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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book 2018Publisher:IGI Global Authors: Wang, Jia; Rui, Li;Wang, Jia; Rui, Li;This chapter assesses underlying spatial relations for pedestrian wayfinding by examining navigational directions given in both forms of sketch maps and verbal descriptions. An experiment was conducted to investigate characteristics of navigational directions provided by participants in the form of sketch maps and verbal descriptions. The authors were specifically interested in the landmarks and spatial relationships such as route topology, linear order relation, and relative orientation extracted from the navigational directions. A new ontological approach to sketch and verbal interpretations was adopted for spatial analysis. The results pointed to the advantage of including sketch components into pedestrian navigation systems over solely turn-by-turn instructions. In addition, the results showed the differences between visual and verbal directions, which suggest the necessity of having different levels of directions for giving specific types of navigational instructions.
https://doi.org/10.4... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2018 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.4018/978-1-5225-5396-0.ch003&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu1 citations 1 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!visibility 12visibility views 12 download downloads 1 Powered bymore_vert https://doi.org/10.4... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2018 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.4018/978-1-5225-5396-0.ch003&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book 2017Publisher:Springer International Publishing Authors: Zhibin Chen; Yunming Ye; Xiaofei Xu; Feng Li;Zhibin Chen; Yunming Ye; Xiaofei Xu; Feng Li;In this paper, we propose a multi-roles graph model for extractive single-document summarization. In our model, we consider that each text can be expressed in some important words which we call roles. We design three roles, including noun role, verb role and numeral role, and build a multi-roles graph according to these three roles to represent a text. And then we project this graph into three single role graphs according to the role of nodes. After that, we extract some import features from these four graphs by applying a modified PageRank algorithm and then combine them with some statistical features such as sentence position and the length of sentence to represent each sentence. Finally we train a random forest model to learn the pattern of selecting important sentences to generate summaries. To evaluate our model, we perform some experiments on DUC2001 and DUC2002 and achieve 13.9% improvement over latest methods. Besides, we also obtain best results in ROUGE-2 compared with some classic methods.
https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2017 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-319-70087-8_50&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2017 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-319-70087-8_50&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book 2015Publisher:Springer International Publishing Halidanmu Abudukelimu; Yang Liu; Xinxiong Chen; Maosong Sun; Abudoukelimu Abulizi;While distributed representations have proven to be very successful in a variety of NLP tasks, learning distributed representations for agglutinative languages such as Uyghur still faces a major challenge: most words are composed of many morphemes and occur only once on the training data. To address the data sparsity problem, we propose an approach to learn distributed representations of Uyghur words and morphemes from unlabeled data. The central idea is to treat morphemes rather than words as the basic unit of representation learning. We annotate a Uyghur word similarity dataset and show that our approach achieves significant improvements over CBOW, a state-of-the-art model for computing vector representations of words.
https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2015 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-319-25816-4_17&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu2 citations 2 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2015 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-319-25816-4_17&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book 2015Publisher:Springer International Publishing Authors: Ian Pool;Ian Pool;This book has dealt with one major substantive issue – population and development. The history is one of population numbers declining, but nevertheless surviving to reach stationarity at the very last moment – that part of the story of the Seeds of Rangiatea had a happy, although cliff-hanger, ending. But the plot for Maori development was less positive. Maori commerce was robust for about 40 years, as it grew after contact (1769), peaked in the 1840s and 1850s, then declined. But from 1840 the fundamental base of Maori wealth, the land, was transferred almost in its entirety – at least the more productive areas – to Pakeha settlers. This left Maori in 1900 as a dismembered remnant population with little wealth, and even less that was viable commercially. Population and development are just two among a number of ‘tangible’ dimensions nested into what has emerged as this book’s substantive meta-issue, ‘colonization’. Other meta-issues, typically more theoretical and methodological than substantive, have emerged here, notably the explanatory power of transition frameworks that are used in demography and economics. But there are yet other questions, more in the nature of ‘intangibles’, that were not addressed here, even though they may be fundamental to an understanding of ‘colonization’ and social change in general. Mana Maori is probably the most significant of these powerful ‘intangibles’, but an in-depth exploration of this theme awaits someone with expertise in ontology and related fields and Maori language skills.
