_drop_down
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    Buildings
    Article . 2024
    Data sources: DOAJ
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Buildings
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Buildingsarrow_drop_down
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      Buildings
      Article . 2024
      Data sources: DOAJ
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Buildings
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Håkan Rylander; Anders Lagerkvist;

    Waste management has been developing in response to needs. The need to get rid of unwanted materials has always been a motivation but using the resource value of waste has also been a driver from the stone age and forwards. In affluent times not so much. Sanitation became a motivation with the discovery of pathogenic microorganisms in the mid-19th century, and after World War 2 (WW2) a strong focus on environmental protection developed, and in recent times, the resource aspect has received an interest despite material affluence. Legislation has been one of the drivers for recent developments, in the case of Sweden, the environmental protection legislation came in the late 1960s, and a few years later, the municipalities got the exclusive right to collect and manage household waste. Many local and regional waste management companies were established, owned by the municipalities. These organizations became agents of development, due to the increased scope and capacity. Adding to the environmental protection agenda, a renewed interest in waste as a resource was initiated by the oil crises of the 1970s, resulting in new waste incineration plants, with energy recovery, connected to already existing district heating networks. Mistakes, failures and alarms in the 1970s and the 1980s resulted in treatment method improvements and the establishment of source separation as an integral part of waste management. The waste management community stands strong today and is taking a more proactive role than before, which includes a stronger focus on communication with other stakeholders. Full text: CC BY License

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Waste Management & R...arrow_drop_down
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    Waste Management & Research
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Waste Management & R...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Waste Management & Research
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Ağbaht, Mahmut; Greve, Martin;

    Abstract The fann is a genre of oral poetry in the vernacular Arabic of the Alawi community in the Antioch/Hatay province of Turkey. Until recently, it has hardly been mentioned in academic literature. Poetic form and rhythm structure are largely fixed in this genre and it is almost always performed in a similar way; when it comes to the quality of the voice, including a more or less clear melodic shape, there is more left up to the performer. During performances, the rhythmical element dominates the essence of melodic aspects. A preliminary comparison with related genres in the region demonstrates that both the form and performance practice of fann resemble genres in neighbouring Arab countries. Comparison also finds that there is hardly any connection with any Turkish and Kurdish singer-poem tradition as practised in nearby regions. Only recent changes indicate influences from contemporary Turkish music.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Publikationer från U...arrow_drop_down
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Journal of Semitic Studies
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY NC ND
    Data sources: Crossref
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Publikationer från U...arrow_drop_down
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      Journal of Semitic Studies
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY NC ND
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Mohammadi Norén, Fredrik; Jarlbrink, Johan;

    What a politician says in the parliament is not always what gets printed. In turning spoken words into printed records, the language changes, often towards formalization. The stenographers play a key role in this linguistic transformation. Their job is to align oral speeches with linguistic norms and parliamentary nomenclature. In this context, the formulaic trumps the personal. In our paper, we target these formulaic transformations, which we call the stenographic bias. Our analytical work is guided by the following research questions: In what ways are the printed records shaped by the stenographic bias? And what mechanisms are part of shaping this bias? The paper is empirically based on stenographic guidelines defining language norms and procedural rules, primarily from the 1980s and 2020s, as well as supplemented parliamentary material. To study the formulaic language over time and how language norms and rules affected the printed debate records on the aggregated level, we make use of a recent annotated dataset of Swedish parliamentary speeches from 1920 to 2020. By combining close reading and distant reading we aim to identify and discuss cases and phrases that shed light on the way stenographic norms and procedures have influenced parliamentarians’ speeches as they are recorded in the protocols.

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    ZENODO
    Conference object . 2024
    License: CC BY
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    ZENODO
    Article . 2024
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Datacite
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    Authors: Priebe, Janina; Wormbs, Nina;

    Introduction to a special issue Introduction to special issue.

