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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Lebeurre, Alexia;

    The « arabesque genre » : nature and diffusion of the models in the Parisian interior decor, 1760-1790. Among the main inspiration sources of the neo-classical arabesque decorations — Antiquity, Renaissance, and the ornemanists miscellanies — it is difficult to distinguish the models used by the parisian decorators. Most of the portfolios achieved by the artists during their tour in Italy were dispersed and the publications devoted to Antiquity and Renaissance show but a few decorative patterns. Only some identified ornamental drawings and the collection of prints of Raphael’s loggias enable one to recognize some of the models for the executed decors. As regards the decorative compositions created by the contemporains — prints or decors — one can also notice that they were taken up again by other artists. However, evaluating the diffusion of these models is rather delicate, owing to the few informations concerning the publication dates of the prints and the ownership of the decorative patterns. Lebeurre Alexia. Le « genre arabesque » : nature et diffusion des modèles dans le décor intérieur à Paris, 1760-1790. In: Histoire de l'art, N°42-43, 1998. Architecture et décor. pp. 83-98.

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    Histoire de l art
    Article . 1998 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Pioffet, Hélène; Ard, Vincent;

    The British Neolithic transition, occurring around 4000 BC, at least one millennium after the continental part of Northwest Europe, is still subject to important debate these days. Various studies suggest that the Neolithic start involved farming immigrants from various parts of the Continent. However, ceramics of the Early Neolithic of Britain became increasingly distinct from their Continental roots, particularly in the Southwest and Southeast of England. We recently completed two important projects, one on Early Neolithic British and Irish pottery and the other on Peterborough Ware, integrating a new way of considering these early productions through a technological approach and the observation of various steps of the chaîne opératoire. This paper is the opportunity to present preliminary results which shed a new light on the evolution of pottery wares during the fourth millennium BC in Southern Britain. It specifically highlights strong connections between Early Neolithic and Middle Neolithic pottery, in terms of style, but above in terms of manufacturing techniques.

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    Archeologické Rozhledy
    Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Dumons, Bruno;

    En choisissant de mettre à l’honneur des citoyens modèles, notamment grâce à la technique des décorations, la Troisième République a recours à une pédagogie par l’exemple pour installer durablement une culture méritocratique dans la société française. Pour cela, elle invente de nouvelles médailles tout en s’appropriant celles qui avaient été créées sous les régimes précédents comme la plus prestigieuse d’entre elles : la Légion d’Honneur (1802). Si l’historiographie des usages symboliques de la République a été rendue solide avec les travaux de Maurice Agulhon sur la Provence, moins connues sont ces « élites de l’honneur » dont les archives publiques ont conservé les traces. En explorant le célèbre « Var rouge », il nous a été permis de cerner le profil de ces élites méditerranéennes que l’État républicain a souhaité honorer entre 1870 et 1940. Parmi celles-ci, se distingue la catégorie des maires, en particulier ces « bons maires » qui œuvrent pour la « républicanisation » de la société. Ce sont quelques-unes de ces personnalités qui seront présentées dans ce chapitre. In designating model citizens through processes like decorations, the French Third Republic set examples to establish a culture of meritocracy in French society. It invented new medals and appropriated existing ones created by former regimes, including the most prestigious of all: the Légion d’Honneur (1802).Although the historiography of the Republic’s symbolic practices has been augmented by Maurice Agulhon’s works on Provence, this “elite of honour” whose trace remained in public archives is not well known. We explored the “Var rouge” (the predominantly left-wing Var département) to study the profiles of this Mediterranean elite which was honoured by the Republican state between 1870 and 1940. These include the category of mayors, in particular the “bons maires” who contributed to the “republicanisation” of society. This chapter presents a few of these personalities.

