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In this article, I have tried to draw an image of Polish literature in Croatian culture in the period from 2011 to 2021, based on bibliographies and articles on translations in Croatian cultural and literary magazines and on internet portals. The analysis shows that the publishers’ choices aim for commercial titles, but the bibliographies of the most agile translators indicate that the overall image of Polish literature in Croatian translations is dominantly built with the names of canonical titles and authors. Celem artykułu jest nakreślenie obecności literatury polskiej w kulturze chorwackiej w okresie od 2011 do 2021 roku na podstawie bibliografii i artykułów o tłumaczeniach zamieszczonych w chorwackich czasopismach kulturalno-literackich oraz na portalach internetowych. Z analizy wynika, że wydawcy wybierają najczęściej tytuły komercyjne, natomiast bibliografie najbardziej cenionych tłumaczy wskazują, że ogólny obraz literatury polskiej w przekładach chorwackich budowany jest głównie na podstawie nazwisk kanonicznych tytułów i autorów.

An overview of the most systematic calculations and estimates of the demographic and actual human losses of Croatian Germans and Hungarians caused by World War II and their comparison, and the comparison of these calculations with indicators in historiographical, popular, and victimological works—and, above all, the much more reliable lists of human losses by name—clearly points towards the need of questioning the reliability of the number of both demographic and actual humans losses of Croatian Germans and Hungarians—and especially the structures of these losses—in the calculations and estimates that are most commonly referred to in Croatian historiography and in the Croatian public scene. The lists of human losses by name that cover Croatia—and Yugoslavia—in World War II, which can never be complete and without error, nonetheless contribute greatly to correcting calculations and estimates of actual human losses. Lists of victims by name cannot be considered final. The fundamental issue with lists of names that were created primarily based on testimonies rather than original documents is that many data providers did not know the circumstances, time, and place that a certain person lost their life. Along with the necessary and unavoidable supplements and corrections in lists of names, there are also noticeable changes in the structure of human losses, including transfers from one national/ethnic group to another, which can also be seen in the case of Croatian Germans and Hungarians. There are clearly serious dilemmas regarding the demographic and actual human losses of Croatian Germans and Hungarians. The number of persons who emigrated, fled, or were expelled from the country, as well as the number of those who were ‘assimilated’, is questionable, and therefore the numbers of actual and demographic human losses of Croatian Germans and Hungarians are also questionable. Namely, the number of those who emigrated, and above all the number of ‘assimilated’ persons, are assumptions or even guesses in even the most systematic calculations. The indicators of the lists by name are indispensable not only in analyses of human losses, most of all actual losses, but also in the corrections of calculations and estimates of demographic human losses of Croatian Germans and Hungarians. There is no doubt that there remains a series of open questions and counter-questions in historiography and victimology regarding the number of demographic and actual human losses of Croatian Germans and Hungarians and the structure of these losses. U članku se daje pregled najsustavnijih izračuna i procjena o demografskim i stvarnim ljudskim gubicima hrvatskih Nijemaca i Mađara prouzročenim Drugim svjetskim ratom. Uz usporedbu tih izračuna i procjena ukazuje se i na drugačije pokazatelje u historiografskim, publicističkim i viktimološkim radovima, i ponajprije na znatno pouzdanije poimenične popise ljudskih gubitaka – žrtvoslove. Naglašava se potreba propitivanja utemeljenosti broja i demografskih i stvarnih ljudskih gubitaka hrvatskih Nijemaca i Mađara i ponajprije strukture tih gubitaka u izračunima odnosno procjenama na koje se u hrvatskoj historiografiji i javnosti uglavnom poziva.

Using archival materials from the criminal police and district prosecutor’s offices of the Republic of Slovenia, the Government Commission on Concealed Mass Graves in Slovenia, exhumation reports and field research, and published scientific works, the author of this paper presents an analysis of the investigation of concealed mass graves from the democratic changes in 1990 to 2022, with particular emphasis on mass graves containing Croatian victims. The concealed mass graves and their victims were erased from public memory until 1990. Planned field research of the mass graves began only in 2006, and ceased in 2009, after the victims in the Huda Jama mine were found. The new Law on concealed mass graves and victim burials of 2015 allows the continuous investigation, exhumation, and development of mass grave sites containing Croatian victims. Autor članka na temelju arhivskoga gradiva kriminalističke policije i okružnih tužiteljstava Republike Slovenije, Povjerenstva Vlade Republike Slovenije za rješavanje pitanja prikrivenih grobišta, izvješća izvođača ekshumacija i terenskih istraživanja te objavljenih znanstvenih djela prezentira analizu istraživanja prikrivenih grobišta u Sloveniji od demokratskih promjena 1990. do 2022. s posebnim naglaskom na grobištima s hrvatskim žrtvama. Prikrivena grobišta i žrtve u njima bila su sve do 1990. izbrisana iz javnoga sjećanja. Planska terenska istraživanja grobišta započela su tek 2006. i nakon otkrića žrtava u rudniku u Hudoj Jami 2009. su prekinuta. Novi Zakon o prikrivenim vojnim grobištima i ukopu žrtava iz 2015. omogućava i kontinuirano istraživanje i ekshumacije te uređenja grobišta s hrvatskim žrtvama.

By analysing and comparing unpublished archival sources, contemporaneous printed matter, and relevant scientific literature, this paper aims to depict a specific segment of war propaganda: exhibitions of war trophies and war-themed art exhibitions held in Zagreb from 1915 to 1918. Already in autumn 1914, certain Zagreb traders displayed captured enemy weapons and equipment in their shop windows, which can be interpreted as an indirect introduction to the wartime exhibitions. The actions of Zagreb traders were soon followed by the armed forces of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, which also ceremoniously displayed captured enemy weapons. Already in early 1915, the civilian and military authorities prohibited citizens from displaying and owning trophies. That autumn, the Croatian Zita’s Hall association, supported by the land government and military authorities, organised an Exhibition of Firing Trenches, most likely inspired by an exhibition bearing the same name that had been opened in the Prater in Vienna in the summer. A simulation of the front lines of the battlefield was created, accompanied by additional content, the digging of trenches, and displaying of trophies. In 1916, the Croatian Zita’s Hall association, the Ladies’ Wartime Assistance Committee, and the Croatian Arts Society, working together with the propaganda department of the Ministry of War (the Kriegspressequartier, KPQ) launched a War Paintings Exhibition, at which they presented the works of ‘war artists’ to the public. For the last two years of the war, the organisation of exhibitions of war-themed works was taken over by a private gallery, The Ullrich Salon. After the end of World War I in October 1918, the war-themed artworks created during the war were forgotten, along with the exhibitions at which they had been presented to the public. Cilj je ovoga rada analizom i usporedbom neobjavljene arhivske građe, objavljenih izvora, onodobnih tiskovina te relevantne literature istražiti izložbe ratne tematike postavljane u Zagrebu tijekom Prvoga svjetskog rata. Uz stručno postavljene izložbe istražit će se i aspekt samoinicijativnoga izlaganja ratnih trofeja. Ovaj specifičan segment ratne propagande može se podijeliti na organizirano izlaganje trofeja i na stručno postavljene izložbe likovnih djela ratne tematike. Nameće se pitanje s kojom su svrhom izložbe organizirane, tko ih je organizirao i s kojim ciljem te jesu li koncepcijski i tematski rađene prema izložbama održavanima u centru Monarhije, Beču, i drugim većim gradovima.

Before adopting the Law on the Five-Year Plan for the Development of the National Economy (1947–1951), the Yugoslav political leadership was somewhat aware of the challenges associated with implementing the Soviet methodology in Yugoslav economic practice. From the beginning of the application of the Law in 1947, these problems became concrete, numerous, and diverse. A hypothetical question is: could the Yugoslav Five-Year Plan have been realised in the initially conceived way and with the foreseen dynamics? The impact of the economic blockade after the Cominform resolution of 1948 on implementing the Yugoslav Five-Year Plan and developing heavy industry are relevant questions from a historiographical perspective. This paper tries to confirm the hypothesis that the economic blockade of Yugoslavia by the Soviet Union and the countries of people’s democracy made it impossible to implement the original ideas regarding the planned industrialisation. The blockade was a catalyst for changes in Yugoslav society, so the economy was decentralised. However, the blockade also had a decisive effect on the shift in priorities, dynamics, and the direction of construction and development of Yugoslav heavy industry. In 1949, the Federal Ministry of Heavy Industry reduced investments at the level of companies that worked in its department. Appointed commissions also conducted thorough audits of capital construction projects. Due to the blockade, the construction of some factory plant and buildings was stopped, delayed, or significantly extended (for example, the company Željezara Sisak). Suspensions and obstructions of the contracted deliveries of technologies, equipment, semi-finished products, and raw materials from the countries of people’s democracy as well as goods that were supposed to have come through reparations from Hungary conditioned the replacement of imports with domestic production. Decisions on import substitution meant a shift in production programmes for some heavy industry companies. In order to achieve the new goals, it was necessary to build facilities and infrastructure that were not planned at the beginning of the implementation of the Five-Year Plan (1947). Some heavy industry companies implemented radical changes in their operations and profiled themselves towards the production of previously exclusively imported equipment (for example, the company Rade Končar) or the provision of services for industry (for example, the company Đuro Đaković). Radom se nastoji potvrditi hipoteza da je ekonomska blokada Federativne Narodne Republike Jugoslavije od Saveza Sovjetskih Socijalističkih Republika i zemalja narodne demokracije, koja je nastupila 1948., presudno utjecala na dinamiku i smjer izgradnje i razvoja jugoslavenske teške industrije u prvoj petoljetki. Blokada je bila jedan od glavnih uzroka nemogućnosti realizacije planiranih ciljeva, što je dovelo do promjene prioriteta i redukcije kapitalnih investicija u tešku industriju, revizije planskih zadataka te preusmjeravanja poduzeća prema ubrzanom usvajanju tehnologija izrade novih industrijskih proizvoda. U radu se istražuju promjene u teškoj industriji u odnosu na projekcije iz Zakona o petogodišnjem planu razvitka narodne privrede Federativne Narodne Republike Jugoslavije u godinama 1947. – 1951. te racionalizacije investicija i izmjene proizvodnih programa tvornica uzrokovane blokadom. Detaljno su analizirane promjene u dinamici izgradnje i poslovanju triju državnih poduzeća saveznoga značaja u Narodnoj Republici Hrvatskoj.

