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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 1962Publisher:ASME International Authors: Y. Bocharov; Shiro Kobayashi; Erich G. Thomsen;Y. Bocharov; Shiro Kobayashi; Erich G. Thomsen;doi: 10.1115/1.3667555
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1115/1.3667555&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1115/1.3667555&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 1997Publisher:American Geophysical Union (AGU) Authors: Nancy R. Grindlay; Paul Mann; James F. Dolan;Nancy R. Grindlay; Paul Mann; James F. Dolan;doi: 10.1029/97eo00262
A 23‐day marine geophysical expedition in the summer of 1996 revealed a previously unidentified strike‐slip fault zone within 60–100 km of the densely populated northern coast of Puerto Rico. The purpose of the expedition, which was held aboard the U.S. research vessel Maurice Ewing, was to map the northeastern portion of the North America Caribbean plate boundary.The 3000‐km‐long North America‐Caribbean plate boundary stretches from Guatemala to the Lesser Antilles arc. The dominantly left‐lateral strike‐slip boundary accommodates slow (1–2.6 cm/yr) eastward motion of the Caribbean plate relative to North America. Distributed interplate motion in the region generates large earthquakes (Figure 1, inset). In 1976, an M 7.5 left‐lateral, strike‐slip earthquake in Guatemala killed approximately 23,000 people and left a quarter of the nation's population homeless.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1029/97eo00262&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 29 citations 29 popularity Average influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1029/97eo00262&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 1990Publisher:Wiley Authors: Michelle J. White;Michelle J. White;In this paper, a simulation model of commuting behavior in a metropolitan area with decentralized employment and congestion is developed. The model is used to explore the linkage between the dispersed land use patterns in U.S. cities and long commuting journeys which cause congestion and air pollution. The results show that increasing the number of suburban subcenters in a metropolitan area could reduce commuting by 15% to 50%. However, only about one quarter of total urban travel is for commuting. Therefore the reduction in total urban travel that could be expected to result from even drastic policy measures to decentralize employment would probably be low—perhaps as small as 5%. Data are also presented giving private versus social costs of commuting per mile in central cities and suburbs.
Real Estate Economic... arrow_drop_down Real Estate EconomicsArticle . 1990 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Wiley Online Library User AgreementData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1111/1540-6229.00527&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 13 citations 13 popularity Average influence Top 10% impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert Real Estate Economic... arrow_drop_down Real Estate EconomicsArticle . 1990 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Wiley Online Library User AgreementData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1111/1540-6229.00527&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2019Publisher:American Geophysical Union (AGU) Funded by:ARC | Discovery Projects - Gran...ARC| Discovery Projects - Grant ID: DP170100224Authors: Shin-Chan Han; Jeanne Sauber; Fred F. Pollitz; Richard D. Ray;Shin-Chan Han; Jeanne Sauber; Fred F. Pollitz; Richard D. Ray;doi: 10.1029/2018jb017110
AbstractThe Samoan islands are an archipelago hosting a quarter million people mostly residing in three major islands, Savai'i and Upolu (Samoa), and Tutuila (American Samoa). The islands have experienced sea level rise by 2–3 mm/year during the last half century. The rate, however, has dramatically increased following the Mw 8.1 Samoa‐Tonga earthquake doublet (megathrust + normal faulting) in September 2009. Since the earthquake, we found large‐scale gravity increase (0.5 μGal/year) around the islands and ongoing subsidence (8–16 mm/year) of the islands from our analysis of Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment gravity and GPS displacement data. The postseismic horizontal displacement is faster in Samoa, while the postseismic subsidence rate is considerably larger in American Samoa. The analysis of local tide gauge records and satellite altimeter data also identified that the relative sea level rise becomes faster by 7–9 mm/year in American Samoa than Samoa. A simple viscoelastic model with a Maxwell viscosity of 2–3×1018 Pa s for the asthenosphere explained postseismic deformation at nearby GPS sites as well as Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment gravity change. It is found that the constructive interference of viscoelastic relaxation from both megathrust and normal faulting has intensified the postseismic subsidence at American Samoa, causing ~5 times faster sea level rise than the global average. Our model indicates that this trend is likely to continue for decades and result in sea level rise of 30–40 cm, which is independent of and in addition to anticipated climate‐related sea level rise. It will worsen coastal flooding on the islands leading to regular nuisance flooding.