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    Article . 2017
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    Cahiers de la Méditerranée
    Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
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      Article . 2017
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      Cahiers de la Méditerranée
      Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
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  • Authors: Khair, Khadija;

    À partir du XIXe siècle, des soieries ottomanes, produites entre le XVIe et le XVIIe siècle, entrent dans des collections européennes, notamment françaises. Peu étudiés, ces ouvrages continuent de susciter de nombreuses interrogations, ainsi qu’une admiration portée aussi bien sur les tonalités de leurs coloris que sur la qualité de leur décor.Aussi, dès leur entrée dans certaines collections, ces étoffes ont fait l’objet de nouveaux usages, notamment auprès d’industriels, comme outil de production. Avec le temps, et au dépend de leur conception, qui jadis était régit par une norme, ces usages postérieurs sont devenus peu à peu assujettissants jusqu’à faire force de loi ; dès lors, l’intelligibilité de ces sources, en tant que témoignage d’un passé ottoman s’en trouve modifiée, la rendant contingente voire caduque.Afin de rattacher chacune des fonctions à la place qui lui revient, un rééquilibrage entre les statuts, aussi bien en tant que sources ottomanes, que post-ottomanes demeure nécessaire.C’est pourquoi, une méthodologie est proposée qui consiste à faire « parler » ces soieries à travers leur technicité. Et c’est seulement, que l’on pourra objectivement appréhender le regard à postériori, porté sur ces témoignages aux passés pluriels. From 19th century onwards Ottoman silks produced between the 16th and 17th centuries are collected in European collections mostly French. Those understudied volumes are still raising several questions as well as admiration towards the shades of colors along with the richness of their decoration.Those fabrics underwent new uses in particular among manufacturers as production tools since their listing in some collections. As time went by, at the expense of their design who was once regulated by norms those subsequent uses were enforced by legislation until it became mandatory. Since then, their root intelligibility as a past Ottoman testimony has changed: making it contingent or even null and void.A rebalancing between its statutes equally as Ottoman roots than as Post-Ottoman is essential in order for every function to relate to its rightful place.Thus, a methodology whose main issue is to allow those silks ’’to voice out’’ through their technicality is suggested. Only then will we be able to objectively seize the view on those rich testimonies from the past.

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    Authors: Boislève, Julien; Cayn, Philippe; Tendron, Graziella; Fuchs, Michel E.;

    A large “ domus” with its ornamental garden both dating back to the first half of 1st century A. D. have recently been discovered in the course of the archeological excavations carried out in the Clérisseau district of the city of Nîmes in the Gard region. Thirty or so various spaces laid out in a rather atypical fashion have been uncovered thus enabling us to identify some decorated ornamental tiling (mosaïcs, “ opus sectile”) set during the second occupation of the site between 70 and 80 A. D. Several sets of mural paintings were also discovered there. Analyzing their decorations helped interpret the basic architecture of the building, apparently closely linked to the decoration ; it also gave us indications as to the lay out of the various rooms of the whole. À l’occasion des fouilles menées dans le quartier Clérisseau à Nîmes (Gard), une vaste domus et son jardin d’agrément, créés dans la première moitié du Ier s. ap. J.-C., ont été mis au jour. Le dégagement d’une trentaine d’espaces qui compose un plan atypique pour la cité nîmoise a permis l’identification de pavements décorés (mosaïques, opus sectile), installés durant le second état d’occupation du site entre 70 et 80 ap. J.-C. Plusieurs lots de peintures murales ont également été découverts. L’analyse de leurs décors a facilité l’interprétation des composantes architecturales du bâtiment, dont la fonction semble intimement liée à la décoration, et renseigné également sur le volume, la disposition et les itinéraires des pièces concernées. Boislève Julien, Cayn Philippe, Tendron Graziella, E. Fichs Michel. Les fouilles du quartier Clérisseau à Nîmes : analyse des décors d’une vaste domus. In: Revue archéologique de Narbonnaise, tome 45, 2012. pp. 257-291.

