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This article describes the development of civilization in the world and the culture of the oven, the center of the religion of islam says the city of Bukhara Sharif, recognised the practical analysis of the historical development of the The Curse of Zarda'z will be covered.

Banten after the Second Dutch Military Aggression. The aim of this researh is to expose the phenomenon in Banten Residency after the Dutch occupied the region. There are four steps used in this research, i.e. collecting historical sources (heuristic), critique, interpretation and historiography (writing the history). This research result that the two sides of the civil government did not work well. Not long after Banten was occupied by the Dutch, several prominent Bantenese figures, especially those who were pro-Dutch discussed the future status of the region. The Information Department of Banten Residency who was pro-Dutch offered several alternatives for the people of Banten to choose. The alternatives were: (1) Banten became the 13th province of the Dutch Kingdom; (2) Banten joined the United States of Indonesia as a state or got a special status; (3) Banten indirectly joined the United States of Indonesia. First this region joined the state of Pasundan or the Federal District of Jakarta. If Banten joined the state of Pasundan, there are two options, firstly this district as a residency or secondly, as a state or an exclusive territory. Those alternatives were presented to the People Representative Board of Banten for the people to choose and to appoint a delegation who would present their choice to the Round Table Conference in the Hague (Den Haag). But the body did not follow the aspiration of the representative board. This body just had to wait for the conference decision. Based on the conference decision, Banten remained as a part of the Republic of Indonesia which was a state in the United States of Indonesia.

The article provides information about the events of the historical past, works dedicated to historical figures living in the recent or distant past, portrait compositions, works of Uzbek portrait painters. You can find information about some of the works from the historical past in world literature.

Tujuan penulisan ini adalah membuktikan bahwa kepercayaan Rahab terwujud melalui setiap tindakan Rahab dalam Yosua 2:1-24. Penulis surat Ibrani dan Yakobus mengungkapkan bahwa setiap tindakan Rahab menunjukkan kepercayaannya kepada Allah, namun dalam narasi Yosua 2 tidak ada keterangan yang jelas apakah benar setiap tindakan Rahab mewujudkan kepercayaannya kepada Allah bangsa Israel. Sebagai kesimpulan, Rahab memang memiliki latar belakang non-Israel, namun hal itu tidak menutup anugerah keselamatan untuk dinikmatinya. Rahab membuktikan kesungguhannya untuk percaya dan berserah kepada Allah bangsa Israel melalui setiap tindakannya demi menolong umat Allah. Dalam meneliti narasi Yosua 2:1-24, penulis menggunakan prinsip-prinsip umum dalam hermeneutik. Selain itu, penulis juga meneliti narasi Yosua 2 dengan menggunakan metode penafsiran narasi terkait genre dari Yosua 2:1-24 adalah narasi. The purpose of this writing is to prove that Rahab's belief is manifested through every act of Rahab in Joshua 2: 1-24. The writers of Hebrews and James reveal that every act of Rahab shows her belief in God, but in Joshua's narrative there is no clear explanation of whether it is true that every act of Rahab embodies her belief in the God of Israel. Rahab does have a non-Israelite background, but that fact does not exclude her from the enjoyment of the grace of salvation. Rahab proves her sincerity to believe and surrender to the God of Israel through her every action to help the people of God.

This research aims at analyzing Factors that affect the society to not use coins as a transaction medium in Pulau Morotai Regency. The subjects of this research consist of people who reside in Pulau Morotai. The variables in this research consist of the dependent variable (coins) and independent variables (inflation, society perception, and the efficiency of coins). The samples consist of 100 respondents selected using simple random sampling. The analysis method uses multiple linear regression. Based on the analysis, it shows that inflation, society's perception, and coins efficiency affect the use of coins. Partially, inflation and society perception affect the use of coins, while coins efficiency does not significantly affect the use of coins.

Pergeseran politik dari rezim Orde Baru ke era reformasi pada dasarnya telah memberi ruang gerak lebih luas kepada eks tapol untuk mereproduksi memori trauma dalam bentuk formal. Jika era Order Baru produksi memori eks tapol hanya dalam lingkunga keluarga, maka di era reformasi mereka mentransmisikan memori ke post-memori dengan cara lebih terbuka. Artikel ini mencoba untuk melihat produksi dan reproduksi memori dengan mengambil kasus dua keluarga eks tahanan politik (Tapol) PKI di Sulawesi Selatan. Dengan menggunakan metodologi sejarah dan menekankan pada proses, studi ini membuktikan bahwa produksi memori tapol diekspresikan melalui catatan-catatan harian, surat-surat, dan sketsa. Memori tersebut kemudian ditransmisikan ke generasi post-memori melalui cerita-cerita keluarga, gambar dan prilaku seharihari. Selanjutnya, generasi post-memori mereproduksi dan menerjemahkan ulang warisan memori tersebut di tengah Perubahan-Perubahan sosial politik. Konteks ini mengindikasikan bahwa pada masa Orde Baru, memori eks tapol hanya menjadi bagian dari domestic memory, kemudian berubah menjadi public memory yang diartikulasikan secara terbuka di era reformasi. Akan tetapi, terdapat cara-cara yang berbeda setiap tapol dalam memproduksi dan mentransmisikan memorinya. Latar belakang eks tapol; Pendidikan, kehidupan keluarga, dan aktivitas di masa lalu, memberi pengaruh signifikan terhadap pilihan-pilihan dalam menentukan model transmisi memori.