Journal of Geophysic... arrow_drop_down Journal of Geophysical Research Solid EarthArticle . 2019 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BY NC NDData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1029/2018jb017110&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routeshybrid 15 citations 15 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert Journal of Geophysic... arrow_drop_down Journal of Geophysical Research Solid EarthArticle . 2019 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BY NC NDData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1029/2018jb017110&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2013 United StatesPublisher:California Digital Library (CDL) Authors: Henning Adsersen;Henning Adsersen;Announcements ISSN 1948‐6596 A remarkable anniversary: Surtsey becomes 50 years old Every year there is a lot of round anniversaries to celebrate, and 2013 is no exception. Opera fans celebrate Wagner and Verdi, and we biogeogra‐ phers highlight Wallace and the MacArthur– Wilson plot. There is a round anniversary of another kind in 2013. It is 50 years since Surtsey emerged from the sea, in the Vestmanna Archipelago south of Iceland. I still remember the excitement in the press and the extraordinary pictures on black‐and‐ white television. But after a certain time the inter‐ est seemed to dwindle a bit, and in the interna‐ tional press (journalistic as well as scientific) re‐ ports from Surtsey became rather rare. This is strange for at least two reasons. One is that Surtsey was born right in the middle of the debate on two of the most important paradigms in the twentieth century: that of plate tectonics and that on island biogeography. And for both fields the processes on Surtsey yield unique evi‐ dence for the theories. The other reason is that Surtsey was not left alone. Our Icelandic col‐ leagues within geology, geomorphology, oceanog‐ raphy and biology have carefully and meticulously followed the island, and, through repeated and systematic surveys, they have built up a wealth of data on the infancy of an island. They have care‐ fully reported their observations (for example there is a long series of ‘Surtsey Reports’ and a home page where almost everything can be found). But Surtsey does not appear so often in textbooks or reviews as, for example, Galapagos, Krakatau or Hawai’i. Some of the findings are quite extraordi‐ nary. To mention a few: it has been shown that the geochemical transition of volcanic ash to tufa is a question of decades and not of centuries— and erosion of basaltic rocks occurs within the same time scale (Surtsey has lost half of its area already). Furthermore, the build‐up of a plant cover has proved to be rapid: so far roughly 100 species of higher plants have been reported and many of them have disappeared again. This is far more than in the rest of the Vestmanna Archipel‐ ago and around 20% of the entire flora of Iceland. The colonization of birds has also been docu‐ mented and the influence of seabird colonies on vegetation succession has been recorded from scratch. Our Icelandic colleagues have decided to seize the 50 th anniversary as an opportunity both to synthesize the existing knowledge and to com‐ municate it to the international scientific commu‐ nity. They will host an international conference in Reykjavik in August 2013 (12 th –15 th ), focusing on the geological and biological processes on Surtsey. The first and second circulars have been distrib‐ uted, and more information and details can be found on http://www.surtsey.is. The organizers have tried to urge Surt (the equivalent in Nordic mythology to Vulcan/ Hephaistos) to let Surtsey have a younger brother be born just south of El Hierro in the Canary Is‐ lands. He is on the way; let us see whether he makes it in 2013. Henning Adsersen Centre of Macroecology, Evolution, and Climate, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Den‐ mark. adser@bio.ku.dk To post jobs, advertisements, or other announcements please contact the Frontiers of Biogeography editoral office (frontiersofbiogeography@googlemail.com). Advertisements are $50 per quarter page for professional or institutional positions. Announcements are free to members for vacancies in their lab. All advertisements and announcements also appear at no additional cost on the IBS facebook pa‐ ge (in abbreviated form) and on the IBS Blog (in long, or longer form). frontiers of biogeography 5.1, 2013 — © 2013 the authors; journal compilation © 2013 The International Biogeography Society
Frontiers of Biogeog... arrow_drop_down eScholarship - University of CaliforniaArticle . 2013Data sources: eScholarship - University of Californiaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.21425/f5fbg16083&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 1 citations 1 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert Frontiers of Biogeog... arrow_drop_down eScholarship - University of CaliforniaArticle . 2013Data sources: eScholarship - University of Californiaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.21425/f5fbg16083&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2015Publisher:Wiley Authors: Isaac H. McIvor; Thegn N. Ladefoged;Isaac H. McIvor; Thegn N. Ladefoged;doi: 10.1002/arco.5080
ABSTRACTThe duration and mode of occupation of pre‐European Māori living in northern New Zealand was influenced by their subsistence strategies. Our analysis of the surface archaeological remains on Ahuahu (Great Mercury Island, Coromandel) examines how communities practiced horticulture and interacted with their local ecological and social environments through mobility, storage and competition. Focusing on a 300 ha study area in the northern quarter of the island, we use a multi‐scalar land‐unit (LU) approach to categorize the landscape as a continuously varying phenomenon with multiple characteristics. Our results suggest that the largest concentrations of horticultural features were located in areas with high sunlight exposure (insolation), good soils, low slopes and stream access. This patterning indicates that specific areas were probably being targeted for horticultural production, although differential feature preservation and visibility must also be considered. The spatial organisation of storage pits, residential features and fortified locations suggests year‐round occupation of the island, not just summer planting. The heterogeneous characteristics of the landscape influenced the settlement of three particular zones on the island. We suggest that the economic defensibility of these areas would have facilitated territoriality within a socio‐historical context of population fluidity and mobility.