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    https://doi.org/10.48202/25819...
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Publikationer från U...arrow_drop_down
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      https://doi.org/10.48202/25819...
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: M. L. Vickers; M. T. Jones; M. T. Jones; J. Longman; +9 Authors

    The International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 396 to the mid-Norwegian margin recovered > 1300 m of pristinely preserved, volcanic-ash-rich sediments deposited during the late Paleocene and early Eocene from close to the centre of the North Atlantic Igneous Province (NAIP). Remarkably, many of these cores contain glendonites, pseudomorphs after the purported cold-water mineral ikaite, from sediments dated to the late Paleocene and early Eocene. These time intervals span some of the hottest climates of the Cenozoic, including the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM). Global deep-ocean temperatures are not thought to have dropped below 10 ∘C at any point during this time, making the occurrence of supposedly cold-water (near-freezing temperature) glendonite pseudomorphs seemingly paradoxical. This study presents a detailed sedimentological, geochemical, and microscopic study of the IODP Exp. 396 glendonites and presents an updated model for the ikaite-to-calcite transformation for these glendonites. Specifically, we show that early diagenesis of basaltic ashes of the NAIP appear to have chemically promoted ikaite growth in the sediments in this region. Together with existing knowledge of late Paleocene and early Eocene glendonites from Svalbard to the north and early Eocene glendonites from Denmark to the south, these new glendonite finds possibly imply episodic, short-duration, and likely localized cooling in the Nordic Seas region, which may have been directly or indirectly linked to the emplacement of the NAIP.

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    Climate of the Past
    Article . 2024
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    Climate of the Past (CP)
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      Climate of the Past
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      Climate of the Past (CP)
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    Authors: Bertilsson, Filip;

    Denna uppsats syftar till att granska Klarälvens översvämning våren 1916 och dess ekonomiskakonsekvenser, med fokus på Karlstads stad. Forskningen kommer att inriktas på att svara på följandefrågeställningar:Varför var översvämningen våren 1916 så allvarlig?På vilket sätt påverkades befolkningen av översvämningen våren 1916?Hur agerade drätselkammaren och stadsfullmäktige under översvämningen våren 1916?Genom att studera handlingar från både Karlstads drätselkammare och stadsfullmäktige mellan åren1916–1918 gick det att utläsa hur allvarlig situationen egentligen var samt vilka åtgärder som gjordes avämbetsmännen för att lösa situationen och ta hand om sina medborgare.Översvämningen våren 1916 var inte begränsad till en lokal händelse vid Klarälven och Karlstad utanpåverkade flera områden i Sverige. Tre huvudfaktorer bidrog till att översvämningen blev allvarlig: Enovanligt snörik vinter, snabb smältning av snön på grund av stigande temperaturer i slutet av april ochkraftiga regnfall i maj.Översvämningen fick betydande konsekvenser för befolkningen. Den förstörde hem, gårdar, värdesaker,vägar och broar. Jordbruksmark dränktes, och människor tvingades lämna sina hem. Beräknade skadorför befolkningen i Karlstad, Torsby och Hagfors uppgick lågt räknat till 265 000 kronor, vilket var enbetydande summa på den tiden. Befolkningen vände sig till de lokala myndigheterna för hjälp.Undersökningen visar att Karlstads drätselkammare och stadsfullmäktige agerade ansvarsfullt för attbistå de hårt drabbade. Ersättningar betalades ut eftersom det ansågs att de drabbade inte kunde hållasansvariga för förlusterna och staden skulle stödja dem i nöden. Prioritet gavs till utbetalningar tillobemedlade och mindre bemedlade. Stadsfullmäktige utfärdade ytterligare ersättningar efter att hagranskat ärenden. För att finansiera dessa betalningar sökte man ekonomiskt stöd från staten. 

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    Authors: Andersson, Jonathan;

