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A través de un estudio de caso, protagonizado por Juana Escobar, analizamos el tránsito de esclava a señora de una cautiva que pasó, en pocos años, de ser una esclavizada a una mujer libre, con negocios y propietaria de otros seres humanos. En el tránsito a la segunda esclavitud aún fue posible para algunas mujeres esclavizadas alcanzar la libertad, detentar cierta prosperidad económica y establecer un entorno de seguridad para ella y para sus descendientes.

Abstract This study offers preliminary remarks on a hitherto unknown Greek translation of the Covenant of Muḥammad by the Patriarch Sophronios of Kilis. The translation is preserved in a single miscellaneous codex entitled Sarakēnika, which was compiled between 1770 and 1780 by the renowned Phanariot scholar and bibliophile Nikolaos Karatzas, a former official of the Patriarchate of Constantinople (MS Gr. 112, Princeton University Library). As the inclusion of the translation in the codex is representative of the cultural transfers that took place between the Arabic-speaking and the Greek peoples during the 17th- and 18th-century Ottoman Empire, this study examines, in particular, the knowledge regimes for the production of the text. In the Appendix, an editio princeps of the translation is provided.

Abstract This article investigates a little-known yet highly significant facet of the Arabic liturgical Gospel books – the commentary that was introduced into the Gospel readings from at least the 11th century to the 19th century, notably during the time of Patriarch Athanasios III Dabbās, the last publisher to include this commentary. This study aims to shed light on the origin and evolution of this commentary, categorize its contents, and evaluate its theological importance in the context of the Arab Christian tradition. By offering fresh perspectives on the composition of Lectionary commentaries, this research enriches our comprehension of the history and theology of the Arab Christian tradition.

Recent excavations at Sofular Höyük (Nevehir, central Turkey) uncovered Aceramic Neolithic deposits dating to the late 9th and early 8th millennium cal BC and a lithic industry almost entirely made of obsidian. This study focuses on the techno-typology of this lithic assemblage and provides a first look at the material procurement strategies through geochemical characterization. Our results show that Sofular Höyük shares many general techno-typological features with contemporary sites in Central Anatolia, placing the settlement within the locally rooted traditions of the region, while the pXRF analysis of a selection of obsidian artefacts indicates the presence of two Cappadocian sources, namely Göllüda? and Acigöl. © 2023 Univerza v Ljubljani. All rights reserved. Türk Tarih Kurumu, TTK; European Research Council, ERC: 772390; Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism, MCST; Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu, TÜBİTAK: 02 - M - 21 Acknowledgements Sofular Höyük excavations were undertaken with the permission of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey and with the support of the Nevºehir Museum. This research was funded by Türk Tarih Kurumu (TTK), TÜBİTAK, Karamanoğlu Meh-metbey University Coordinatorship of Scientific Research Projects (project number 02 - M - 21), and the European Research Council (ERC) project “NEOGENE: Archaeogenomic Analysis of Genetic and Cultural Interactions in Neolithic Anatolian Societies” (grant num ber 772390), whom the authors would like to thank for their valuable support and contributions. Lisa Maher kindly shared her opinion on an earlier draft of this paper, for which we are very grateful. The text also benefited from the constructive criticism provided by Tristan Carter and an anonymous reviewer. Any errors that might remain, of course, are ours.

AbstractThere has still been too little detailed work on the protectionism that emerged in the wake of the Great Depression. In this paper we explore the experiences of two countries that have been largely neglected in the literature, the Netherlands and Netherlands East Indies (NEI). How did these traditionally free‐trading economies respond to the Depression? We construct a detailed product‐level database of tariff and non‐tariff barriers to trade on the basis of primary sources. While ad valorem tariff increases in the Netherlands were largely due to deflation, the country protected agriculture and textiles in a number of ways. Once quotas are taken into account, trade restrictiveness indices suggest that protection in the Netherlands and NEI was comparable to protection in the UK and India, respectively. The NEI quota system was largely geared to protecting Dutch exporters, and succeeded in doing so, but the reverse was not true.

AbstractDuring the thirteenth to sixteenth centuries, the territory of western Somaliland was integrated into a series of Muslim states which controlled large areas of the southeastern Horn of Africa. One of the ways this control manifested itself was in the emergence of a network of permanent settlements on the westernmost side of Somaliland and the neighboring Ethiopian region. Although 20 of these sites have been identified so far, our information about most of them is fragmentary at best. This paper presents a comprehensive study of the material, architectural and territorial context of three of these medieval sites: Abasa (Darbiyah Kola), Hasadinle, and Iskudarka. This paper analyzes the information they provide us for understanding some of the key themes of the history of the region, such as the strategies of state control, the process of Islamization, the relationships between nomads and urban dwellers, and the material expressions of hierarchization and social inequality.

Este trabajo tiene por objetivo estudiar el viaje que realizó el franciscano español Buenaventura Ibáñez (1607-‍1691) desde China a Europa para negociar concesiones para las misiones en China y reclutar nuevos misioneros. Habiendo salido en 1661 de Jinan, al norte de China, el fraile pasó por Macao, Malasia, la India, el Golfo Pérsico y Oriente Próximo. Durante su viaje en Europa, el misionero visitó Roma y Madrid donde desarrolló una intensa labor negociadora que finalizó con su regreso con nuevos refuerzos a la misión China en 1669. A través de una selección de cartas, memoriales, súplicas y relaciones de este misionero, así como de la documentación conservada de aquellos que trataron con él, este trabajo pretende reconstruir su rol como procurador de la misión China. El estudio de sus acciones sirve para entender la puesta en marcha del proyecto misional franciscano en los siglos XVII y XVIII, así como para analizar las redes de poder en Asia Oriental entre las que se movió este fraile.

Entre los sistemas criptográficos europeos de la Edad Moderna, la Cifra nova Indiae Orientalis (1601), manuscrito rescatado en la Real Academia de la Historia de Madrid, compuesto por el secretario de la Compañía de Jesús Bernardo de Angelis, es la última clave de cifra que los superiores jesuitas utilizaron en los años de su expulsión de Japón. La presente investigación analiza la evolución de la pasigrafía asiática en los siglos XVI y XVII, y trata de examinar determinadas circunstancias históricas en las que la Cifra nova, códice hasta ahora inédito, se utilizó en la correspondencia de los jesuitas.