https://onlinelibrar... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1002/arco.5...Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Wiley Online Library User AgreementData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1002/arco.5080&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 10 citations 10 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert https://onlinelibrar... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1002/arco.5...Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Wiley Online Library User AgreementData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1002/arco.5080&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2008Publisher:American Chemical Society (ACS) Authors: Stephen H, Linder; Dritana, Marko; Ken, Sexton;Stephen H, Linder; Dritana, Marko; Ken, Sexton;doi: 10.1021/es072042u
pmid: 18605549
Air toxics are of particular concern in Greater Houston, home to one of the world's largest petrochemical complexes and a quarter ofthe nation's refining capacity. Much of this complex lies along a navigable ship channel that flows 50 miles from east of the central business district through Galveston Bay and into the Gulf of Mexico. Numerous communities, including both poor and affluent neighborhoods, are located in close proximity to the 200 facilities along this channel. Our aim is to examine the spatial distribution of cumulative, air-pollution-related cancer risks in Houston and Harris County, with particular emphasis on identifying ethnic, economic, and social disparities. We employ exposure estimates from NATA-1999 and census data to assess whether the cumulative cancer risks from air toxics in Houston (and Harris County) fall disproportionately on certain ethnicities and on the socially and economically disadvantaged. The cancer risk burden across Harris County census tracts increases with the proportion of residents who are Hispanic and with key indicators of relative social disadvantage. Aggregate disadvantage grows at each higher level of cancer risk. The highest cancer risk in Harris County is concentrated along a corridor flanking the ship channel. These high-risk neighborhoods, however, vary markedly in relative disadvantage, as well as in emission source mix. Much of the risk they face appears to be driven by only a few hazardous air pollutants. Results provide evidence of risk disparities from hazardous air pollution based on ethnicity and social disadvantage. At the highest levels of risk the pattern is more complex, arguing for a neighborhood level of analysis, especially when proximity to high-emissions industries is a substantial contributor to cumulative cancer risk.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1021/es072042u&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 110 citations 110 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1021/es072042u&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2020Publisher:Elsevier BV Rebekah Paci-Green; Adriana Varchetta; Kate McFarlane; Padmini Iyer; Marcel Goyeneche;Abstract Over the last three decades, comprehensive school safety (CSS) has emerged as a guiding framework for disaster risk reduction in the education sector. Yet, little is known about what national-level CSS policies have been developed and implemented globally. In 2017, a CSS Policy Survey was administered in 68 countries. The survey recorded adoption of CSS policies and identified key facilitators and blockers of CSS policy development and implementation. Results indicate that most countries have enacted emergency management policies that address the education sector. Most also have enacted policies for safer school construction, though less than a quarter provide funding for multi-hazard risk assessment and retrofit of weak schools. Less than half limit use of schools as temporary shelters. While about half require schools to carry out emergency drills, less than a quarter include disaster management in teacher training. A quarter include climate change and disaster risk reduction in their school curriculum, but only a few of these countries train teachers in these subjects. Respondents found that evidence of disaster impacts and advocacy were key facilitators for CSS policy enactment. Insufficient funds and technical capacity tended to impede it. Regression analysis found that regional differences and economic ranking correlated with policies to strengthen weak school facilities, but did not correlate with the presence of most other CSS policies. These results help identify contexts in which CSS policy development may be most successful as well as next steps for continued risk reduction in the education sector.
International Journa... arrow_drop_down International Journal of Disaster Risk ReductionArticle . 2020 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101399&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routeshybrid 22 citations 22 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert International Journa... arrow_drop_down International Journal of Disaster Risk ReductionArticle . 2020 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101399&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2000 FrancePublisher:Elsevier BV Authors: Vieira, Mario Ec; Bordalo, Adriano A;Vieira, Mario Ec; Bordalo, Adriano A;Le Douro est un fleuve dont le bassin versant est le plus important de la Péninsule ibérique car il draine 17 % de son territoire. Avec un débit liquide moyen de 480 m3 s–1, le Douro se jette dans l'océan Atlantique à Porto. Le long du cours principal du fleuve, long de 930 km, et de ses tributaires, environ soixante grands barrages hydroélectriques contrôlent le flux d'eau douce arrivant à l'estuaire. L'estuaire mésotidal est actuellement confiné aux derniers 22 km. L'analyse des données (i) de salinité, obtenues entre janvier et décembre 1994 en marée de vive eau, et (ii) de courants durant l'automne 1994, a démontré l'existence d'une intrusion saline liée au débit du fleuve. Une situation de faible débit conduit à une stratification verticale prononcée. Quand le débit augmente, l'eau douce domine dans l'estuaire. Durant l'automne 1994, la marée était proche d'une onde stationnaire avec une amplitude de 2,8 mètres. Cependant, elle n'était pas suffisamment puissante pour perturber la stratification verticale de la colonne d'eau. La friction provoquée par le courant est le mécanisme de mélange le plus important, très active en amont de l'intrusion saline. Trois points nodaux principaux d'arrêt des eaux de mer, conditionnés par la bathymétrie, se localisent à 2,6; 7,5 et 15 km de l'embouchure. L'intrusion saline est donc plus sensible au débit du fleuve qu'à l'action tidale. La pénétration d'eau de mer vers l'amont couvre environ deux tiers de l'estuaire. Le temps de résidence de la masse d'eau dans l'estuaire, estimé a partir d'un modèle de boı̂tes, dépend fortement du débit du fleuve et se situe entre 8 heures au printemps (fort débit) et 16 jours en été (faible débit). The Douro River drains a large part of the Iberian Peninsula before it flows into the Atlantic Ocean in northern Portugal. Although heavily dammed throughout its course, the Douro forms a mesotidal estuary in the last 22 km. Na data had ever been collected in this estuary prior to 1994. An analysis of salinity data measured once a month in 1994 and current data obtained in the fall of 1994 revealed a salt wedge estuary highly dependent on river discharge: strong vertical salinity stratification under conditions of low runoff, whereas during high river flows the whole estuary became a river. The tide in the fall of 1994 was very close to a standing wave throughout the estuary; the tidal range, as high as 2.8 m at spring tides, was not powerful enough to destroy the vertical stratification. Tidal straining prevented mixing within the salt wedge during ebb; however, the column became vertically mixed at the end of hood. The salt wedge became arrested at three favored positions determined by the bathymetry. The salt intrusion, more sensitive to freshwater inflow than to tidal action, penetrated as far as 2/3 of the estuary's length. Residence times were estimated with a box model and were dependent on river discharge; they varied from 8 hours with early spring (March) inflows to 16 days under summer runoff conditions.
ArchiMer - Instituti... arrow_drop_down ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerOther literature type . 2000Data sources: ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of Ifremeradd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/s0399-1784(00)01107-5&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 72 citations 72 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Average Powered by BIP!visibility 29visibility views 29 download downloads 2 Powered bymore_vert ArchiMer - Instituti... arrow_drop_down ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerOther literature type . 2000Data sources: ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of Ifremeradd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2003Publisher:Annual Reviews Authors: Roy L, DeHart;Roy L, DeHart;▪ Abstract Every day in the United States the airline industry boards over 1.7 million passengers for a total of 600 million passengers per year. As these passengers enter the cabin of their aircraft few are aware of the artificial environment that will protect them from the hazards of flight. Passengers are exposed to reduced atmospheric pressure, reduced available oxygen, noise, vibration, and are subject to below zero temperatures that are only a quarter inch away—the thickness of the aircraft's skin. Over the past decade there have been both technical and lay articles written on the perception of poor cabin air quality. Studies have, in part, supported some of those concerns, but, in general, the air quality exceeds that found in most enclosed spaces on terra firma. Since the events of September 11th, passengers have not only been exposed to the physical stress of flight, but also to social and emotional stress preceding departure. There has been a significant increase in air rage on board aircraft, which poses a threat to flight safety and a fear of harm to passengers and crew. The phrase “economy class syndrome” has received popular press attention and refers to the possibility of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the tight confines of an aircraft cabin. Studies have been conducted that demonstrate DVT can occur in flight just as it occurs in other modes of transportation or with prolonged sitting. In part, because of the stress related to commercial flight it is not a mode of transportation for everyone. Certain cardiovascular, pulmonary, and neuropsychiatric conditions are best left on the ground. Although medical problems and death are rare in flight, they do occur, and one major airline reported 1.52 medical diversions per billion revenue passenger miles flown. To provide medical support at 36,000 ft (11,000 m) most airlines now carry on-board medical kits as well as automatic external defibrillators. A recent survey conducted by a major airline revealed that there was at least one physician on 85% of all its flights. Both passenger and cargo aircraft have proven to be vectors of disease in that they transport humans, mosquitoes, and other insects and animals who, in turn, transmit disease. Transmission to other passengers has occurred with tuberculosis and influenza. Vectors for yellow fever, malaria, and dengue have been identified on aircraft. Although there are numerous health issues associated with air travel they pale in comparison to the enormous benefits to the traveler, to commerce, to international affairs, and to the public's health.
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You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 120 citations 120 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 1962Publisher:ASME International Authors: Y. Bocharov; Shiro Kobayashi; Erich G. Thomsen;Y. Bocharov; Shiro Kobayashi; Erich G. Thomsen;doi: 10.1115/1.3667555
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1115/1.3667555&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1115/1.3667555&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 1997Publisher:American Geophysical Union (AGU) Authors: Nancy R. Grindlay; Paul Mann; James F. Dolan;Nancy R. Grindlay; Paul Mann; James F. Dolan;doi: 10.1029/97eo00262
A 23‐day marine geophysical expedition in the summer of 1996 revealed a previously unidentified strike‐slip fault zone within 60–100 km of the densely populated northern coast of Puerto Rico. The purpose of the expedition, which was held aboard the U.S. research vessel Maurice Ewing, was to map the northeastern portion of the North America Caribbean plate boundary.The 3000‐km‐long North America‐Caribbean plate boundary stretches from Guatemala to the Lesser Antilles arc. The dominantly left‐lateral strike‐slip boundary accommodates slow (1–2.6 cm/yr) eastward motion of the Caribbean plate relative to North America. Distributed interplate motion in the region generates large earthquakes (Figure 1, inset). In 1976, an M 7.5 left‐lateral, strike‐slip earthquake in Guatemala killed approximately 23,000 people and left a quarter of the nation's population homeless.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1029/97eo00262&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 29 citations 29 popularity Average influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1029/97eo00262&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 1990Publisher:Wiley Authors: Michelle J. White;Michelle J. White;In this paper, a simulation model of commuting behavior in a metropolitan area with decentralized employment and congestion is developed. The model is used to explore the linkage between the dispersed land use patterns in U.S. cities and long commuting journeys which cause congestion and air pollution. The results show that increasing the number of suburban subcenters in a metropolitan area could reduce commuting by 15% to 50%. However, only about one quarter of total urban travel is for commuting. Therefore the reduction in total urban travel that could be expected to result from even drastic policy measures to decentralize employment would probably be low—perhaps as small as 5%. Data are also presented giving private versus social costs of commuting per mile in central cities and suburbs.
Real Estate Economic... arrow_drop_down Real Estate EconomicsArticle . 1990 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Wiley Online Library User AgreementData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1111/1540-6229.00527&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 13 citations 13 popularity Average influence Top 10% impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert Real Estate Economic... arrow_drop_down Real Estate EconomicsArticle . 1990 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Wiley Online Library User AgreementData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1111/1540-6229.00527&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2019Publisher:American Geophysical Union (AGU) Funded by:ARC | Discovery Projects - Gran...ARC| Discovery Projects - Grant ID: DP170100224Authors: Shin-Chan Han; Jeanne Sauber; Fred F. Pollitz; Richard D. Ray;Shin-Chan Han; Jeanne Sauber; Fred F. Pollitz; Richard D. Ray;doi: 10.1029/2018jb017110
AbstractThe Samoan islands are an archipelago hosting a quarter million people mostly residing in three major islands, Savai'i and Upolu (Samoa), and Tutuila (American Samoa). The islands have experienced sea level rise by 2–3 mm/year during the last half century. The rate, however, has dramatically increased following the Mw 8.1 Samoa‐Tonga earthquake doublet (megathrust + normal faulting) in September 2009. Since the earthquake, we found large‐scale gravity increase (0.5 μGal/year) around the islands and ongoing subsidence (8–16 mm/year) of the islands from our analysis of Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment gravity and GPS displacement data. The postseismic horizontal displacement is faster in Samoa, while the postseismic subsidence rate is considerably larger in American Samoa. The analysis of local tide gauge records and satellite altimeter data also identified that the relative sea level rise becomes faster by 7–9 mm/year in American Samoa than Samoa. A simple viscoelastic model with a Maxwell viscosity of 2–3×1018 Pa s for the asthenosphere explained postseismic deformation at nearby GPS sites as well as Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment gravity change. It is found that the constructive interference of viscoelastic relaxation from both megathrust and normal faulting has intensified the postseismic subsidence at American Samoa, causing ~5 times faster sea level rise than the global average. Our model indicates that this trend is likely to continue for decades and result in sea level rise of 30–40 cm, which is independent of and in addition to anticipated climate‐related sea level rise. It will worsen coastal flooding on the islands leading to regular nuisance flooding.
Journal of Geophysic... arrow_drop_down Journal of Geophysical Research Solid EarthArticle . 2019 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BY NC NDData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routeshybrid 15 citations 15 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert Journal of Geophysic... arrow_drop_down Journal of Geophysical Research Solid EarthArticle . 2019 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BY NC NDData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1029/2018jb017110&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2013 United StatesPublisher:California Digital Library (CDL) Authors: Henning Adsersen;Henning Adsersen;Announcements ISSN 1948‐6596 A remarkable anniversary: Surtsey becomes 50 years old Every year there is a lot of round anniversaries to celebrate, and 2013 is no exception. Opera fans celebrate Wagner and Verdi, and we biogeogra‐ phers highlight Wallace and the MacArthur– Wilson plot. There is a round anniversary of another kind in 2013. It is 50 years since Surtsey emerged from the sea, in the Vestmanna Archipelago south of Iceland. I still remember the excitement in the press and the extraordinary pictures on black‐and‐ white television. But after a certain time the inter‐ est seemed to dwindle a bit, and in the interna‐ tional press (journalistic as well as scientific) re‐ ports from Surtsey became rather rare. This is strange for at least two reasons. One is that Surtsey was born right in the middle of the debate on two of the most important paradigms in the twentieth century: that of plate tectonics and that on island biogeography. And for both fields the processes on Surtsey yield unique evi‐ dence for the theories. The other reason is that Surtsey was not left alone. Our Icelandic col‐ leagues within geology, geomorphology, oceanog‐ raphy and biology have carefully and meticulously followed the island, and, through repeated and systematic surveys, they have built up a wealth of data on the infancy of an island. They have care‐ fully reported their observations (for example there is a long series of ‘Surtsey Reports’ and a home page where almost everything can be found). But Surtsey does not appear so often in textbooks or reviews as, for example, Galapagos, Krakatau or Hawai’i. Some of the findings are quite extraordi‐ nary. To mention a few: it has been shown that the geochemical transition of volcanic ash to tufa is a question of decades and not of centuries— and erosion of basaltic rocks occurs within the same time scale (Surtsey has lost half of its area already). Furthermore, the build‐up of a plant cover has proved to be rapid: so far roughly 100 species of higher plants have been reported and many of them have disappeared again. This is far more than in the rest of the Vestmanna Archipel‐ ago and around 20% of the entire flora of Iceland. The colonization of birds has also been docu‐ mented and the influence of seabird colonies on vegetation succession has been recorded from scratch. Our Icelandic colleagues have decided to seize the 50 th anniversary as an opportunity both to synthesize the existing knowledge and to com‐ municate it to the international scientific commu‐ nity. They will host an international conference in Reykjavik in August 2013 (12 th –15 th ), focusing on the geological and biological processes on Surtsey. The first and second circulars have been distrib‐ uted, and more information and details can be found on http://www.surtsey.is. The organizers have tried to urge Surt (the equivalent in Nordic mythology to Vulcan/ Hephaistos) to let Surtsey have a younger brother be born just south of El Hierro in the Canary Is‐ lands. He is on the way; let us see whether he makes it in 2013. Henning Adsersen Centre of Macroecology, Evolution, and Climate, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Den‐ mark. adser@bio.ku.dk To post jobs, advertisements, or other announcements please contact the Frontiers of Biogeography editoral office (frontiersofbiogeography@googlemail.com). Advertisements are $50 per quarter page for professional or institutional positions. Announcements are free to members for vacancies in their lab. All advertisements and announcements also appear at no additional cost on the IBS facebook pa‐ ge (in abbreviated form) and on the IBS Blog (in long, or longer form). frontiers of biogeography 5.1, 2013 — © 2013 the authors; journal compilation © 2013 The International Biogeography Society
Frontiers of Biogeog... arrow_drop_down eScholarship - University of CaliforniaArticle . 2013Data sources: eScholarship - University of Californiaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 1 citations 1 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert Frontiers of Biogeog... arrow_drop_down eScholarship - University of CaliforniaArticle . 2013Data sources: eScholarship - University of Californiaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2015Publisher:Wiley Authors: Isaac H. McIvor; Thegn N. Ladefoged;Isaac H. McIvor; Thegn N. Ladefoged;doi: 10.1002/arco.5080
ABSTRACTThe duration and mode of occupation of pre‐European Māori living in northern New Zealand was influenced by their subsistence strategies. Our analysis of the surface archaeological remains on Ahuahu (Great Mercury Island, Coromandel) examines how communities practiced horticulture and interacted with their local ecological and social environments through mobility, storage and competition. Focusing on a 300 ha study area in the northern quarter of the island, we use a multi‐scalar land‐unit (LU) approach to categorize the landscape as a continuously varying phenomenon with multiple characteristics. Our results suggest that the largest concentrations of horticultural features were located in areas with high sunlight exposure (insolation), good soils, low slopes and stream access. This patterning indicates that specific areas were probably being targeted for horticultural production, although differential feature preservation and visibility must also be considered. The spatial organisation of storage pits, residential features and fortified locations suggests year‐round occupation of the island, not just summer planting. The heterogeneous characteristics of the landscape influenced the settlement of three particular zones on the island. We suggest that the economic defensibility of these areas would have facilitated territoriality within a socio‐historical context of population fluidity and mobility.
https://onlinelibrar... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1002/arco.5...Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Wiley Online Library User AgreementData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 10 citations 10 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert https://onlinelibrar... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1002/arco.5...Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Wiley Online Library User AgreementData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1002/arco.5080&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2008Publisher:American Chemical Society (ACS) Authors: Stephen H, Linder; Dritana, Marko; Ken, Sexton;Stephen H, Linder; Dritana, Marko; Ken, Sexton;doi: 10.1021/es072042u
pmid: 18605549
Air toxics are of particular concern in Greater Houston, home to one of the world's largest petrochemical complexes and a quarter ofthe nation's refining capacity. Much of this complex lies along a navigable ship channel that flows 50 miles from east of the central business district through Galveston Bay and into the Gulf of Mexico. Numerous communities, including both poor and affluent neighborhoods, are located in close proximity to the 200 facilities along this channel. Our aim is to examine the spatial distribution of cumulative, air-pollution-related cancer risks in Houston and Harris County, with particular emphasis on identifying ethnic, economic, and social disparities. We employ exposure estimates from NATA-1999 and census data to assess whether the cumulative cancer risks from air toxics in Houston (and Harris County) fall disproportionately on certain ethnicities and on the socially and economically disadvantaged. The cancer risk burden across Harris County census tracts increases with the proportion of residents who are Hispanic and with key indicators of relative social disadvantage. Aggregate disadvantage grows at each higher level of cancer risk. The highest cancer risk in Harris County is concentrated along a corridor flanking the ship channel. These high-risk neighborhoods, however, vary markedly in relative disadvantage, as well as in emission source mix. Much of the risk they face appears to be driven by only a few hazardous air pollutants. Results provide evidence of risk disparities from hazardous air pollution based on ethnicity and social disadvantage. At the highest levels of risk the pattern is more complex, arguing for a neighborhood level of analysis, especially when proximity to high-emissions industries is a substantial contributor to cumulative cancer risk.
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You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1021/es072042u&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 110 citations 110 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1021/es072042u&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2020Publisher:Elsevier BV Rebekah Paci-Green; Adriana Varchetta; Kate McFarlane; Padmini Iyer; Marcel Goyeneche;Abstract Over the last three decades, comprehensive school safety (CSS) has emerged as a guiding framework for disaster risk reduction in the education sector. Yet, little is known about what national-level CSS policies have been developed and implemented globally. In 2017, a CSS Policy Survey was administered in 68 countries. The survey recorded adoption of CSS policies and identified key facilitators and blockers of CSS policy development and implementation. Results indicate that most countries have enacted emergency management policies that address the education sector. Most also have enacted policies for safer school construction, though less than a quarter provide funding for multi-hazard risk assessment and retrofit of weak schools. Less than half limit use of schools as temporary shelters. While about half require schools to carry out emergency drills, less than a quarter include disaster management in teacher training. A quarter include climate change and disaster risk reduction in their school curriculum, but only a few of these countries train teachers in these subjects. Respondents found that evidence of disaster impacts and advocacy were key facilitators for CSS policy enactment. Insufficient funds and technical capacity tended to impede it. Regression analysis found that regional differences and economic ranking correlated with policies to strengthen weak school facilities, but did not correlate with the presence of most other CSS policies. These results help identify contexts in which CSS policy development may be most successful as well as next steps for continued risk reduction in the education sector.