    The purpose of the study was to investigate the work of the temperance board in Karlstad during the interwar period and the crisis years when the economic depression affected Sweden, specifically around the year 1930. The focus was on the years 1927–1932, aiming to demonstrate a change in temperance efforts in the city of Karlstad. The study is qualitative with quantitative elements, and data were collected in numerical form to present the statistical findings. The examination involved a careful review of the minutes of the Karlstad City Council found in the annual report of the temperance board. Content analysis was employed to process the material, and the study aimed to answer the following questions: How did public sobriety vary in Karlstad from 1927 to 1932, and to what extent did documented alcohol offenses occur among individuals under 25 during the study period? The source material was analyzed using Anthony Giddens' structuration theory, based on the perspective of change presented by Helena Eriksson in her thesis "Population, Society, and Change." In the analysis section of this study, it is evident how alcohol-related offenses changed, with a noticeable shift from 1927 to 1932, showing a clear decrease in the number of arrests for such offenses during these years. It is also observed that the number of cases processed by the temperance board significantly decreased in 1930, 1931, and 1932. This, in turn, contributed to a noticeable decrease in individuals under 25 years old being apprehended for drunkenness. Studiens syfte var att undersöka nykterhetsnämndens arbete i Karlstad vid mellankrigstiden och krisåren då den ekonomiska depressionen drabbade Sverige. Närmare bestämt åren omkring 1930. Fokuset låg därför på åren 1927–1932, detta för att kunna påvisa att en förändring skett i nykterhetsarbetet i Karlstads stad. Studien är kvalitativ med kvantitativa inslag och därför samlades data in i numerisk form för att sedan presentera det statistiska som framkommit. Undersökningen bygger på att noggrant granska Karlstads stadsfullmäktiges protokoll som återfinns i nykterhetsnämndens årsredovisning. En innehållsanalys användes för att behandla materialet och de frågeställningar som studien skulle besvara var följande: Hur varierade folknykterheten i Karlstad 1927–1932 samt vilken omfattning hade den dokumenterade dryckenskapen bland individer under 25 år under undersökningsperioden? Källmaterialet har analyserats med hjälp Anthony Giddens struktureringsteori utifrån det förändringsperspektiv som presenterades av Helena Eriksson i hennes avhandling Befolkning, samhälle och förändring. I analysdelen av denna studie framgår det hur fylleriförseelserna förändras och att en märkbar förändring skett från 1927 och fram till 1932 och att man tydligt kan se en minskning på antalet anhållna för fylleriförseelser mellan nämnda år. Man ser också att antalet ärenden som nykterhetsnämnden behandlat minskar avsevärt år 1930, 1931 och 1932. Detta bidrog i sin tur också till att en märkbar minskning skedde bland individer under 25 år anhållna för dryckenskap.

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    Authors: Ahlén, Paulina;

    Lidköping is a city with a long tradition of education. One of the educational institutions that has been part of the city's educational history is Lidköping Elementary School for Girls, which existed in the city between 1876–1936. The aim of this study is to investigate how the education staged societal norms about women as good mothers and housewives. This has been done by analyzing the school's annual reports from the academic years 1877–1878, 1901–1902, 1920–1921 och 1930–1931 for which the school subject’s needlework, home economics, mathematics and natural sciences were selected. For each academic year, each subject has been analyzed to find out the teaching content, as well as to gain an understanding of the amount of time allocated to each subject. In addition, the school's other activities and events has been analyzed, primarily from the last two school years in which gender-coded activities were discovered. A timetable from the 1906 Board of Supervisors for Secondary Schools has been used to contextualize the girls' school's instruction in mathematics and natural sciences. The material, which primarily consists of annual reports from the school, has been analyzed using Yvonne Hirdman's gender theory. The method employed in processing the material is primarily qualitative text analysis with elements of quantitative comparative method. Through analysis and interpretation of the material, various gender-related elements have emerged, making it clear that the girls were educated to work within the four walls of the home, or possibly for typical female occupations.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Wickberg, Adam; Lidström, Susanna; Lagerkvist, Amanda; Meyer, Tirza; +4 Authors

    Over the past half century, the global environment has become subject to an accelerated pace of mediation and datafication. This ongoing transition has become so comprehensive that the knowledge, management and governance of the Earth system is dependent on enormous flows of data from a “vast machine” of measuring tools. These processes combined have formed what we call a “mediated planet,” subject to interpretation and shared human decision-making – that should ideally be democratic, inclusive and accountable. As environmental datafication continues to accelerate, private corporations are gaining increasing influence on and power over the associated collections of data. This is a cause for concern, as the global environmental commons are a public interest of concern to all people. This article argues for the need to critically research the challenges and risks associated with the rapid datafication of the environment, specifically in relation to the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for climate change (13), the ocean (14), biodiversity (15) and inclusive and accountable institutions (16). More knowledge is needed of how the SDGs and their supporting networks influence data-generation on a mediated planet, and how issues of access to and use of environmental data, as well as data ownership and AI implementation, can best be navigated. We contend that such knowledge can help enhance the democratic potential of the SDGs to build public trust and secure broad participation in global environmental governance in ways that also support peaceful and inclusive societies, as promised by SDG 16. QC 20240115

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    Environmental Science & Policy
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
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      Environmental Science & Policy
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Mengjie Han; Ilkim Canli; Juveria Shah; Xingxing Zhang; +2 Authors

    The concept of a Positive Energy District (PED) has become a vital component of the efforts to accelerate the transition to zero carbon emissions and climate-neutral living environments. Research is shifting its focus from energy-efficient single buildings to districts, where the aim is to achieve a positive energy balance across a given time period. Various innovation projects, programs, and activities have produced abundant insights into how to implement and operate PEDs. However, there is still no agreed way of determining what constitutes a PED for the purpose of identifying and evaluating its various elements. This paper thus sets out to create a process for characterizing PEDs. First, nineteen different elements of a PED were identified. Then, two AI techniques, machine learning (ML) and natural language processing (NLP), were introduced and examined to determine their potential for modeling, extracting, and mapping the elements of a PED. Lastly, state-of-the-art research papers were reviewed to identify any contribution they can make to the determination of the effectiveness of the ML and NLP models. The results suggest that both ML and NLP possess significant potential for modeling most of the identified elements in various areas, such as optimization, control, design, and stakeholder mapping. This potential is realized through the utilization of vast amounts of data, enabling these models to generate accurate and useful insights for PED planning and implementation. Several practical strategies have been identified to enhance the characterization of PEDs. These include a clear definition and quantification of the elements, the utilization of urban-scale energy modeling techniques, and the development of user-friendly interfaces capable of presenting model insights in an accessible manner. Thus, developing a holistic approach that integrates existing and novel techniques for PED characterization is essential to achieve sustainable and resilient urban environments.

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    Buildings
    Article . 2024
    Data sources: DOAJ
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    Buildings
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      Buildings
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    Authors: Håkan Rylander; Anders Lagerkvist;

    Waste management has been developing in response to needs. The need to get rid of unwanted materials has always been a motivation but using the resource value of waste has also been a driver from the stone age and forwards. In affluent times not so much. Sanitation became a motivation with the discovery of pathogenic microorganisms in the mid-19th century, and after World War 2 (WW2) a strong focus on environmental protection developed, and in recent times, the resource aspect has received an interest despite material affluence. Legislation has been one of the drivers for recent developments, in the case of Sweden, the environmental protection legislation came in the late 1960s, and a few years later, the municipalities got the exclusive right to collect and manage household waste. Many local and regional waste management companies were established, owned by the municipalities. These organizations became agents of development, due to the increased scope and capacity. Adding to the environmental protection agenda, a renewed interest in waste as a resource was initiated by the oil crises of the 1970s, resulting in new waste incineration plants, with energy recovery, connected to already existing district heating networks. Mistakes, failures and alarms in the 1970s and the 1980s resulted in treatment method improvements and the establishment of source separation as an integral part of waste management. The waste management community stands strong today and is taking a more proactive role than before, which includes a stronger focus on communication with other stakeholders. Full text: CC BY License

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    Waste Management & Research
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      Waste Management & Research
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    Authors: Ağbaht, Mahmut; Greve, Martin;

    Abstract The fann is a genre of oral poetry in the vernacular Arabic of the Alawi community in the Antioch/Hatay province of Turkey. Until recently, it has hardly been mentioned in academic literature. Poetic form and rhythm structure are largely fixed in this genre and it is almost always performed in a similar way; when it comes to the quality of the voice, including a more or less clear melodic shape, there is more left up to the performer. During performances, the rhythmical element dominates the essence of melodic aspects. A preliminary comparison with related genres in the region demonstrates that both the form and performance practice of fann resemble genres in neighbouring Arab countries. Comparison also finds that there is hardly any connection with any Turkish and Kurdish singer-poem tradition as practised in nearby regions. Only recent changes indicate influences from contemporary Turkish music.

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    Journal of Semitic Studies
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      Journal of Semitic Studies
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Mohammadi Norén, Fredrik; Jarlbrink, Johan;

    What a politician says in the parliament is not always what gets printed. In turning spoken words into printed records, the language changes, often towards formalization. The stenographers play a key role in this linguistic transformation. Their job is to align oral speeches with linguistic norms and parliamentary nomenclature. In this context, the formulaic trumps the personal. In our paper, we target these formulaic transformations, which we call the stenographic bias. Our analytical work is guided by the following research questions: In what ways are the printed records shaped by the stenographic bias? And what mechanisms are part of shaping this bias? The paper is empirically based on stenographic guidelines defining language norms and procedural rules, primarily from the 1980s and 2020s, as well as supplemented parliamentary material. To study the formulaic language over time and how language norms and rules affected the printed debate records on the aggregated level, we make use of a recent annotated dataset of Swedish parliamentary speeches from 1920 to 2020. By combining close reading and distant reading we aim to identify and discuss cases and phrases that shed light on the way stenographic norms and procedures have influenced parliamentarians’ speeches as they are recorded in the protocols.

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    ZENODO
    Conference object . 2024
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    ZENODO
    Article . 2024
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    Data sources: Datacite
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      ZENODO
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    Authors: Priebe, Janina; Wormbs, Nina;

    Introduction to a special issue Introduction to special issue.

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    https://doi.org/10.48202/25819...
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      https://doi.org/10.48202/25819...
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: M. L. Vickers; M. T. Jones; M. T. Jones; J. Longman; +9 Authors

    The International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 396 to the mid-Norwegian margin recovered > 1300 m of pristinely preserved, volcanic-ash-rich sediments deposited during the late Paleocene and early Eocene from close to the centre of the North Atlantic Igneous Province (NAIP). Remarkably, many of these cores contain glendonites, pseudomorphs after the purported cold-water mineral ikaite, from sediments dated to the late Paleocene and early Eocene. These time intervals span some of the hottest climates of the Cenozoic, including the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM). Global deep-ocean temperatures are not thought to have dropped below 10 ∘C at any point during this time, making the occurrence of supposedly cold-water (near-freezing temperature) glendonite pseudomorphs seemingly paradoxical. This study presents a detailed sedimentological, geochemical, and microscopic study of the IODP Exp. 396 glendonites and presents an updated model for the ikaite-to-calcite transformation for these glendonites. Specifically, we show that early diagenesis of basaltic ashes of the NAIP appear to have chemically promoted ikaite growth in the sediments in this region. Together with existing knowledge of late Paleocene and early Eocene glendonites from Svalbard to the north and early Eocene glendonites from Denmark to the south, these new glendonite finds possibly imply episodic, short-duration, and likely localized cooling in the Nordic Seas region, which may have been directly or indirectly linked to the emplacement of the NAIP.

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    Climate of the Past
    Article . 2024
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    Climate of the Past (CP)
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      Climate of the Past
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      Climate of the Past (CP)
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Bertilsson, Filip;

    Denna uppsats syftar till att granska Klarälvens översvämning våren 1916 och dess ekonomiskakonsekvenser, med fokus på Karlstads stad. Forskningen kommer att inriktas på att svara på följandefrågeställningar:Varför var översvämningen våren 1916 så allvarlig?På vilket sätt påverkades befolkningen av översvämningen våren 1916?Hur agerade drätselkammaren och stadsfullmäktige under översvämningen våren 1916?Genom att studera handlingar från både Karlstads drätselkammare och stadsfullmäktige mellan åren1916–1918 gick det att utläsa hur allvarlig situationen egentligen var samt vilka åtgärder som gjordes avämbetsmännen för att lösa situationen och ta hand om sina medborgare.Översvämningen våren 1916 var inte begränsad till en lokal händelse vid Klarälven och Karlstad utanpåverkade flera områden i Sverige. Tre huvudfaktorer bidrog till att översvämningen blev allvarlig: Enovanligt snörik vinter, snabb smältning av snön på grund av stigande temperaturer i slutet av april ochkraftiga regnfall i maj.Översvämningen fick betydande konsekvenser för befolkningen. Den förstörde hem, gårdar, värdesaker,vägar och broar. Jordbruksmark dränktes, och människor tvingades lämna sina hem. Beräknade skadorför befolkningen i Karlstad, Torsby och Hagfors uppgick lågt räknat till 265 000 kronor, vilket var enbetydande summa på den tiden. Befolkningen vände sig till de lokala myndigheterna för hjälp.Undersökningen visar att Karlstads drätselkammare och stadsfullmäktige agerade ansvarsfullt för attbistå de hårt drabbade. Ersättningar betalades ut eftersom det ansågs att de drabbade inte kunde hållasansvariga för förlusterna och staden skulle stödja dem i nöden. Prioritet gavs till utbetalningar tillobemedlade och mindre bemedlade. Stadsfullmäktige utfärdade ytterligare ersättningar efter att hagranskat ärenden. För att finansiera dessa betalningar sökte man ekonomiskt stöd från staten. 

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    Authors: Andersson, Jonathan;

    The purpose of the study was to investigate the work of the temperance board in Karlstad during the interwar period and the crisis years when the economic depression affected Sweden, specifically around the year 1930. The focus was on the years 1927–1932, aiming to demonstrate a change in temperance efforts in the city of Karlstad. The study is qualitative with quantitative elements, and data were collected in numerical form to present the statistical findings. The examination involved a careful review of the minutes of the Karlstad City Council found in the annual report of the temperance board. Content analysis was employed to process the material, and the study aimed to answer the following questions: How did public sobriety vary in Karlstad from 1927 to 1932, and to what extent did documented alcohol offenses occur among individuals under 25 during the study period? The source material was analyzed using Anthony Giddens' structuration theory, based on the perspective of change presented by Helena Eriksson in her thesis "Population, Society, and Change." In the analysis section of this study, it is evident how alcohol-related offenses changed, with a noticeable shift from 1927 to 1932, showing a clear decrease in the number of arrests for such offenses during these years. It is also observed that the number of cases processed by the temperance board significantly decreased in 1930, 1931, and 1932. This, in turn, contributed to a noticeable decrease in individuals under 25 years old being apprehended for drunkenness. Studiens syfte var att undersöka nykterhetsnämndens arbete i Karlstad vid mellankrigstiden och krisåren då den ekonomiska depressionen drabbade Sverige. Närmare bestämt åren omkring 1930. Fokuset låg därför på åren 1927–1932, detta för att kunna påvisa att en förändring skett i nykterhetsarbetet i Karlstads stad. Studien är kvalitativ med kvantitativa inslag och därför samlades data in i numerisk form för att sedan presentera det statistiska som framkommit. Undersökningen bygger på att noggrant granska Karlstads stadsfullmäktiges protokoll som återfinns i nykterhetsnämndens årsredovisning. En innehållsanalys användes för att behandla materialet och de frågeställningar som studien skulle besvara var följande: Hur varierade folknykterheten i Karlstad 1927–1932 samt vilken omfattning hade den dokumenterade dryckenskapen bland individer under 25 år under undersökningsperioden? Källmaterialet har analyserats med hjälp Anthony Giddens struktureringsteori utifrån det förändringsperspektiv som presenterades av Helena Eriksson i hennes avhandling Befolkning, samhälle och förändring. I analysdelen av denna studie framgår det hur fylleriförseelserna förändras och att en märkbar förändring skett från 1927 och fram till 1932 och att man tydligt kan se en minskning på antalet anhållna för fylleriförseelser mellan nämnda år. Man ser också att antalet ärenden som nykterhetsnämnden behandlat minskar avsevärt år 1930, 1931 och 1932. Detta bidrog i sin tur också till att en märkbar minskning skedde bland individer under 25 år anhållna för dryckenskap.

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    Authors: Ahlén, Paulina;

    Lidköping is a city with a long tradition of education. One of the educational institutions that has been part of the city's educational history is Lidköping Elementary School for Girls, which existed in the city between 1876–1936. The aim of this study is to investigate how the education staged societal norms about women as good mothers and housewives. This has been done by analyzing the school's annual reports from the academic years 1877–1878, 1901–1902, 1920–1921 och 1930–1931 for which the school subject’s needlework, home economics, mathematics and natural sciences were selected. For each academic year, each subject has been analyzed to find out the teaching content, as well as to gain an understanding of the amount of time allocated to each subject. In addition, the school's other activities and events has been analyzed, primarily from the last two school years in which gender-coded activities were discovered. A timetable from the 1906 Board of Supervisors for Secondary Schools has been used to contextualize the girls' school's instruction in mathematics and natural sciences. The material, which primarily consists of annual reports from the school, has been analyzed using Yvonne Hirdman's gender theory. The method employed in processing the material is primarily qualitative text analysis with elements of quantitative comparative method. Through analysis and interpretation of the material, various gender-related elements have emerged, making it clear that the girls were educated to work within the four walls of the home, or possibly for typical female occupations.

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