https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2015 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer Nature TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-319-16904-0_15&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2015 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer Nature TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-319-16904-0_15&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book 2018Publisher:Springer International Publishing Authors: Michael O'Sullivan;Michael O'Sullivan;This chapter examines the lives and work of two of the most important diplomats from the island of Ireland in the nineteenth century. Both Robert Hart and John Pope-Hennessy worked for the British Empire and Robert Hart also worked for the Qing Dynasty of China. This chapter examines their careers as Irish expats and the nature of their work for the British and Chinese Empires. It also examines how their Irishness might have influenced their work for the British Empire. The chapter also publishes for the first time an illuminating and enlightening letter from Robert Hart to Hennessy from 1880 on the future commercial landscape of China and the Greater China Region. It also publishes for the first time a somewhat harrowing account of John Pope Hennessy’s first-hand experience of the Irish Famine.
https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2018 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer Nature TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-319-95900-9_8&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2018 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer Nature TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-319-95900-9_8&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book 2020Publisher:Springer International Publishing Authors: Hongyan Zhang; Lin Wang; Wuying Liu;Hongyan Zhang; Lin Wang; Wuying Liu;Traditional category theories including classical category and prototype category haven’t provided enough theoretical and practical support to category-based definition in dictionaries. Based on the schema category theory, this paper attempts to demonstrate how the schema-based categorized definition models work in Chinese Dictionaries.
https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2020 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-030-38189-9_52&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2020 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-030-38189-9_52&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book 2018Publisher:Springer Singapore Authors: Yaoli Xu; Zhanhuai Li; Wanhua Qi;Yaoli Xu; Zhanhuai Li; Wanhua Qi;Entity resolution (ER), as the process of identifying records which depict the same real-world entity, plays a fundamental role in data integration and data cleaning tasks. Although deep learning techniques of data science have transformed various applications, there are few efforts to leverage these techniques to deal with entity resolution. We also observe the importance of overlapped tokens and the semantic similarity from pre-trained word vectors can benefit ER. To this end, we propose a deep learning based framework for ER, which can leverage the state-of-the-art techniques in deep neural network communities. We also propose an importance-and-semantics-aware approach for ER using a multilayer perceptron (MLP), to combine the importance of overlapped tokens, semantic similarity and textual similarity of corresponding attribute values of pairs. Comparative experiments demonstrate that our method outperforms the traditional method.
https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-98...Part of book or chapter of book . 2018 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-981-13-2203-7_8&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-98...Part of book or chapter of book . 2018 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-981-13-2203-7_8&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book 2020Publisher:Springer Singapore Authors: Qing Mei;Qing Mei;Based on the OUV value assessment criteria, dozens of heritage values can be summed up from Gulangyu Island. In 2017, Gulangyu was added to the world cultural heritage list due to its profound historical and cultural importance; its beautiful natural environment; and its multicultural elements, which continue to evolve.
https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-98...Part of book or chapter of book . 2020 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-981-15-3016-6_2&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu1 citations 1 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-98...Part of book or chapter of book . 2020 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-981-15-3016-6_2&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book 2017Publisher:Springer Singapore Authors: Mingyuan Gu; Jiansheng Ma; Jun Teng;Mingyuan Gu; Jiansheng Ma; Jun Teng;The gaokao, as the buzzword of today’s China, has received both praise and criticism. Over the past decades, the gaokao has been depicted in three statements: (1) “A person’s destiny being determined by one exam”; (2) “Thousands of people struggling to cross a narrow bridge for success”; and (3) “The survivors of the gaokao tend to have high scores but low competence.” All these statements have at least conveyed a message, i.e., that the gaokao has distorted the targets of China’s elementary education.
https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-98...Part of book or chapter of book . 2017 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-981-10-4011-5_4&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu4 citations 4 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-98...Part of book or chapter of book . 2017 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-981-10-4011-5_4&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book 2013Publisher:Springer Berlin Heidelberg Authors: Bich Diep Tu; Guonian N. Wang;Bich Diep Tu; Guonian N. Wang;“Death” is an unavoidable part of life, and sometimes a must topic. For its inauspicious implication, “death” itself is usually euphemized with other terms or phrases in a variety of living languages, including Chinese and Vietnamese. A comparative study is conducted on the various ways of expressing “death” in these two languages. Similarities and differences are revealed in these terms, which serve to unveil the subtle cultural backgrounds in the two nations. The findings are also of assistance to teaching Chinese in Vietnam.