International Journa... arrow_drop_down International Journal of Disaster Risk ReductionArticle . 2020 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routeshybrid 22 citations 22 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert International Journa... arrow_drop_down International Journal of Disaster Risk ReductionArticle . 2020 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2000 FrancePublisher:Elsevier BV Authors: Vieira, Mario Ec; Bordalo, Adriano A;Vieira, Mario Ec; Bordalo, Adriano A;Le Douro est un fleuve dont le bassin versant est le plus important de la Péninsule ibérique car il draine 17 % de son territoire. Avec un débit liquide moyen de 480 m3 s–1, le Douro se jette dans l'océan Atlantique à Porto. Le long du cours principal du fleuve, long de 930 km, et de ses tributaires, environ soixante grands barrages hydroélectriques contrôlent le flux d'eau douce arrivant à l'estuaire. L'estuaire mésotidal est actuellement confiné aux derniers 22 km. L'analyse des données (i) de salinité, obtenues entre janvier et décembre 1994 en marée de vive eau, et (ii) de courants durant l'automne 1994, a démontré l'existence d'une intrusion saline liée au débit du fleuve. Une situation de faible débit conduit à une stratification verticale prononcée. Quand le débit augmente, l'eau douce domine dans l'estuaire. Durant l'automne 1994, la marée était proche d'une onde stationnaire avec une amplitude de 2,8 mètres. Cependant, elle n'était pas suffisamment puissante pour perturber la stratification verticale de la colonne d'eau. La friction provoquée par le courant est le mécanisme de mélange le plus important, très active en amont de l'intrusion saline. Trois points nodaux principaux d'arrêt des eaux de mer, conditionnés par la bathymétrie, se localisent à 2,6; 7,5 et 15 km de l'embouchure. L'intrusion saline est donc plus sensible au débit du fleuve qu'à l'action tidale. La pénétration d'eau de mer vers l'amont couvre environ deux tiers de l'estuaire. Le temps de résidence de la masse d'eau dans l'estuaire, estimé a partir d'un modèle de boı̂tes, dépend fortement du débit du fleuve et se situe entre 8 heures au printemps (fort débit) et 16 jours en été (faible débit). The Douro River drains a large part of the Iberian Peninsula before it flows into the Atlantic Ocean in northern Portugal. Although heavily dammed throughout its course, the Douro forms a mesotidal estuary in the last 22 km. Na data had ever been collected in this estuary prior to 1994. An analysis of salinity data measured once a month in 1994 and current data obtained in the fall of 1994 revealed a salt wedge estuary highly dependent on river discharge: strong vertical salinity stratification under conditions of low runoff, whereas during high river flows the whole estuary became a river. The tide in the fall of 1994 was very close to a standing wave throughout the estuary; the tidal range, as high as 2.8 m at spring tides, was not powerful enough to destroy the vertical stratification. Tidal straining prevented mixing within the salt wedge during ebb; however, the column became vertically mixed at the end of hood. The salt wedge became arrested at three favored positions determined by the bathymetry. The salt intrusion, more sensitive to freshwater inflow than to tidal action, penetrated as far as 2/3 of the estuary's length. Residence times were estimated with a box model and were dependent on river discharge; they varied from 8 hours with early spring (March) inflows to 16 days under summer runoff conditions.
ArchiMer - Instituti... arrow_drop_down ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerOther literature type . 2000Data sources: ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of Ifremeradd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 72 citations 72 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Average Powered by BIP!visibility 29visibility views 29 download downloads 2 Powered bymore_vert ArchiMer - Instituti... arrow_drop_down ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerOther literature type . 2000Data sources: ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of Ifremeradd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2003Publisher:Annual Reviews Authors: Roy L, DeHart;Roy L, DeHart;▪ Abstract Every day in the United States the airline industry boards over 1.7 million passengers for a total of 600 million passengers per year. As these passengers enter the cabin of their aircraft few are aware of the artificial environment that will protect them from the hazards of flight. Passengers are exposed to reduced atmospheric pressure, reduced available oxygen, noise, vibration, and are subject to below zero temperatures that are only a quarter inch away—the thickness of the aircraft's skin. Over the past decade there have been both technical and lay articles written on the perception of poor cabin air quality. Studies have, in part, supported some of those concerns, but, in general, the air quality exceeds that found in most enclosed spaces on terra firma. Since the events of September 11th, passengers have not only been exposed to the physical stress of flight, but also to social and emotional stress preceding departure. There has been a significant increase in air rage on board aircraft, which poses a threat to flight safety and a fear of harm to passengers and crew. The phrase “economy class syndrome” has received popular press attention and refers to the possibility of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the tight confines of an aircraft cabin. Studies have been conducted that demonstrate DVT can occur in flight just as it occurs in other modes of transportation or with prolonged sitting. In part, because of the stress related to commercial flight it is not a mode of transportation for everyone. Certain cardiovascular, pulmonary, and neuropsychiatric conditions are best left on the ground. Although medical problems and death are rare in flight, they do occur, and one major airline reported 1.52 medical diversions per billion revenue passenger miles flown. To provide medical support at 36,000 ft (11,000 m) most airlines now carry on-board medical kits as well as automatic external defibrillators. A recent survey conducted by a major airline revealed that there was at least one physician on 85% of all its flights. Both passenger and cargo aircraft have proven to be vectors of disease in that they transport humans, mosquitoes, and other insects and animals who, in turn, transmit disease. Transmission to other passengers has occurred with tuberculosis and influenza. Vectors for yellow fever, malaria, and dengue have been identified on aircraft. Although there are numerous health issues associated with air travel they pale in comparison to the enormous benefits to the traveler, to commerce, to international affairs, and to the public's health.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 120 citations 120 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1146/annurev.publhealth.24.100901.140853&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
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