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    Other literature type . 2013
    Revue archéologique de Narbonnaise
    Article . 2012 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: delage, richard; Séguier, Jean-Marc;

    Une des vaisselles moulées en céramique sigillée mise au jour sur le site du “ Port aux Pierres ” à Saint-Sauveur-lès-Bray (Seine-et-Marne), porte une estampille au nom de CRACINA. Il s’agit d’un potier ayant travaillé à Lezoux (Puy-de-Dôme), connu jusqu’à présent pour être un potier tourneur. La découverte de ce vase et d’autres, restés jusqu’à présent inédits, permet de mettre en lumière son activité de décorateur, en lien avec l’officine de BANVVS I One of the terra sigillata moulded bowls found at Saint-Sauveur-lès-Bray (Seine-et-Marne), “Port aux pierres”, bears a stamp with the name CRACINA. This potter was working at Lezoux (Puy-de-Dôme) and up to now is known as a potter who makes wheel-thrown pots. The discovery of this vessel and others, which has remained unpublished until now, reveals a new aspect of his work as a decorator linked to BANVVS I.

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    Article . 2010
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    Article . 2010
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      Article . 2010
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      Article . 2010
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    Authors: Rouzeau, B.; Bocquet-Lienard, Anne; Moulis, C.;

    Les fouilles programmées réalisées à l’abbaye de Morimond entre 2004 et 2011 ont livré un lot de carreaux de pavement exhumés dans divers niveaux de remblais issus de bâtiments du quartier des hôtes. Les cisterciens de Morimond, comme c’est l’usage dans les autres résidences monastiques et aristocratiques du XIIe au XVIe siècle, ont choisi des motifs variés pour les sols de leurs bâtiments. Leur étude métrologique et archéométrique permet de distinguer clairement des groupes techniques et d’en associer certains aux argilières exploitées près de la tuilerie monastique. L’étude comparative des motifs connus dans l’ordre cistercien et dans des bâtiments de la moitié nord de la France montre peu de similitudes et suggère que l’atelier de Morimond, qui a fourni l’abbaye, a eu une production originale. Excavation of the Abbey of Morimond between 2004 and 2011 revealed a set of floor tiles discovered in different levels of filling from buildings in the guest quarter. As was customary in other monastic and aristocratic residences from the 12th to 16th centuries, the Cistercians of Morimond chose different motifs for the floors of their buildings. Metrological and archaeometric study clearly disclosed the batches made using the same technique and allowed some of them to be associated with clay pits near the monastic tilery. Comparison of the motifs known in the Cistercian order and the north of France revealed few similarities and suggests that the Morimond workshop, which supplied the abbey, designed its own tiles. Bei den in der Abtei von Morimond zwischen 2004 und 2011 durchgeführten Grabungen wurde aus unterschiedlichen Schuttschichten der Gebäude des Gästequartiers ein Posten Bodenfließen freigelegt. Die Zisterzienser von Morimond haben, wie es in den klösterlichen und fürstlichen Residenzen des 12. bis 16. Jahrhunderts allgemein üblich war, unterschiedliche Motive für die Böden ihrer Gebäude ausgewählt. Die metrologische und archäometrische Studie der Bodenfließen erlaubt es, die technischen Gruppen klar zu unterscheiden und einige den in der Nähe der klösterlichen Ziegelbrennerei ausgebeuteten Tongruben zuzuordnen. Der Vergleich mit den im Orden der Zisterzienser und den Klöstern Nordfrankreichs bekannten Motive weist wenig Ähnlichkeiten auf und legt nahe, dass die Werkstatt von Morimond, welche die Abtei beliefert hat, eine eigenständige Produktion besaß.

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    OpenEdition
    Article . 2014
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    Authors: Froissart, Rossella; van Tilburg, Merel;

    Au passage du xixe siècle, la remise en question des frontières entre beaux-arts et arts appliqués rendent plausible une « renaissance » de la tapisserie. Les relations complexes que cet art entretient avec la peinture, l’architecture et, à partir des années 1960, la sculpture, sont vivement discutées, dans une recherche inlassable des lois qui en consacreraient l’autonomie esthétique. Muralité, structuration colorée de la surface, significations symboliques, qualités fonctionnelles ou création d’un environnement spatial : c’est à partir de ces critères que les productions du passé sont appelées à dialoguer avec l’École de Paris, le modernisme et le post-modernisme. En France, le prestige des Manufactures nationales et des ateliers creusois maintient le renouveau à l’intérieur des limites d’un rapport hiérarchique peintre/lissier qui se manifeste par l’essor extraordinaire de la production des années 1950 et 1960. En Allemagne, dans les pays de l’Europe de l’Est et aux États-Unis, le paradigme pictural laisse la place à une réflexion qui, partant des pratiques du Bauhaus, replace paradoxalement le medium textile au sein du champ des « beaux-arts ». In the late nineteenth century the questioning of divisions between the fine and applied arts enabled a “renaissance” in tapestry. Subsequently this art’s complex relations with painting, architecture and – from the 1960s – sculpture were hotly debated in an endless quest for laws that would give tapestry aesthetic autonomy. Through criteria such as murality, the structuring of surface through color, symbolic meanings, functional qualities and the creation of a spatial environment, the creations of the past were brought into dialogue with the Paris School, modernism and post-modernism. In France the prestige of the Manufactures nationales and the workshops of the Creuse contained the revival within the bounds of a hierarchical relationship between painter and weaver, reflected in the extraordinary expansion of production in the 1950s and 1960s. Meanwhile in Germany, Eastern Europe and the United States, the pictorial paradigm gave way to ideas based on the practices of the Bauhaus, paradoxically relocating the textile medium within the “fine art” field.

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    Perspective
    Article
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    HAL AMU
    Article . 2016
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    HAL AMU
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    Perspective
    Article . 2016 . Peer-reviewed
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  • Authors: Ihl, Olivier;

    International audience; This article focuses on the findings of a study of titles and honors in twentiethcentury France, in which these signs are analyzed as a government technique in their own right. This paper shows how, transformed into a state emulation, a style of bureaucratic authority was created, a mode of coercion that favored an impersonal style of control over and between various corps of administrators, artists, managers, journalists, or elected representatives. A government technique was constituted in the distribution of the croix de la légion d'honneur, the most famous of these decorations––one with a conception of exemplarity (that of marks of distinction serving as a model for behaviors transcending the frame of legal obligations) and an emphasis on the soundness of behaviors, the guarantee and objective of a policy of conduct openly intended to replace the policy of rights or classes inherited from the French Revolution. Philosophers and intellectuals were to transform this intuition into a political paradigm: virtue can also, in its own way, be a rule of policing. Rationalized by a fast-growing bureaucracy, these marks of grandeur that constituted a means of emulation have now been trivialized to the extent of no longer being analyzed as such. Reconsidering the conditions in which they operate, this article proposes an interpretation of uses and functions through which the decoration invented by Napoléon spawned an administration of honors, the crucible of a full-blown government science.

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    Authors: Thote, Alain;

    Tomb No. 1 at Leigudun, Suizhou, in Hubei province, where more than two hundred lacquer pieces have been excavated, provides an excellent example of the existing techniques during the 5th century B.C.: lacquer could be applied on wood as well as on metal, leather and silk threads. But most of the pieces were carved in a single wood block or were composed of many carved wood blocks which were joined together with the tenon and mortise method. During the fourth century B.C., various lacquer techniques were created while the existing techniques improved considerably. More efficient tools allow wood to be cut in very thin sheets and to be curved. It becomes possible to make light cylindrical vessels or containers, which in some cases are strengthened with metal mounts. Another technique which is called jiazhu consists of making a core with cloth on which many layers of lacquer possibly mixed with charcoal or mud powder are applied. For chemical and physiological reasons, only a few pigments can be mixed with lacquer. As a result, lacquer objects are mostly decorated in black and red (cinnabar), and for some pieces in yellow and gold. But, during the 4th century B.C., the craftmen succeeded in using other pigments mixed with glue and lacquer. This fact is documented by a few luxurious pieces which apparently are not of pure funerary use. The archaeological material from the hundreds of tombs discovered in the area of the capital of Chu, near Jiangling, provides an excellent account of the Chu lacquer production until the beginning of the 3rd century B.C. It reveals that from the 4th century B.C. onwards, lacquerware became an exceptional decorative art which could in many cases compete with major arts like painting for example. Thote Alain. Innovations techniques et diversification des commandes : l'artisanat du laque en Chine aux Ve-IVe siècles avant J.-C.. In: Arts asiatiques, tome 45, 1990. pp. 76-89.

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    Arts asiatiques
    Article . 1990 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Lebeurre, Alexia;

    The « arabesque genre » : nature and diffusion of the models in the Parisian interior decor, 1760-1790. Among the main inspiration sources of the neo-classical arabesque decorations — Antiquity, Renaissance, and the ornemanists miscellanies — it is difficult to distinguish the models used by the parisian decorators. Most of the portfolios achieved by the artists during their tour in Italy were dispersed and the publications devoted to Antiquity and Renaissance show but a few decorative patterns. Only some identified ornamental drawings and the collection of prints of Raphael’s loggias enable one to recognize some of the models for the executed decors. As regards the decorative compositions created by the contemporains — prints or decors — one can also notice that they were taken up again by other artists. However, evaluating the diffusion of these models is rather delicate, owing to the few informations concerning the publication dates of the prints and the ownership of the decorative patterns. Lebeurre Alexia. Le « genre arabesque » : nature et diffusion des modèles dans le décor intérieur à Paris, 1760-1790. In: Histoire de l'art, N°42-43, 1998. Architecture et décor. pp. 83-98.

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    Histoire de l art
    Article . 1998 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Pioffet, Hélène; Ard, Vincent;

    The British Neolithic transition, occurring around 4000 BC, at least one millennium after the continental part of Northwest Europe, is still subject to important debate these days. Various studies suggest that the Neolithic start involved farming immigrants from various parts of the Continent. However, ceramics of the Early Neolithic of Britain became increasingly distinct from their Continental roots, particularly in the Southwest and Southeast of England. We recently completed two important projects, one on Early Neolithic British and Irish pottery and the other on Peterborough Ware, integrating a new way of considering these early productions through a technological approach and the observation of various steps of the chaîne opératoire. This paper is the opportunity to present preliminary results which shed a new light on the evolution of pottery wares during the fourth millennium BC in Southern Britain. It specifically highlights strong connections between Early Neolithic and Middle Neolithic pottery, in terms of style, but above in terms of manufacturing techniques.

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    Archeologické Rozhledy
    Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Dumons, Bruno;

    En choisissant de mettre à l’honneur des citoyens modèles, notamment grâce à la technique des décorations, la Troisième République a recours à une pédagogie par l’exemple pour installer durablement une culture méritocratique dans la société française. Pour cela, elle invente de nouvelles médailles tout en s’appropriant celles qui avaient été créées sous les régimes précédents comme la plus prestigieuse d’entre elles : la Légion d’Honneur (1802). Si l’historiographie des usages symboliques de la République a été rendue solide avec les travaux de Maurice Agulhon sur la Provence, moins connues sont ces « élites de l’honneur » dont les archives publiques ont conservé les traces. En explorant le célèbre « Var rouge », il nous a été permis de cerner le profil de ces élites méditerranéennes que l’État républicain a souhaité honorer entre 1870 et 1940. Parmi celles-ci, se distingue la catégorie des maires, en particulier ces « bons maires » qui œuvrent pour la « républicanisation » de la société. Ce sont quelques-unes de ces personnalités qui seront présentées dans ce chapitre. In designating model citizens through processes like decorations, the French Third Republic set examples to establish a culture of meritocracy in French society. It invented new medals and appropriated existing ones created by former regimes, including the most prestigious of all: the Légion d’Honneur (1802).Although the historiography of the Republic’s symbolic practices has been augmented by Maurice Agulhon’s works on Provence, this “elite of honour” whose trace remained in public archives is not well known. We explored the “Var rouge” (the predominantly left-wing Var département) to study the profiles of this Mediterranean elite which was honoured by the Republican state between 1870 and 1940. These include the category of mayors, in particular the “bons maires” who contributed to the “republicanisation” of society. This chapter presents a few of these personalities.

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    OpenEdition
    Article . 2017
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    Cahiers de la Méditerranée
    Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
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      OpenEdition
      Article . 2017
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      Cahiers de la Méditerranée
      Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
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  • Authors: Khair, Khadija;

    À partir du XIXe siècle, des soieries ottomanes, produites entre le XVIe et le XVIIe siècle, entrent dans des collections européennes, notamment françaises. Peu étudiés, ces ouvrages continuent de susciter de nombreuses interrogations, ainsi qu’une admiration portée aussi bien sur les tonalités de leurs coloris que sur la qualité de leur décor.Aussi, dès leur entrée dans certaines collections, ces étoffes ont fait l’objet de nouveaux usages, notamment auprès d’industriels, comme outil de production. Avec le temps, et au dépend de leur conception, qui jadis était régit par une norme, ces usages postérieurs sont devenus peu à peu assujettissants jusqu’à faire force de loi ; dès lors, l’intelligibilité de ces sources, en tant que témoignage d’un passé ottoman s’en trouve modifiée, la rendant contingente voire caduque.Afin de rattacher chacune des fonctions à la place qui lui revient, un rééquilibrage entre les statuts, aussi bien en tant que sources ottomanes, que post-ottomanes demeure nécessaire.C’est pourquoi, une méthodologie est proposée qui consiste à faire « parler » ces soieries à travers leur technicité. Et c’est seulement, que l’on pourra objectivement appréhender le regard à postériori, porté sur ces témoignages aux passés pluriels. From 19th century onwards Ottoman silks produced between the 16th and 17th centuries are collected in European collections mostly French. Those understudied volumes are still raising several questions as well as admiration towards the shades of colors along with the richness of their decoration.Those fabrics underwent new uses in particular among manufacturers as production tools since their listing in some collections. As time went by, at the expense of their design who was once regulated by norms those subsequent uses were enforced by legislation until it became mandatory. Since then, their root intelligibility as a past Ottoman testimony has changed: making it contingent or even null and void.A rebalancing between its statutes equally as Ottoman roots than as Post-Ottoman is essential in order for every function to relate to its rightful place.Thus, a methodology whose main issue is to allow those silks ’’to voice out’’ through their technicality is suggested. Only then will we be able to objectively seize the view on those rich testimonies from the past.

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    Authors: Boislève, Julien; Cayn, Philippe; Tendron, Graziella; Fuchs, Michel E.;

    A large “ domus” with its ornamental garden both dating back to the first half of 1st century A. D. have recently been discovered in the course of the archeological excavations carried out in the Clérisseau district of the city of Nîmes in the Gard region. Thirty or so various spaces laid out in a rather atypical fashion have been uncovered thus enabling us to identify some decorated ornamental tiling (mosaïcs, “ opus sectile”) set during the second occupation of the site between 70 and 80 A. D. Several sets of mural paintings were also discovered there. Analyzing their decorations helped interpret the basic architecture of the building, apparently closely linked to the decoration ; it also gave us indications as to the lay out of the various rooms of the whole. À l’occasion des fouilles menées dans le quartier Clérisseau à Nîmes (Gard), une vaste domus et son jardin d’agrément, créés dans la première moitié du Ier s. ap. J.-C., ont été mis au jour. Le dégagement d’une trentaine d’espaces qui compose un plan atypique pour la cité nîmoise a permis l’identification de pavements décorés (mosaïques, opus sectile), installés durant le second état d’occupation du site entre 70 et 80 ap. J.-C. Plusieurs lots de peintures murales ont également été découverts. L’analyse de leurs décors a facilité l’interprétation des composantes architecturales du bâtiment, dont la fonction semble intimement liée à la décoration, et renseigné également sur le volume, la disposition et les itinéraires des pièces concernées. Boislève Julien, Cayn Philippe, Tendron Graziella, E. Fichs Michel. Les fouilles du quartier Clérisseau à Nîmes : analyse des décors d’une vaste domus. In: Revue archéologique de Narbonnaise, tome 45, 2012. pp. 257-291.

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    Hyper Article en Ligne
    Other literature type . 2013
    Revue archéologique de Narbonnaise
    Article . 2012 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: delage, richard; Séguier, Jean-Marc;

    Une des vaisselles moulées en céramique sigillée mise au jour sur le site du “ Port aux Pierres ” à Saint-Sauveur-lès-Bray (Seine-et-Marne), porte une estampille au nom de CRACINA. Il s’agit d’un potier ayant travaillé à Lezoux (Puy-de-Dôme), connu jusqu’à présent pour être un potier tourneur. La découverte de ce vase et d’autres, restés jusqu’à présent inédits, permet de mettre en lumière son activité de décorateur, en lien avec l’officine de BANVVS I One of the terra sigillata moulded bowls found at Saint-Sauveur-lès-Bray (Seine-et-Marne), “Port aux pierres”, bears a stamp with the name CRACINA. This potter was working at Lezoux (Puy-de-Dôme) and up to now is known as a potter who makes wheel-thrown pots. The discovery of this vessel and others, which has remained unpublished until now, reveals a new aspect of his work as a decorator linked to BANVVS I.

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    Article . 2010
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    Article . 2010
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      Article . 2010
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      Article . 2010
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    Authors: Rouzeau, B.; Bocquet-Lienard, Anne; Moulis, C.;

    Les fouilles programmées réalisées à l’abbaye de Morimond entre 2004 et 2011 ont livré un lot de carreaux de pavement exhumés dans divers niveaux de remblais issus de bâtiments du quartier des hôtes. Les cisterciens de Morimond, comme c’est l’usage dans les autres résidences monastiques et aristocratiques du XIIe au XVIe siècle, ont choisi des motifs variés pour les sols de leurs bâtiments. Leur étude métrologique et archéométrique permet de distinguer clairement des groupes techniques et d’en associer certains aux argilières exploitées près de la tuilerie monastique. L’étude comparative des motifs connus dans l’ordre cistercien et dans des bâtiments de la moitié nord de la France montre peu de similitudes et suggère que l’atelier de Morimond, qui a fourni l’abbaye, a eu une production originale. Excavation of the Abbey of Morimond between 2004 and 2011 revealed a set of floor tiles discovered in different levels of filling from buildings in the guest quarter. As was customary in other monastic and aristocratic residences from the 12th to 16th centuries, the Cistercians of Morimond chose different motifs for the floors of their buildings. Metrological and archaeometric study clearly disclosed the batches made using the same technique and allowed some of them to be associated with clay pits near the monastic tilery. Comparison of the motifs known in the Cistercian order and the north of France revealed few similarities and suggests that the Morimond workshop, which supplied the abbey, designed its own tiles. Bei den in der Abtei von Morimond zwischen 2004 und 2011 durchgeführten Grabungen wurde aus unterschiedlichen Schuttschichten der Gebäude des Gästequartiers ein Posten Bodenfließen freigelegt. Die Zisterzienser von Morimond haben, wie es in den klösterlichen und fürstlichen Residenzen des 12. bis 16. Jahrhunderts allgemein üblich war, unterschiedliche Motive für die Böden ihrer Gebäude ausgewählt. Die metrologische und archäometrische Studie der Bodenfließen erlaubt es, die technischen Gruppen klar zu unterscheiden und einige den in der Nähe der klösterlichen Ziegelbrennerei ausgebeuteten Tongruben zuzuordnen. Der Vergleich mit den im Orden der Zisterzienser und den Klöstern Nordfrankreichs bekannten Motive weist wenig Ähnlichkeiten auf und legt nahe, dass die Werkstatt von Morimond, welche die Abtei beliefert hat, eine eigenständige Produktion besaß.

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    OpenEdition
    Article . 2014
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    Authors: Froissart, Rossella; van Tilburg, Merel;

    Au passage du xixe siècle, la remise en question des frontières entre beaux-arts et arts appliqués rendent plausible une « renaissance » de la tapisserie. Les relations complexes que cet art entretient avec la peinture, l’architecture et, à partir des années 1960, la sculpture, sont vivement discutées, dans une recherche inlassable des lois qui en consacreraient l’autonomie esthétique. Muralité, structuration colorée de la surface, significations symboliques, qualités fonctionnelles ou création d’un environnement spatial : c’est à partir de ces critères que les productions du passé sont appelées à dialoguer avec l’École de Paris, le modernisme et le post-modernisme. En France, le prestige des Manufactures nationales et des ateliers creusois maintient le renouveau à l’intérieur des limites d’un rapport hiérarchique peintre/lissier qui se manifeste par l’essor extraordinaire de la production des années 1950 et 1960. En Allemagne, dans les pays de l’Europe de l’Est et aux États-Unis, le paradigme pictural laisse la place à une réflexion qui, partant des pratiques du Bauhaus, replace paradoxalement le medium textile au sein du champ des « beaux-arts ». In the late nineteenth century the questioning of divisions between the fine and applied arts enabled a “renaissance” in tapestry. Subsequently this art’s complex relations with painting, architecture and – from the 1960s – sculpture were hotly debated in an endless quest for laws that would give tapestry aesthetic autonomy. Through criteria such as murality, the structuring of surface through color, symbolic meanings, functional qualities and the creation of a spatial environment, the creations of the past were brought into dialogue with the Paris School, modernism and post-modernism. In France the prestige of the Manufactures nationales and the workshops of the Creuse contained the revival within the bounds of a hierarchical relationship between painter and weaver, reflected in the extraordinary expansion of production in the 1950s and 1960s. Meanwhile in Germany, Eastern Europe and the United States, the pictorial paradigm gave way to ideas based on the practices of the Bauhaus, paradoxically relocating the textile medium within the “fine art” field.

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    HAL AMU
    Article . 2016
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    Article . 2016 . Peer-reviewed
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  • Authors: Ihl, Olivier;

    International audience; This article focuses on the findings of a study of titles and honors in twentiethcentury France, in which these signs are analyzed as a government technique in their own right. This paper shows how, transformed into a state emulation, a style of bureaucratic authority was created, a mode of coercion that favored an impersonal style of control over and between various corps of administrators, artists, managers, journalists, or elected representatives. A government technique was constituted in the distribution of the croix de la légion d'honneur, the most famous of these decorations––one with a conception of exemplarity (that of marks of distinction serving as a model for behaviors transcending the frame of legal obligations) and an emphasis on the soundness of behaviors, the guarantee and objective of a policy of conduct openly intended to replace the policy of rights or classes inherited from the French Revolution. Philosophers and intellectuals were to transform this intuition into a political paradigm: virtue can also, in its own way, be a rule of policing. Rationalized by a fast-growing bureaucracy, these marks of grandeur that constituted a means of emulation have now been trivialized to the extent of no longer being analyzed as such. Reconsidering the conditions in which they operate, this article proposes an interpretation of uses and functions through which the decoration invented by Napoléon spawned an administration of honors, the crucible of a full-blown government science.

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    Authors: Thote, Alain;

    Tomb No. 1 at Leigudun, Suizhou, in Hubei province, where more than two hundred lacquer pieces have been excavated, provides an excellent example of the existing techniques during the 5th century B.C.: lacquer could be applied on wood as well as on metal, leather and silk threads. But most of the pieces were carved in a single wood block or were composed of many carved wood blocks which were joined together with the tenon and mortise method. During the fourth century B.C., various lacquer techniques were created while the existing techniques improved considerably. More efficient tools allow wood to be cut in very thin sheets and to be curved. It becomes possible to make light cylindrical vessels or containers, which in some cases are strengthened with metal mounts. Another technique which is called jiazhu consists of making a core with cloth on which many layers of lacquer possibly mixed with charcoal or mud powder are applied. For chemical and physiological reasons, only a few pigments can be mixed with lacquer. As a result, lacquer objects are mostly decorated in black and red (cinnabar), and for some pieces in yellow and gold. But, during the 4th century B.C., the craftmen succeeded in using other pigments mixed with glue and lacquer. This fact is documented by a few luxurious pieces which apparently are not of pure funerary use. The archaeological material from the hundreds of tombs discovered in the area of the capital of Chu, near Jiangling, provides an excellent account of the Chu lacquer production until the beginning of the 3rd century B.C. It reveals that from the 4th century B.C. onwards, lacquerware became an exceptional decorative art which could in many cases compete with major arts like painting for example. Thote Alain. Innovations techniques et diversification des commandes : l'artisanat du laque en Chine aux Ve-IVe siècles avant J.-C.. In: Arts asiatiques, tome 45, 1990. pp. 76-89.

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    Arts asiatiques
    Article . 1990 . Peer-reviewed
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