https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2013 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer Nature TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-642-45185-0_13&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2013 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer Nature TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-642-45185-0_13&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book 2018Publisher:IGI Global Authors: Wang, Jia; Rui, Li;Wang, Jia; Rui, Li;This chapter assesses underlying spatial relations for pedestrian wayfinding by examining navigational directions given in both forms of sketch maps and verbal descriptions. An experiment was conducted to investigate characteristics of navigational directions provided by participants in the form of sketch maps and verbal descriptions. The authors were specifically interested in the landmarks and spatial relationships such as route topology, linear order relation, and relative orientation extracted from the navigational directions. A new ontological approach to sketch and verbal interpretations was adopted for spatial analysis. The results pointed to the advantage of including sketch components into pedestrian navigation systems over solely turn-by-turn instructions. In addition, the results showed the differences between visual and verbal directions, which suggest the necessity of having different levels of directions for giving specific types of navigational instructions.
https://doi.org/10.4... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2018 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.4018/978-1-5225-5396-0.ch003&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu1 citations 1 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!visibility 12visibility views 12 download downloads 1 Powered bymore_vert https://doi.org/10.4... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2018 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.4018/978-1-5225-5396-0.ch003&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book 2017Publisher:Springer International Publishing Authors: Zhibin Chen; Yunming Ye; Xiaofei Xu; Feng Li;Zhibin Chen; Yunming Ye; Xiaofei Xu; Feng Li;In this paper, we propose a multi-roles graph model for extractive single-document summarization. In our model, we consider that each text can be expressed in some important words which we call roles. We design three roles, including noun role, verb role and numeral role, and build a multi-roles graph according to these three roles to represent a text. And then we project this graph into three single role graphs according to the role of nodes. After that, we extract some import features from these four graphs by applying a modified PageRank algorithm and then combine them with some statistical features such as sentence position and the length of sentence to represent each sentence. Finally we train a random forest model to learn the pattern of selecting important sentences to generate summaries. To evaluate our model, we perform some experiments on DUC2001 and DUC2002 and achieve 13.9% improvement over latest methods. Besides, we also obtain best results in ROUGE-2 compared with some classic methods.
https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2017 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-319-70087-8_50&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2017 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-319-70087-8_50&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book 2015Publisher:Springer International Publishing Halidanmu Abudukelimu; Yang Liu; Xinxiong Chen; Maosong Sun; Abudoukelimu Abulizi;While distributed representations have proven to be very successful in a variety of NLP tasks, learning distributed representations for agglutinative languages such as Uyghur still faces a major challenge: most words are composed of many morphemes and occur only once on the training data. To address the data sparsity problem, we propose an approach to learn distributed representations of Uyghur words and morphemes from unlabeled data. The central idea is to treat morphemes rather than words as the basic unit of representation learning. We annotate a Uyghur word similarity dataset and show that our approach achieves significant improvements over CBOW, a state-of-the-art model for computing vector representations of words.
https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2015 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-319-25816-4_17&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu2 citations 2 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2015 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-319-25816-4_17&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book 2015Publisher:Springer International Publishing Authors: Ian Pool;Ian Pool;This book has dealt with one major substantive issue – population and development. The history is one of population numbers declining, but nevertheless surviving to reach stationarity at the very last moment – that part of the story of the Seeds of Rangiatea had a happy, although cliff-hanger, ending. But the plot for Maori development was less positive. Maori commerce was robust for about 40 years, as it grew after contact (1769), peaked in the 1840s and 1850s, then declined. But from 1840 the fundamental base of Maori wealth, the land, was transferred almost in its entirety – at least the more productive areas – to Pakeha settlers. This left Maori in 1900 as a dismembered remnant population with little wealth, and even less that was viable commercially. Population and development are just two among a number of ‘tangible’ dimensions nested into what has emerged as this book’s substantive meta-issue, ‘colonization’. Other meta-issues, typically more theoretical and methodological than substantive, have emerged here, notably the explanatory power of transition frameworks that are used in demography and economics. But there are yet other questions, more in the nature of ‘intangibles’, that were not addressed here, even though they may be fundamental to an understanding of ‘colonization’ and social change in general. Mana Maori is probably the most significant of these powerful ‘intangibles’, but an in-depth exploration of this theme awaits someone with expertise in ontology and related fields and Maori language skills.