Usatove was an important southeast European culture, part of Gimbutas’ kurgan cultures, that connected the world of farmers of Old Europe with the rising influence of steppe nomads at the Eneolithic–Bronze Age transition. While the Usatove culture is currently placed within the late Eneolithic–Early Bronze Age chronological period, emerging evidence suggests the culture formed genetically and culturally in the early part of the 4th millennium BCE. We propose that the biological and cultural foundations of Usatove lie at the juncture of the Suvorove–Novodanylivka branch of the Seredny Stig complex of the North Pontic Steppe, the Trypillian farmers of southeast Europe, with influences from Varna–Karanovo VI–Gumelniţa and late Stone Age cultures of the North Caucasus.

The Urban Regulatory Plan and Directive Regulatory Basis of Zagreb (DRB) of 1949 was the city’s first urban development proposition after World War II. The chief authors of the document were Vlado Antolić and his colleagues at the Urban Planning Institute of Croatia. The document was the conceptual and practical continuation of the pre-war Zagreb City Master Plan. These plans are linked through the key person of Vlado Antolić and his colleagues, Josip Seissel and Stjepan Hribar. The Zagreb City Master Plan of 1932/1940 and the DRB of 1939 are a rare example of continuity in urban planning that happened despite the great social and political changes that had taken place in the meantime. The greatest contributions of the architect Antolić in the first phase of the DRB projection from 1947 to 1949 were the preservation of the continuity and the application of the basic urban planning ideas upon which the Master Plan of 1932/1940 had been built and his persistent professional struggle against the ad hoc urban planning advocated by politicians and the local administration. Despite political resistance, Antolić managed to apply modern urban planning theories such as zoning by usage because he succeeded in defining and placing industry in two existing, expanded industrial zones. Antolić was highly knowledgeable in the modern urban planning theories of high modernism, but also pragmatic and a realist. He studied the existing longitudinal expansion of the city, which is a consequence of the topography, extant traffic routes, and hydrography. In the urban planning solutions proposed in the DRB of 1949, he preferred cautious and realistic direction over heedless and unrealistic competition. The second phase of the DRB, from 1949 to 1953, is the best example of the complexity of the conditions in which Zagreb urban planners patiently introduced the basic ideas of high modernism. Regulacioni plan i direktivna regulaciona osnova Zagreba iz 1949. godine prvi je urbanistički prijedlog razvoja Zagreba nakon Drugoga svjetskog rata. Glavni je tvorac dokumenta ing. Vlado Antolić sa svojim suradnicima u Urbanističkom institutu Narodne Republike Hrvatske. Dokument je nastavak prijeratnoga urbanističkog plana koji je stupio na snagu 1940., kako zbog ljudi koji su ga stvarali, tako i zbog ideja koje su prenesene u poslijeratno urbanističko planiranje. Poslijeratni urbanizam nastajao je u okolnostima velike nestašice materijalnih i tehničkih sredstava te kvalificirane radne snage. Ali, usprkos velikim poteškoćama pri izradi urbanističkoga plana, on je ponudio urbanistička rješenja koja su kasniji urbanisti u svojim urbanističkim planovima prihvatili. Članak analizira sadržaj Regulacionoga plana i direktivne regulacione osnove Zagreba iz 1949., kontekst poslijeratnoga vremena u kojemu se promijenio društveni i ideološki okvir, a unutar kojega je nastajala nova poslijeratna urbanistička praksa.

Research background: Numerous modern indicators are attempting to integrate better economic, political, social, and environmental ambitions to uncover potential synergy, trade-offs, and future views that center around the notion of a so-called green economy. As long as the various indicators are not bounded in one comprehensive measurement, utilizing knowledge of relevant information and statistics that are crucial for monitoring the progress will not give us answers on the progress towards green growth either. Without an adequate measurement framework and robust statistics, the evaluation of the green economy is open to subjective reasoning. Purpose of the article: This paper aims to offer a strong standpoint for green topics by exploring the concept of Green GDP. The paper introduces a new, updated database on Green GDP for the set of 160 countries from 1970?2019. Methods: This database is distinctive due to its balanced coverage of two components of the green economy: quantitative feature (standard methodological algorithm) and qualitative feature (opportunity costs) within a common Green GDP accounting framework. Findings & value added: Standardizing new methodologies and procedures for estimating environmental costs with a statistical foundation provides added value, which we hope will support the creation of reliable accounting and valuation systems for the green economy on a developing "green platform."