Setelah Kemerdekaan Indonesia diproklamasikan tanggal 17 Agustus 1945, di Serang Banten terdapat dua peristiwa penting, yaitu revolusi sosial dan tempat pencetakan uang daerah untuk Banten. Tahun 1947, di Serang, tentara Belanda di bawah naungan Pasukan Sekutu melakukan blokade darat dan laut. Pemerintahan di Serang pun putus komunikasi dengan Pemerintah RI yang berada di Yogyakarta. Agar perekonomian di Serang tetap berjalan, pemerintah pusat mengizinkan daerah Banten untuk mencetak uang daerah sendiri bernama Uang Republik Indonesia Daerah Banten (URIDAB). Menjadi pertanyaan tersendiri mengapa Serang Banten dipercaya oleh pemeritah pusat untuk mencetak uang dan mengapa pasukan Belanda melakukan blokade ekonomi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui mengapa Serang Banten dipercaya oleh pemerintah pusat untuk mencetak uang sendiri, adakah hubungannya antara URIDAB dan revolusi sosial. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode sejarah yang meliputi empat tahapan yaitu heuristik, kritik, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Melalui hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, diketahui bahwa pencetakan uang daerah di Banten diawali dengan perpindahan ibu kota RI dari Jakarta ke Yogyakarta. Belanda yang datang ke Indonesia dengan cara membonceng NICA melakukan kekacauan, penyerangan, dan memblokade ekonomi. Daerah-daerah yang lokasinya jauh dengan ibu kota RI sangat kesulitan berkomunikasi, sehingga pemerintah pusat yang berkedudukan di Yogyakarta memberikan wewenang kepada Residen Banten Achmad Chatib untuk mencetak mata uang sendiri dengan nama URIDAB kepanjangan dari Uang Republik Indonesia Daerah Banten.

Geoffrey Chaucer's only direct reference to the consequential Peasants' Revolt of 1381 is housed in the Nun's Priest's Tale as a passing, yet important, allusion to the daunting figure of Jack Straw and his men. The beast-fable's extratemporal chronotope is indeed traversed by a brief but significantly intrusive fragment of repressed historicity. The paper argues that the discarded historical event of the revolt against the establishment surfaces in the text, not to record the cracks and crevices in the dwindling feudal system, but to participate in the bestialization and grotesquing of the 1381 insurgents and the trivialization of their rising and their cause.

Edisi desember dari majalah Internasional National Geographic (2017) mengangkat suatu topic yang telah menantang ribuan bahkan jutaan pemikir, teolog, dan ahli sejarah, yakni kontroversi seputar siapakah Yesus dari Nazaret. Sebagai sebuah majalah semi-ilmiah dengan tiras yang cukup besar, tentu kita mesti mengangkat jempol atas keberanian majalah tersebut untuk mengangkat topik yang bagi sebagian orang disebut ‘politically incorrect.”

This research focuses on Hasan Hanafi's thought study of "Epistemological Reconstruction of the Science of Jurisprudence Based on Historical Sciences". From the results of the study found several findings; 1). Hasan Hanafi is a figure who is very concerned about efforts to revive the spirit and spirit (revitalization) of Ushul Fiqh Science by using a historical approach. According to him the dimensions of history and humanity are important factors in order to approach the conceptions and methodology of the Ummah of Fiqh. Actually the historical and human dimensions are found in the standard methodology of the Ummah Fiqh, but this historical dimension has long been "extinct" and detached from the Ushul Fiqh when the development process of Science took place and manifested itself in the process of developing this knowledge. So that in fact according to Hasan Hanafi, the historical dimension is essentially manifested in all elements of Usul Fiqh, namely in ill adillah syar'iyah, thuruq al istinbat and al ahkam al syar'iiyah. This historical dimension is represented by Hasan Hanafi with both keywords, namely "history" and "human"; 2). Hasan Hanafi is a person who cares about the existence of the Science of Ushul Fiqh, in order that he says the importance of efforts to revitalize the Ushul Fiqh methodology. Revitalization in Hasan Hanafi's thinking is an attempt to renew and adjust the methodology of the Ummah of Fiqh based on the conditions of social settings and the realities of humanity and the developing sciences, but this effort starts from tradition and the treasure of the Ushul Fiqh methodology built by earlier scholars. With such efforts, it is hoped that the renewal of the methodology of the Uthul Fiqh on the one hand can solve contemporary legal problems that are increasingly complicated, but on the other hand are not uprooted from the roots and genealogy of the Ushul Fiqh methodology; 3). The thought of the Ushul Fiqh Hasan Hanafi is very relevant to the efforts to reactualize Islamic law. This is because there is a deep "awkwardness" in the thought of Usul Fiqh so that in the actual reality the Science of Usul Fiqh has been frozen. The significance of the thought of Ushul Fiqh Hasan Hanafi lies in the effort to revive the vital spirit and spirit of this Science by using a historical approach. That is, that the human and historical dimensions are one thing that must be involved in the legal process; 4). The historical thinking of the Ustadh Fiqh Hasan Hanafi which is covered in the human dimension and history actually has roots in Hasan Hanafi's thoughts and projects about al Turas wa al Tajdid (Tradition and Renewal). Because of the loss of the human dimension and history in the tradition and the treasures of Muslim thought are the main problems which are the cause of the lack of progressivity in the traditions and actions of Muslims.