https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2015 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer Nature TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-319-16904-0_15&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2015 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer Nature TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-319-16904-0_15&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book 2018Publisher:Springer International Publishing Authors: Michael O'Sullivan;Michael O'Sullivan;This chapter examines the lives and work of two of the most important diplomats from the island of Ireland in the nineteenth century. Both Robert Hart and John Pope-Hennessy worked for the British Empire and Robert Hart also worked for the Qing Dynasty of China. This chapter examines their careers as Irish expats and the nature of their work for the British and Chinese Empires. It also examines how their Irishness might have influenced their work for the British Empire. The chapter also publishes for the first time an illuminating and enlightening letter from Robert Hart to Hennessy from 1880 on the future commercial landscape of China and the Greater China Region. It also publishes for the first time a somewhat harrowing account of John Pope Hennessy’s first-hand experience of the Irish Famine.
https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2018 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer Nature TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-319-95900-9_8&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2018 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer Nature TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-319-95900-9_8&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book 2020Publisher:Springer International Publishing Authors: Hongyan Zhang; Lin Wang; Wuying Liu;Hongyan Zhang; Lin Wang; Wuying Liu;Traditional category theories including classical category and prototype category haven’t provided enough theoretical and practical support to category-based definition in dictionaries. Based on the schema category theory, this paper attempts to demonstrate how the schema-based categorized definition models work in Chinese Dictionaries.
https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2020 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-030-38189-9_52&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2020 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-030-38189-9_52&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book 2018Publisher:Springer Singapore Authors: Yaoli Xu; Zhanhuai Li; Wanhua Qi;Yaoli Xu; Zhanhuai Li; Wanhua Qi;Entity resolution (ER), as the process of identifying records which depict the same real-world entity, plays a fundamental role in data integration and data cleaning tasks. Although deep learning techniques of data science have transformed various applications, there are few efforts to leverage these techniques to deal with entity resolution. We also observe the importance of overlapped tokens and the semantic similarity from pre-trained word vectors can benefit ER. To this end, we propose a deep learning based framework for ER, which can leverage the state-of-the-art techniques in deep neural network communities. We also propose an importance-and-semantics-aware approach for ER using a multilayer perceptron (MLP), to combine the importance of overlapped tokens, semantic similarity and textual similarity of corresponding attribute values of pairs. Comparative experiments demonstrate that our method outperforms the traditional method.
https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-98...Part of book or chapter of book . 2018 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-981-13-2203-7_8&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-98...Part of book or chapter of book . 2018 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-981-13-2203-7_8&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book 2020Publisher:Springer Singapore Authors: Qing Mei;Qing Mei;Based on the OUV value assessment criteria, dozens of heritage values can be summed up from Gulangyu Island. In 2017, Gulangyu was added to the world cultural heritage list due to its profound historical and cultural importance; its beautiful natural environment; and its multicultural elements, which continue to evolve.
https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-98...Part of book or chapter of book . 2020 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-981-15-3016-6_2&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu1 citations 1 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-98...Part of book or chapter of book . 2020 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-981-15-3016-6_2&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book 2017Publisher:Springer Singapore Authors: Mingyuan Gu; Jiansheng Ma; Jun Teng;Mingyuan Gu; Jiansheng Ma; Jun Teng;The gaokao, as the buzzword of today’s China, has received both praise and criticism. Over the past decades, the gaokao has been depicted in three statements: (1) “A person’s destiny being determined by one exam”; (2) “Thousands of people struggling to cross a narrow bridge for success”; and (3) “The survivors of the gaokao tend to have high scores but low competence.” All these statements have at least conveyed a message, i.e., that the gaokao has distorted the targets of China’s elementary education.
https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-98...Part of book or chapter of book . 2017 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-981-10-4011-5_4&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu4 citations 4 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-98...Part of book or chapter of book . 2017 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-981-10-4011-5_4&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book 2013Publisher:Springer Berlin Heidelberg Authors: Bich Diep Tu; Guonian N. Wang;Bich Diep Tu; Guonian N. Wang;“Death” is an unavoidable part of life, and sometimes a must topic. For its inauspicious implication, “death” itself is usually euphemized with other terms or phrases in a variety of living languages, including Chinese and Vietnamese. A comparative study is conducted on the various ways of expressing “death” in these two languages. Similarities and differences are revealed in these terms, which serve to unveil the subtle cultural backgrounds in the two nations. The findings are also of assistance to teaching Chinese in Vietnam.
https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2013 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer Nature TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-642-45185-0_13&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2013 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer Nature TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-642-45185-0_13&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu